外研社八年级英语Module 1 Section 2 Words and Expressions.doc

MODULE 1 Damings study diaryPart 2: Teaching Resources第二部分 教学资源Section 2: Words and Expressions1. diaryn. 1. C 日记 a daily record of what you do or think: I used to keep a diary. 我从前记日记。 2. C 日记本 book where you write what has happened each day: He begins to write in his diary. 他开始在他的日记本上写东西。 2. translatev. 翻译 give the meaning of words in another language: He translated it from English into German. 他把它从英文翻译成德文。 Dont translate word for word, sentence for sentence. 不要逐字逐句地翻译。 Can you translate this German letter for me? 你能把这封德文信给我翻译一下吗？ Poetry doesnt translate easily. 诗歌不容易翻译。 The essay translates well. 这篇论文译得好。 translate.into. 把翻译成 Translate the following sentences into Chinese, please. 请把下列句子译成汉语。 The book seems to have been translated into many languages already. 这本书看来已有了好几种语言的译本了。 to translate English into Chinese 把英语译成汉语 a book translated into several languages 被译成数种语言的一本书 3. completeadj. 1. 完结的；完成的；结束的 finished; done: She stopped when her work was complete. 工作做完了她就停下来。 2. 配齐的；完整的 with no parts missing: James has arrived so our team is complete. 詹姆士已经到了，困此我们队人都到齐了。 Everybody is here today; the class is complete. 今天大家都到了，全班都齐了。 3. 完全的；彻底的 total: Garys visit was a complete surprise! 加里的来访可真完全出人意外！ Is this a complete story? 这是一个完整的故事吗？ vt. 完成；使圆满 finish doing or making something: The builders will complete the new sports centre next year. 建筑工人将在明年建成这座新的运动中心。 This ought to be completed. 应该把这个做完（或写完，补全）。 When will the work be completed? 这项工作什么时候完成？ 4. copyn. 1. C 摹本；复制品；抄本；副本 something the same as another thing: The picture on my wall is a copy of a painting by Turner. 我墙上的那张画是特纳油画的复制品。 The copy does not correspond with the original. 抄本与原文不符。 This is the copy of a well known picture. 这是一幅名画的摹本。 2. C （书报等的）一本；一册；一份 one example of a book or newspaper: Make six copies of this, please. 请把这个复制六份。 I want a copy of his new book. 我要一本他写的新书。 Will you please get me a copy of Mother? 请给我弄一本母亲好吗？ There are three copies of that book in the library. 那本书图书馆里有三册。 vi. 1. 抄写；誊写；复印 make a copy of: Please copy the sentence on the blackboard. 请把句子抄在黑板上。 I had to copy the whole letter. 我须抄此全信。 2. 模仿 try to be like, or look like, another person: Tom copied the clothes of the pop star. 汤姆模仿流行歌星的衣服式样。 Watch me and copy what I do. 看着我，照我的样子做。 Never copy foreign things blindly or mechanically. 决不要盲目或机械地照抄外国的东西。 3. 抄袭（别人答案） cheat by looking at another persons work and writing what that person has written: You must not copy in an exam. 你在考试中可别抄袭。 Dont copy from your neighbour! 不要抄袭你邻座的东西！ 5. correctadj. 正确的 right, true: He gave me three correct answers. 他给了我三个正确的答案。 Fill in the blanks with the correct tenses of the verbs given. 用所给动词的正确时态填空。 Your answer is not quite correct. 你的回答不完全对。 Complete each of the following sentences with the correct statement. 用正确的说法完成下列各句。 Its the correct thing to do. 对啊，正应如此。 approximately correct 大体正确 indisputably correct 无可争辩的正确 quite correct 很正确 scientifically correct 科学上正确 a correct account 正确的说明 a correct answer 正确答案 a correct young man 品行端正的青年 the correct thing 正事，应该的事 correct in every particular 每个细节都正确 correct the sheets for the press 给报纸校正清样 v. 校正；改正；纠正；修改； show what is wrong; mark mistakes: Please correct any mistakes you may find in my letter. 如发现我的信里有错误，请纠正。 They handed in their exercises just in time for the teacher to correct. 他们刚好及时交上作业让老师批改。 The clock was fast so I corrected it. 这个钟快了，所以我把它校准了。 I corrected my own faults. 我改正自己的过错。 to correct a child for disobedience 责备孩子不听话 to stand corrected 承认有错误（在别人提出批评后的答话） 6. numbern. 1. 数 a quantity or amount: The number of students is getting larger and larger. 学生们的人数愈来愈多。 Nobody can imagine an end to numbers. 谁也想不出最终是个什么数。 The number of boys in our class is fifty. 我们班上男孩子的总数是五十。 the accurate (exact, precise) number 确切的数目 the actual number 实际数目 a certain number of 一定数的 a five digit number 五位数 a known number 已知数 indefinite number 不定数 an ordinal (a cardinal) number 序（基）数 high numbers 高位数 page number 页数 ascertain the number 确定数目 bring up the number to 使数目增长到 calculate the number 计算数目 double a number 使这数目加倍 limit the number 限制数目 reduce the number 减少数目 the number has grown (=increased) to 数目增加到 2. 数；数字 word or figure like2,two,40,forty,etc: 2,8,34,936 are numbers. 2，8，34，936都是数字。 Think of a number, any number you like. 想一个数字，你喜欢的任何数字都行。 3. 号码；第号（缩写No.） in number: I dont know the (your, its, etc.) number. 我不知道（你的，它的）号码。 Would you like to leave your telephone number ? 请你留下电话号码好吗？ There is no number to it. 它没有号码。 Whats the number of it? 它几号？ No.1 to 10 一至十号 a high (low, etc.) number 大（小）号码 phone number 电话号码 a room number 房间号码 a seat number 座位号码 a motor car number 汽车车号 dial the number 拨这个电话号码 look up the number in the phone book 在电话簿里查找这个电话号码 the No. 15 Middle School 第十五中学 4. （报刊的）期 issue of a newspaper, etc.: Have you yesterdays (last Mondays, etc.) number of The Times? 你有昨天（上星期一）的那份泰晤士报吗？ a back number 过期的一期刊物 the inaugural (=initial)number 创刊号 a missing (an extra) number 缺少的（多出来的）一期；缺（重）号 a special number 特刊号 5. （语法）数；数式 (gram.) a word form of ending which shows whether one or more than one is meant: the singular and plural numbers 单数和复数 6. 算术 (pl.) the science of numeral; arithmetic: She is not good at numbers. 她不擅长算术。 7. 多数 (pl.) a large quantity vt. 1. 标以号数 give a number to: Number the pages of your exercise book. 把你的练习本编上页码。 Number them from 1 to 10. 把他们编为一至十号。 The parcels are numbered. 包裹已编了号码。 2. 计有 amount to: The party numbered twelve in all. 这个团体总共十二人。 number off from left to right 从左至右报数 3. 含有；有 contain: The teaching staff numbers twenty two, fifteen women and seven men. 教师有二十二人，十五位女教师，七位男教师。 4. 数；算 count: They can be numbered by (the) thousands. 他们可以千计。 5. 算入；视为团体的一分子 include; regard as one of a company or class: You can number us among the subscribers. 你可以把我们算在订阅人之内。 Number him among my friends. 把他算作我的朋友。 7. repeatvt. 1. 重复；反复；再说 say or do something again: Please repeat what I said. 请把我说的话再重复一遍。 I repeat that we cannot undertake the task. 我再次表示我们不能承担这项任务。 We repeated the experiment and got the same result. 我把试验又重做了一遍，结果仍然一样。 You must try to learn from your mistakes and not repeat them. 你必须从错误中吸取教训，别再重犯。 2. 把（别人的话）讲出去 tell other people what someone has told you: If I tell you a secret, you must promise not to repeat it. 如果我告诉你一个秘密，你必须保证不说出去。 Please dont repeat this to anybody. 请不要把此事告诉别人。 3. 背诵 to say what has been learnt: Can you repeat the text? 你能背诵那篇课文吗？ n. 重复；再做 doing something again: a repeat of television programme 电视节目重播 8. underlinevt. 1. 在（词、句子等）下面划线 draw a line under a word, sentence, etc: Underline all the sentences you do not know. 在你不懂的句子下面划一条线。 There are dozens of words and phrases underlined. 有许多单词和短语的下面划了线。 9. advicen. U 忠告；意见 what one says to help people; suggestion; opinion: I took my fathers advice and went to the station early. 我听从父亲的劝告，很早就去车站了。 Let me give you a piece of advice. 我给你进一句忠告吧。 friendly advice 友好的忠告 legal advice 律师意见 medical advice 医生的劝告；医嘱 verbal advice 口头劝告 advice of foreign experts 外国专家的意见 accept ones advice 接受某人的意见；听从某人的劝告 ask for advice 征求意见 follow ones advice 遵从某人的嘱咐 give advice 提出意见；提出劝告 offer advice 提出意见；提出劝告 seek advice 征求意见 reject ones advice 拒绝某人的劝告 10. elseadv. 其他，另外，此外，别的 besides, as well, differently: I dont know the answer, you must ask somebody else. 我不知道答案，你得问别人。 Nobody else understands me as well as you do. 别人没有一个象你这样了解我的。 What else do you see? 你看到别的东西吗？ Where else did you go ? 你还到哪儿去了？ Who else is coming ? 还有谁来？ Ive taken somebody elses umbrella. 我把别人的雨伞拿走了。 or else: if not 否则 You must leave now, or else youll be late. 你必须现在走，要不然会迟到的。 Be careful or else you will make a mistake. 小心，否则你会犯错误。 11. mistaken. C 错误，过失 something that you do or say wrongly: I looked over the notes and found some mistakes. 我把笔记检查一遍，发现了一些错误。 I made three mistakes in my English examination. 英语考试我错了三处。 Dont make any mistake about me. 不要对我有任何误解。 I dont like to speak French because Im afraid of making mistakes. 我不爱讲法语，因为我怕讲错。 I will make no mistake about it. 这一点我不会弄错。 an awful (=a terrible) mistake 可怕的错误 common mistakes 常见的错误 a fatal(=vital)mistake 致命的错误 a glaring mistake 大错 a grave mistake 严重的错误 an inexcusable mistake 不可原谅的错误 a ridiculous(=silly)mistake 可笑的错误 an unfortunate mistake 不幸的错误 beyond mistake 确信无疑 mistake between us 我们之间的一个误会 mistakes in grammar 语法错误 admit a mistake 承认错误 avoid mistakes 避免错误 detect(=find out)mistakes 发现错误 eradicate mistakes 消除误会 make a mistake 犯错误 rectify (=correct) a mistakes 改正错误 repeat the mistake of 重犯的错误 vt. 误解，误会，弄错 have the wrong idea: She mistook the meaning of your letter. 他误解了你的信的意思。 You mistake, Mr. Smith. 史密斯先生，你弄错了。 I mistook the road. 我走错了路。 mistake.for. 把误认为 Jim is often mistaken for his brother. 吉姆常被看错为他哥哥。 I mistook the stick for a snake. 我把这根棍子看作蛇了。 12. notebookn. 笔记本 a book for taking notes: I have a notebook. 我有一本笔记本。 Buy a notebook to use in classes. 买本笔记本在课堂上用。 13. groupn. 1. C 批；群 collection of several things or people together: A group of children are singing. 一群孩子在唱歌。 I am going on holiday with a group of friends. 我将要和一群朋友一起度假期。 The boys go to school in groups. 男孩们成群结队地上学去。 A group of Italian soldiers were advancing slowly toward the position of the enemy. 一队意大利士兵慢慢地朝敌人阵地前进。 in groups 一群一群地 a group of visitors 一群来访者 2. C 小组；团体 club for people who have a special interest: The pupils of the class fall into four groups. 这班学生编成四个组。 a drama group 戏剧组 a study group 学习小组 14. newspapern. 报纸 a printed paper daily or weekly: We read the newspaper every day. 我们每天读报。 Will you get me a newspaper when youre out? 你出去顺便给我捎份报纸好吗？ The newspaper carries an important article. 报上刊登一篇重要文章。 The Guardian and Daily Telegraph are newspapers. 卫报和每日电讯报都是报纸。 a college newspaper 大学学报 daily newspaper 日报 a financial newspaper 金融报 a wall newspaper 墙报 clip newspapers 剪报 keep newspapers 保存报纸 keep the matter out of the newspaper 不让报上刊登这件事 print 43 daily newspapers 印刷43种日报 publish a newspaper 出版一种报纸 run a newspaper 经营一种报纸 subscribe for a newspaper 订报 take in a newspaper (buy or receive a newspaper regularly) 订（阅）报纸 unfold a newspaper 打开报纸 a newspaper man (a journalist) 新闻记者 the newspaper said that . 报上说 Its going to be a cold winter, or so the newspaper says. 今天冬天将会很冷，至少报纸上是这么说的。 15. radion. 1. C 收音机 an electric instrument with which you can listen to broadcast： I dont like watching television but I enjoy listening to the radio. 我不喜欢看电视，但是喜欢听收音机。 We took a radio with us to listen to the news. 我们带了一架收音机以便听新闻。 I heard it on (over) the radio. 我从收音机中听到的。 turn on the radio 开收音机 2. U 无线电传送（广播） sending peoples voices, music and other sounds a long way through the air by special waves： We are listening to the radio. 我们正在听无线电广播。 radio beam 无线电向性电波 radio control 无线电控制 vt. 无线电发送（广播） send a message by radio： The pilot radioed the airport for help. 驾驶员用无线电向机场求援。 We must radio the message at once. 我们应当立刻用广播将信息传出去。 16. improvevt. 改进；改善；增进 become better; make someone or something better: We should improve the living conditions of the people. 我们应改善人民生活。 These greatly improved their working conditions. 这些大大改善了他们的劳动条件。 He has improved his work a lot. 他大大地改进了他的工作。 It will help to improve your speaking. 这会帮助提高你的口语能力。 Were feeling for a way to improve our work. 我们正在摸索改进工作的方法。 The important thing is how we can improve our studies. 重要的是怎样才能改进我们的学习。 vi. 变得更好；变得更加完美 become better or more perfect: Mary was ill, but the doctor says that she has improved. 玛丽病了，但医生说她已经好些了。 I hope the weather will improve. 我希望天气会好转。 Your handwriting has improved. 你的书法已有所改进。 The lives of the working people are improving every day. 劳动人民生活水平日益提高。 You are certainly improving in your spelling. 你一定要改进你的拼写能力。 17. otheradj. 1. 别的；另外的；对面的 not the same, opposite: There are some other people waiting to see you. 还有另外一些人等着要见你。 He walked across the road to the other side. 他穿过马路到了对面。 Have you any other book on this subject? 你还有别的关于这个题目的书吗？ 2. 其余的；剩下的 remaining: Tom is reading in his room, but the other boys are playing on the playground. 汤姆在他的房间内读书，但是其余的男孩子在操场上玩。 Where are the other books? 其他的书在哪里？ pron. 另外的人或物；他人 someone or something that is not the same: This book is mine and the other is Adrians. 这本书是我的，另一本是艾德里安的。 You should care for others. 你应当关心别人。 Some of us like singing and dancing, others go in for sports. 我们中有些喜欢唱歌跳舞，而另一些人则喜爱运动。 He came in time, but the others were late. 他按时来了，可是其他的人迟到了。 Smith among others, was there. 在场的人中，还有史密斯。 I have two cats; one is black and the other is white. 我有两只猫，一黑，一白。 But there are so many others to choose from. 但还有那么多另外的人可供选择呢。 and not a few others 还有不少其他的人 a good many others 许多其他的人 no other than this 正是这个 among others 在其他东西（人）中 in other words 换句话说 speak ill of others 说别人坏话 no other than 不是别人（或物）而正是 do good to others 为别人做好事 adv. 用其他的方法；另外 otherwise; differently 18. shyadj. 害羞；腼腆 not sure about yourself; not find it easy to talk to new people: He doesnt talk much, does he? No, hes shy. 他说话不多，是吗？是的，他怕生。 The shy boy blushed as I spoke to him. 当我跟他说话时，害羞的男孩子脸红了。 The boy is not at all shy with them. 这孩子和他们在一起一点也不害羞。 John is shy and dislikes parties. 约翰怕生且不喜欢参加社交集会。 She is shy of doing it. 她做那件事很胆怯。 a shy animal 易受惊的动物 19. wishvt. 1. 愿望；希望 to want, to desire: They wished to have closer cultural and economic links with us. 他们愿意和我们有更密切的文化和经济联系。 You know we wish you to be happy. 你知道我们希望你幸福。 If you wish for peace, prepare for war. 要和平，就得准备打仗。 She wished herself home. 她希望自己是在家里。 I wish I could be of some use. 我希望我能有点用处。 2. 但愿；要是就好了 want something impossible or unlikely: Dont you wish you were white? 难道你不愿你的肤色是白的吗？ I wish I could fly! 但愿我能飞！ I wish I could go with you (but I cant). 但愿我能够和你一起去就好了（但是我不能）。 How I wish it wasnt raining. 现在要是不下雨多好。 3. 祝愿；愿 hope that something will happen to someone: I wish you a pleasant journey. 祝你旅途愉快。 I wish you joy! 祝您快乐！ Lets wish you a long life. 祝你长寿。 I wish you luck! 祝你幸运！ vi. 愿意，希望 want, desire: We can set to work now if you wish. 要是你愿意，我们可以马上干起来。 It is not enough merely to wish for peace; we must strive for it. 只希望和平是不够的，我们一定要去争取它。 n. 1. U 想；打算 wanting: I have no wish to go. 我不想去。 It is my wish that you should do so. 我是想要你这么做的。 2. C 欲望；愿望；希望 what you want or desire: I hope your wish comes true. 我希望你的愿望能实现。 I have got my wish. 我如愿以偿了。 He obeyed his mothers wish. 他顺从了他母亲的意愿。 an earnest wish 热切的希望 ones constant wish 宿愿 with the best wishes for the happy New Year 祝新年快乐 a sincere and h