高中英语虚拟语气考点突破.pdf

1 高中英语虚拟语气考点突破高中英语虚拟语气考点突破 单选题(经典例题高频考点-名师出品必属精品)1、The current population of the plant _ fit into the state of Taxes,if Taxes were settled as thickly as New York City AcouldBcanCwillDshould 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果能像纽约市那样对税收进行严格的规定，那么目前工厂的工人就能适应纽约州的税收。根据前文“current”及后文“if Taxes were settled”可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设。主句中应用could/should/might/would+动词原形。此处表示“能够”应用 could。故选 A。2、-Would you _ first aid to him,had it been possible?-Yes,but I _.Ahave offered;had got hurt.Boffer;had got hurt.Chave offered;got hurt.Dhad offered;had got hurt.答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果可能的话，你会给他急救吗？是的，但是我受伤了。根据后文 had it been possible 可知是对过去情况的虚拟，时间背景为过去，故第一空填 have offered。下文回答为真实的情况，应用一般过去时，故第二空填 got hurt。故选 C。3、I think that conflict is unlikely to happen,but if it _,the interests of both sides would be severely damaged.Awould occurBhad occurredCwere to occurDoccurs 答案：C 2 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我认为冲突不太可能发生，但是如果发生了，双方的利益都会受到严重的损害。根据句中的“is unlikely to happen”可知，冲突目前并没有发生，所以这种假设是针对将来而言的，此时从句谓语可以用一般过去时态，be 动词只能用 were，即 were不定式或者 should动词原形，主句谓语用would/should/could/might动词原形。故选 C。4、-I cant believe it Tom failed the test again!-He would not be so upset now your advice Awould he followBshould he follow Cdid he followDhad he followed 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我真不敢相信，汤姆又考砸了！如果他听从你的建议，他就不会那么难过了。分析句子可知，本句是对过去时间的虚拟，if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，if 省略 had 提前，句子倒装，所以是 had he followed。故 D 选项正确。小提示：if 虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere)would/could/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时(waswere);should do;were to do would/could/might/should do 可以判断本句是对过去时间的虚拟，if 引导的条件句用过去完成时，if 省略 had 提前，句子倒装，所以是 had he followed。故 D 选项正确。5、She looks as if she _ ten years younger.3 AisBwasCwereDhad been 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：她看起来好像年轻了十岁。分析句子，此处为虚拟语气，她看起来年轻十岁与现在事实相反，主句用一般过去时，be 动词都用 were，故选 C 项。6、Its recommended that you _ to bed on time.AgoingBgoCto goDdont go 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：建议你按时睡觉。句型 Its recommended that+虚拟语气，从句谓语动词用 should+动词原形，should 可以省略。故选 B。7、On AIDS Day,the minister of Health Department advised that the problems _ paid special attention to.Areferred to beingBreferred to beCrefer to beingDrefer to be 答案：B 解析：考查非谓语动词和虚拟语气。句意：在艾滋病日，卫生部长建议提到的的这些问题都要被特别关注。分析句子可知，refer to 作后置定语修饰 the problems，the problems 和 refer to 是被动关系，要用过去分词形式；因为主句的谓语动词是 advise，宾语从句用虚拟语气，符合（should）do sth.的结构，should 可以省略，其后 the problems 和 pay attention to 是被动关系，be 动词用原形。故选 B 项。8、Well make the final decision on our scheme._ you change your mind,please inform us as soon as possible.AShouldBWereCWouldDMay 答案：A 4 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定，如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用 should+动词原形，省略 if,should 提前，陈述语序是：if you should change your mind。故选 A。9、-I went to see The Wandering Earth last night.It was fantastic!-You were so lucky!How I wish I _ the ticket too.AgetBgot Chad gotDwould get 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气和时态。句意：昨晚我去看了漫游的地球。真是太棒了！-你太幸运了！我多么希望自己也买到了票。根据句意可知，昨天没有买到票，这是虚拟语气，对过的虚拟，从句使用过去完成时，因此用 had got。故选 C。小提示：虚拟语气是高考考点之一，对于虚拟语气，首先要知道虚拟语气的的几种考查情况，if 虚拟条件句，宾语从句，情态动词用于虚拟等。无论哪种情况的虚拟，时态是考点，考生必须准确把握时态。此小题主要考查的是虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用，考查对过去的虚拟。10、Its requested that a lecture _ on this subject.Ais givenBshould be givenCwill be givenDhas been given 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request 表示“要求”时引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。故选 B。5 小提示：后接虚拟语气的常见词 1）在 insist,order,command,suggest,propose,advise,desire,demand,require,request,order,prefer,propose,recommend 等表示“命令，决定，建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：He ordered that all the books be sent at once.She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.2）类似用法的还有 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory,proper 等形容词；decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should+动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态不限。例如：It was appropriate that this tax be abolished.Their decision was that the school remain closed.3）请注意，当这些词语不是用于表示“命令，决定，建议”的含义时，所引导从句不用虚拟语气。11、An order came that all the army supply _ to the front before daybreak.Abe sent Bshould sendCwere sentDshould have sent 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气和语态。句意：在黎明前所有的军队补给必须送到前线的命令已经下达。order 意为“命令”，that引导的从句作其同位语，从句的谓语动词用“（should+）动词原形”；根据句意可知应用被动语态，故选 A 项。12、The professor demanded that all the essays _ to him by Jan.10th.Ahand inBbe handed in Cshould hand inDwere handed in 6 答案：B 解析：考查语态和虚拟语气。句意：教授要求所有的论文在 1 月 10 日前交上来。essays 与 hand in 之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态，demand 后的宾语从句应该用 should do 的虚拟语气，should 可以省略，故 B 项正确。小提示：注意在表示建议、要求、命令以及坚持等词后的宾语从句中要用 should+动词的虚拟语气，其中 should 可以省略。13、Left to itself,the place _ into a prosperous civilized community Awas to growBwere to grow Cshould have grownDwould have grown 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果任其发展，这个地方会发展成一个繁荣的文明社区。此句为隐含条件虚拟语气，且与过去事实相反，所以主句用 would/could/should/might+have done。would 表示“将会”，should 表示“应当”。故选 D。14、Dont you think it is time you _ the plan?It is_ the managers wanted to see_ soon.Aset out discussing;that;to be carried out Bshould set about discussing;that;to carry out Cshould set out to discuss;what;to be carried out Dset about discussing,what;carried out 答案：D 解析：7 考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意：你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗？这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中 It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语 set about doing sth.“开始做某事”，故第一空应填 set about discussing；第二空为表语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事情，故应用 what；第三空分析句子结构可知 carry out 在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语 plan 构成被动关系，故用过去分词 carried out。故选 D。小提示：It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气 从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且 should 不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如：I think its time you went to bed.我想你该睡觉了。Its time we went were going,should go.我们该走了。I think its time they were taught a lesson.我想现在该给他们一点教训了。注：time 前有时有 about 和 high 修饰：I think its high time that she made up her mind.我想她该拿定主意了。与其他的虚拟结构不同，该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were。如：Its time I was in bed.我该上床睡了。(不用 were)15、_I had more money,I could buy a car.AOnly ifBIf everCIf onlyDEven if 答案：C 解析：考查状语从句的从属连词。句意：要是我有更多钱就好了，我就可以买一辆车。A.Only if 只有，除非；B.If ever 如果曾经有；C.If only 要是就好了；D.Even if 尽管。分析句子可知，此处是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，再结合句意可知，此处用 if only“要是就好了”符合语境和语法要求，故选 C 项。8 16、He was in great trouble,but he behaved as if nothing_ Awas happeningBhas happened ChappenedDhad happened 答案：D 解析：考查时态。句意：他遇到了很大的麻烦，但他表现得若无其事。此处 as if“好像”，引导方式状语从句，是虚拟语气，与过去的事实相反，句子用过去完成时态，故选 D。17、How impressive Chinas 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!Definitely.If only I _ on the scene!AwasBwereChave beenDhad been 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：国庆 70 周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻。当然，要是我在现场就好了。此处考查对过去的虚拟，用 if only sb.had done sth.，故选 D 项。小提示：本题考查 if only（要是就好了）引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气，虚拟语气一般有三种情况：与现在事实相反用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；与将来事实相反用过去将来时。例如 If only I had tried my best years ago。要是我几年前尽全力就好了。If only I were in china at present.要是我现在在中国就好了。18、He _ his potential had it not been for his desire to meet new challenges.Awould never have realizedBwould never realize Cnever realizedDhad never realized 9 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为他渴望迎接新的挑战，他就不会实现他的潜能。分析句子结构可知，本句考查 if 引导的条件句的虚拟，省略 if 倒装的情况，根据语法规则可知，从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词应用 would have done；分析本句可知，空格处应为主句谓语部分且表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选 A。19、It is important that we _ the window before we leave.Ashall closeBwill closeCmust closeDclose 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们离开前关上窗户是很重要的。诸如 necessary、important、impossible、natural、strange、surprising、funny、right、wrong、better、a pity、the shame、no wonder 等表情绪、观点的形容词或名词要用虚拟语气，符合“It is.that+主语从句”的结构，从句的谓语动 词常用“should+动词原形”，且 should 的省略要看情况而定。句中表示建议的语气，should 可以省略。故选 D 项。20、He is always seeking excuses for the debt,but Id rather he _ it off as early as possible.Awould payBwould have paidChad paidDpaid 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他总是在为债务找借口，但我宁愿他尽早还清。would rather 后接宾语从句，谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，表示过去的愿望用过去完成时，表示现在或将来的愿望用一般过去时。本句表示对将来的愿望，故用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选 D 项。21、But for the rescue teams efforts,more lives _ in the wreck accident.Awould be claimedBshould have claimed Cwould have claimedDcould have been claimed 10 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是团队的努力，更多人的就会在这次失事事故中丧生。分析句子可知，句子为过去时态，更多人本会在失事事故中丧生，与过去事实相反，用情态动词 could+have done 结构表示，又因为 lives与 claim 之间存在逻辑是的动宾关系，用被动语态，所以填 could have been claimed。故选 D 项。22、Sam insisted that he_the law and_.Adidnt break;mustnt be punishedBdoesnt break;shouldnt punish Chadnt broken;be not punishedDhadnt broken;not be punished 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：Sam 坚持说他没有违法，也不应该受到惩罚。此处考查 insist 用法，第一：当 insist 译为“坚持认为”，从句使用陈述语气，该句中 insist 使用一般过去时，故从句时态应为过去完成时（had+done）；第二：当 insist 译为“坚持要求”，从句使用虚拟语气，结构为：主语+should+动词原形，should 可以省略。该句第二个空中 punish 与 Sam 之间构成被动关系，故填 should not be punished，should 可省略。故选 D 项。23、It is time that we _ a decision on how to approach this problem.AmakeBmadeCto makeDwill make 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：是我们决定如何处理这个问题的时候了。固定句式 It is time that 后面的从句谓语用过去式或 should+动词原形。故选 B。24、They demand that we _ the task on time.AaccomplishBwill accomplishCaccomplishedDhad accomplished 11 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求我们按时完成任务。动词 demand 作“要求”之意时，后接宾语从句，从句用should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should 可以省略。故选 A。25、If you had enough money,what _？Awill you buyBwould you buy Cwould you have boughtDwill you have bought 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有足够的钱，你会买什么？此处表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句用 did(was 用were)，主句用 would/should/could+动词原形，故 B 项正确。小提示：非真实条件句的虚拟语气的基本用法是：表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用 had done，主句谓语动词用 would/should/could+have done；表示与现在事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用 did(was 用 were)，主句谓语动词用 would/should/could+动词原形；表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语动词用 did(was 用 were)，should do 或 were to do，主句谓语动词用 would/should/could+动词原形。26、_ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.AIf it is notBWereCHad it not beenDIf they were not 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有那些免费的票，我不会去影院这么频繁。这是一个虚拟语气的句子，与过去事实相反，从句用“had+过去分词”，主句用“would+have+过去分词”。在虚拟语气的句子里，有时可以省略从句中的 if，把动词 be，助动词 had 等放在句首。故选 C。12 27、Many people _ from sickness or even small wounds had penicillin not been available.Awould dieBwould have diedCmay dieDmay have died 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，许多人可能会死于疾病甚至小伤口。分析句意可知，此句是一个虚拟语气，根据句中的“had penicillin not been available”可知，此句是对过去的虚拟，故其主语的谓语动词应用“should/would/might/could+have+过去分词”。结合选项，故选 B。28、Did you hear Smith was to blame for his making such foolish mistakes?Yes,but a more careful person _so many mistakes.Awouldnt makeBneednt have made Cshouldnt makeDwouldnt have made 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你听说 Smith 因犯了愚蠢的错误而受到责备了吗?听说了，但一个比较细心的人是不会犯这么多错误的。根据语境可知，这里表示对过去事实的虚拟，表示“本不会做某事”，故用wouldnt have done。shouldnt have done 表示过去本不该做(实际却做了)；neednt have done 表示过去本没必要做(实际上却做了)。综上，故选 D 项。29、They both look as if they _ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.AareBwereChave beenDhad been 答案：B 解析：13 考查虚拟语气。句意：他们俩谈心之后，看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境，as if 引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词 look 可知，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选 B。30、As two cases of Omicro coronavirus variant have been detected,the British government has urged that anyone who has arrived from South Africa recently _.Abeing testedBwas testedCmust be testedDbe tested 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：由于已发现两例奥米克罗冠状病毒变异病例，英国政府敦促最近从南非抵达的任何人接受检测。A.being tested 正在被检测；B.was tested 被检测；C.must be tested 必须被检测；D.be tested 被检测。分析句子，has urged 后接 that 引导的宾语从句，urge 表示“敦促”，后接宾语从句时应用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词应用“should+动词原形”，其中 should 可以省略，本句中 test 与主语 anyone 之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，即（should）be tested。故选 D 项。31、But for the belief that things better soon,many people couldnt have survived the rough time.Ahad gotBgotCwould getDwill get 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是相信情况很快就会好转，许多人就不可能挺过这段艰难的时期。But for 是固定搭配，意为“要不是”，引导的短语或句子相当于一个虚拟条件句。根据主句部分 many people couldnt have survived the rough time.可知，此处是对过去情况的假设，but for 引导的从句部分是真实情况，根据时间状语soon 可知，此处用过去将来时。故选 C 项。32、-Have you heard that Ben and Bill had a fight yesterday?-Yes.Now they dont say a single word to each other.It seems as if they _ each other before.Adidnt knowBdont knowChave never knownDhad never known 14 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你听说昨天 Ben 和 Bill 打架了吗？是的。现在他们一句话也不说了。他们好像之前从来不认识对方。as if“好像”，在引导从句时，即可表示对现在、过去时间的虚拟，也可表示对将来时间的虚拟，其后要用虚拟语气。当表示和过去事实相反时，从句用 had+过去分词的虚拟语气。根据句中“Ben and Bill had a fight yesterday”及下文“before”，可知此处表示和过去事实相反，选项 D 与题意相符，故选 D。33、Pity that I missed the Womens Volleyball Match on Thursday.If only I _ the ticket in advance!AbookedBhad bookedCwould bookDhave booked 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：错过了周四的女排比赛真是太可惜了，要是我早点订票就好了。根据句意可知，这是对过去的虚拟，故应用过去完成时。故选 B 34、What a pity!The parents could have survived the earthquake,_ to save their child.Ahad they not come backBhave they come back Cdid they not come backDdid they come back 答案：A 解析：考查省略 if 的条件句。句意：真遗憾!如果不是回来救孩子，这对父母本可以在地震中幸存下来。分析句子可知，此处为 if 引导的虚拟条件句，与过去事实相反，从句的谓语动词为 had come back，if 可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把 had 置于句首。从句“if they had not come back”省略 if，提前 had，句子写成“had they not come back”。故选 A 项。小提示：if 引导的虚拟条件句，当从句的谓语动词含有 were，should，had 时，if 可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，15 即把 were，should，had 等词置于句首。35、If he _ his teachers suggestion,he would have won the English Speech Contest.Ahad followedBshould follow Cwas to followDfollowed 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他听从了老师的建议，他就会赢得英语演讲比赛了。根据“would have won”可知，此处表示对过去的虚拟，从句谓语形式为 had+过去分词，故 A 项正确。小提示：注意在 if 引导的虚拟条件句中，表示对现在的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be 用 were），主句谓语形式为 should/could/would+动词原形，如：If they didnt take physical exercises every day,they would be so healthy；表示对过去的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为 had+过去分词，主句谓语形式为 should/could/would have+过去分词，如：If you had taken my advice,you wouldnt have failed in the test；表示对将来的虚拟时，从句谓语形式为动词过去式（be 用 were）/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语形式为 should/could/would+动词原形，如：If it were to rain tomorrow,our picnic would be put off。36、She wouldnt have flown off the handle _the fact that you didnt intend to hurt her.Awere she to knowBhad she known Cdid she knowDshould she have known 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话，她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中 wouldnt have 和 fact 后的同位语从句的时态可知，这是对过去时间的虚拟。在 if 的非真实条件句中，对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用 had done，省略连词 if 后，句子要用部分倒装，即 had 提前至从句主语之前。故选 B 项。16 37、My advice is _ he _ to go abroad for further education.Athat,choosesBthat,choseCthat,chooseDwhat,should choose 答案：C 解析：考查表语从句和虚拟语气。句意：我的建议是他应该选择出国深造。chooses 选择；第一个设空处引导表语从句，从句不缺成份，应用只起连接作用的 that；在 advice 后的表语从句应用虚拟语气，谓语构成是“should+动词原形”should 可省略，故第二个设空处应为(should)choose。故选 C。38、He has loved me_I were his son.AbecauseBasCifDas if 答案：D 解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：他爱我就像我是他的儿子一样。A.because 因为，引导原因状语从句；B.as 因为，当时候，引导原因状语从句或时间状语从句；C.if 如果，引导条件状语从句；D.as if 好像，引导方式状语从句。根据空前后句意可知，空处需用 as if 或 as though 可引导方式状语从句,叙述一种明显不合现在事实的假设,需用虚拟语气,动词用过去式,如果是动词 be,则用 were。故选 D。39、I wish I _ football game on TV last night,but I went to a friends birthday party.AwatchedBhad watchedCwould watchDwere watching 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我昨晚看了电视上的足球比赛，但是我去了一个朋友的生日聚会。分析可知，wish 后的宾语从句，应用虚拟语气，由时间状语 last night 可知该句是对过去发生事情的虚拟，结构为：wish+主语+had+过去分词。故选 B 项。40、The General commanded that all the soldiers _ the news secret.17 AkeepBkeptCkeepingDto keep 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：将军命令所有士兵把这个新闻保守秘密。command“命令”，后跟 that 从句，从句中用should do,should 可以省略。故选 A。小提示：在一些表示“建议、劝说、命令”的名词后面的表语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气。should+动词原形表示，should 可省略。如：My suggestion is that we(should)start early tomorrow.我的建议是我们明天一早就出发。本小题考查 command 的用法，句意：将军命令所有士兵把这个新闻保守秘密。command“命令”，后跟 that 从句，从句中用 should do,should 可以省略。故选 A。41、I _ to the party with you tomorrow if I didnt have to attend the meeting.AwentBhad goneCwould goDwould have gone 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。本句考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我不必参加会议的话，我明天回和你去参加派对。根据句意可知与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句可用 would do，所以 C 正确。42、Im sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline.With better equipment,I _ the task on schedule.Awould accomplishBcould accomplish Cmust have accomplishedDmight have accomplished 18 答案：D 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：很抱歉我没能赶上最后期限，要是有更好的设备，我可能已经按时完成任务了。根据“I failed to meet the deadline.”及“