大学英语U3.doc

Unit 3 Security
Text A: The Land of Lock
Part III: Word Building :Word Formation
urb=city urban, suburb, urbanology
form=shape formal, informal, conform, deform, reform, uniform
bar=bar barrier, barricade, debar, embarrass,
flect, flex=bend flexible, reflect, deflect, inflect
rap=seize rape, rapid, rapacious

Part V: Language Study
1. on the latch: (of a door) closed but not locked
Eg:1) Let yourself in; the door is on the latch.
2) Don't forget to leave the front door on the latch if you go to bed before I come back.

2: close up: shut (sth.) esp. temporarily
Eg: 1)I wanted so much to close up my store and go traveling.
2) On the New Year's Eve all the stores were closed up in my hometown.

3. rural: of, in or suggesting the countryside
Eg:1)In rural areas the distance between buildings makes infrastructure development costly.
2) By the year 2003 urban residents will
outnumber rural residents in most developing countries.

4. vulnerable: exposed to danger or attack; unprotected
Eg:1)Intruders are developing techniques to harness the power of hundreds of thousands of vulnerable systems on the Internet.
2) Museums in the developing world often have fewer security measures and thus remain more vulnerable to thefts.

5.urban: of, situated in or living in a city or town
Eg:1) Motor vehicle emissions, to a large extent, are responsible for urban air pollution.
2) We would adopt drastic measures to cut back not only on carbon dioxide but acid rain and
urban smog as well.

6.statistics: collection of information expressed in numbers
Eg: 1)The statistics indicate that roughly every 22 years a major drought occurs in the United States.
2) Statistics show that the spread of ASRS has been under control.

7. tranquil: calm, quite and undisturbed
Eg:1) The hospital aims to bring peace and
comfort to the dying by offering expert care and a tranquil atmosphere.
2) Visitors like to stay in this hotel because it is beautiful and located in a tranquil lake area.

8. era: a period of history or a long period of time
Eg:1) The dinosaurs died out about 66 million years ago, at the end of the Mesozoic Era.
2) Young students should study hard to ensure the country's fast economic and social development in the era of globalization.

9. electronic: of or relating to electronics or
devices and systems developed through electronics
Eg:1) Use of the Internet is replacing other forms of electronic Communication.
2) The Internet offers users a number of basic services including data transfer, electronic mail, and the ability to access information in remote databases.

10. hook up to: connect or attach (sth.) to (sth. else) with or as if with a hook
Eg:1) My computer is hooked up to the Internet, so I can communicate with my students at home via email.
2) The alarm systems in the banks are hooked up to the local police station.

11.build in / into: make (sth.) as part of the structure
Eg:1) The cupboards in the kitchen are all built in.
2) We are having shelves built into the wall over the bed.

12. pry: force sth. open or away from a surface
Eg:1) They pried open a sticky can of blue paint.
2) Her car trunk had been pried open and all her equipment was gone.
◆ ~ about: 到处窥探 ~ into: 窥探，打听

13. paste: stick sth. with glue
Eg:1) The protesters had pasted slogans all over the walls.
2)The young man pasted the pictures of his favorite singer on the wall.

14. premise: A) (pl) all the buildings and land that an institution occupies on one site
Eg: 1) There is a kitchen on the premises.
2) The shop sells food but doesn't allow it to be eaten on the premises.
3) The company is looking for new premises.
B) sth. that you accept as true and use as a basis for another idea or way of thinking (usu. followed by that clause)
Eg: 1) The corporation operates on the premise that family life directly affects business results.
2) The program started from the premise that men and women are on equal terms in this society.
◆ on the ~ of/that 在…前提下
an assumed/unsound ~ 假设/站不住脚的假设

15. feature: give a prominent part to (sb./sth.)
Eg:1) Modern libraries often feature telecommunications links that provide users with access to information at remote sites.
2) East Asian dramas often feature ethical conflicts, divided loyalty, or concerns about the afterlife.
3)They had a traditional Thanksgiving dinner featuring roast turkey.
◆ make a ~ of: 以…为特色
a well-featured person: 五官端正的人
be ~ed by:有…的特点

16. chart: a diagram, picture, or graph which is intended to make information easier to understand
Eg:1) The nurse gave the doctor a chart showing the patient's temperature and blood pressure.
2) Students are required to write an essay according to the chart showing the changes in the people's diet.
◆ chart 表现数据变化的图表，如饼形图、曲线标绘图等；graph 多指曲线图；
diagram 指标明事物结构、功能、原理和性质的图解、简图。

17. put up: build or erect
Eg:1) He put up a new fence around his house.
2) Most of the old buildings were pulled down so that blocks of apartments could be put up.

18. barrier: thing that prevents progress or movement
Eg:1) The driver slowed down as he approached the police barrier.
2) The program serves as a barrier that stops children viewing unhealthy programs on the Internet.
◇trade ~: 贸易壁垒language ~: 语言障
cultural ~: 文化阻隔geographical ~: 地理阻隔

19. barricade: a barrier of large objects, intended to stop an enemy; block with a barricade
Eg: 1)The rioters barricaded streets with piles of blazing tyres.
2) Protesters have been putting up barricades across a number of major streets.
◆ place/erect/set up/put up barricades 设置路障
remove/demolish/tear down barricade 拆除路障
barricade oneself in/out of sth.: 设置临时障碍把自己圈在里面，把…挡在外面

20. wander: move about without a fixed purpose (followed by about/ around/through etc.)
Eg:1) When he got bored he wandered around the campus.
2) We wandered through the old part of the town, totally lost.
3) Many people from the rural areas wandered from town to town looking for work.

21. take off: (aircraft, bird or insect) move from the ground and begin to fly
Eg:1) Kids like watching planes take off and land.
2) The plane didn't take off on time because of the heavy storm.

22. hold/keep (sb.) at bay: prevent (an enemy, pursuers, etc.) from coming near
Eg: 1) Eating oranges keeps colds at bay.
2) She left the light on at night to keep her fears at bay.

23. sideways: to, towards or from the side (a., ad.)
Eg: 1) Alfred shoot him a sideways glance.
2)If you would move sideways to the left, I can get everyone on the picture.
24. stand for: represent; mean
Eg:1) He hates us and everything we stand for.
2) That newspaper is often thought to stand for freedom of speech.
3) "WTO" stands for World Trade Organization.

25. be bathed in: cover or envelop as if with liquid
Eg:1) The fields and woods were bathed in a golden light at sunrise.
2) He was interviewed in a room bathed in soft red light.
3) She bathed her feet in warm water to relieve the pain.

26. analyze: examine sth. in detail in order to understand it, esp. by considering separately all the elements it consists of
Eg: 1) Assemble your knowledge and analyze it: that is the way forward.
2) We will analyze the results of the poll and report on our findings tomorrow.
3) Television stations and networks analyze their audiences for the guidance of advertisers.

27. with/by a small/large margin:
Eg: 1)Governor Bush won the election but by a
small margin.
2) Demand for college education exceeds
capacity by a large margin.
3) With the improvement of their living
conditions, people's demand for air-conditioning has increased by a large margin.

28. error: mistake
Eg:1) I was guilty of making an error of judgment.
2) The plane was shot down in error by a NATO missile.

29. civilize: cause to improve from a primitive stage of human society to a more developed one
Eg:1) Some people believe that it is the duty of the government to civilize the jungle tribes at the earliest opportunity. Others argue that the tribes should be left alone to follow their traditional way of life in peace.
2) The terrorist attack on the World Trade Center has shocked the civilized world.

30.reflection: A) a thing bringing discredit or criticism (followed by on)
Eg: 1)The fact that we all failed the test was a
reflection on our teacher.
2) When children are criticized by their teachers,
mothers often see it as a reflection on
themselves.
B) reflecting (careful thinking) or being reflected
Eg: 1) After much reflection, I've come to a decision.
2) After thirty years as a teacher, his reflections
on life were worth listening to.
3) His unhappiness is a reflection of his mistaken
marriage.

31. puzzling: confusing, not easy to understand
Eg:1) I found that English film very puzzling.
2) Nobody at the meeting liked his puzzling statement.
◆ puzzle: cause (sb.) to feel confused and slightly worried because they cannot understand sth.; thinking hard in order to understand.
Eg:1) It puzzles me why she gave up the chance of
studying abroad.
2) The police are still puzzling about the cause
of the accident.

32. outsmart oneself: have one's efforts at cunning or cleverness result in one's own disadvantage聪明反被聪明误
Eg: You should think twice about employing someone you've never met. Don’t outsmart yourself. 你要雇用素未谋面的人应三思而行，不要自作聪明。

33．look back on: think about (sth.) in one's past
Eg: 1)When you look back on your life, what
moments would you cherish the most?
2) In his speech the president looks back on the
economic recovery and makes clear his desire to
reduce the federal budget.
D: Writing skills
1. Cause and effect
1). T guides Ss through Writing Strategy ( P 101).
2). T invites several Ss to sum up the cause-effect structure of Text A. Fear and distrust lead to various security devices, which in turn makes the Americans prisoners of their own making.
3). Ss reconsider Text Organization Exercise 1, then answer the question: How are these details arranged? (categorical arrangement)
2. Comparison and contrast (15 minutes)
1). Ss re-read Paras 1, 4, 10, 11, 12, and 13, then tell what these three pairs of paragraphs have in
common. Each pair contrast the past situation with the present one.
2). Ss discuss what transitional devices are used to connect those pairs together.
Proverbs and Quotations
1. Weapons bode (breed) peace.
武装预兆和平/有武装就有和平。
2. When guns speak it is too late to argue.
枪炮发言时，争辩已太迟。
3. It is the man behind the gun that tells.
决定胜负的是枪炮后面的人。
4. Good order is the foundation of all things.
— E. Burke. British statesman
良好的秩序是一切的基础. —英国政治家 E.伯克
5. Punishment is justice for the unjust.
— Augustine. British writer
惩罚是对正义的伸张。— 英国作家 奥古斯丁

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