2019年北京市中考英语试题(含答案解析).docx

北京市 2019 年中考英语试卷一、单项填空从下面各题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Mr. Wang is coming to our school. I cant wait to see.A. her B. him C. it D. them【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意：王老师要来我们学校了，我迫不及待要看到他。 her 她，人称代词宾格； him 他，人称代词 宾格； it 它； them 他们，人称代词宾格。根据句意可知，这个空代指的是Mr. Wang，是男性，故应选 B。2.We planted some flowers the garden yesterday.A. on B. to C. in D. of【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意：昨天我们在花园里种植了一些花。 on 在 上面； to 到 ； in 在 里面； of的。根据句意 和常识可知，花应该种在花园里，故应选 C。3. Excuse me,.is this T-shirt? Its 88 yuan.A. how much B. how many C. how long D. how old【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意： -打扰一下，这件 T 恤衫多少钱？ -88 元。 how much 多少钱，提问价格；多少，提问数量， 修饰不可数名词； how many 多少，提问数量， 修饰可数名词； how long 多长时间； how old 多大，提问年龄。 根据下面的回答 Its 88 yuan 可知，这里问的是 T 恤衫的价格，故应选 A。4. Lily, _ you finish the letter in ten minutes? Yes, I can.A. must B. should C. need D. can【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意： -Lily，你可以在十分钟之后完成这封信吗？ -是的，我能。 must 必须； should 应该； need 需 要； can 能，可以。根据下面的回答 Yes, Ican 可知，一般疑问句也应用 can，故选 D。5.This cap is nice, it doesnt look good on me.A. for B. so C. but D. or【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意：这个帽子很漂亮，但是戴在我头上看起来不好看。 for 为了，因为； so 因此； but 但是； or 或者，否则。根据句意，空前is nice，空后是 doesnt look nice，前后是转折的关系，故应选 C。6.Julie takes good care of the family dog. She is than her brother.A. patient B. more patientC. most patient D. the most patient【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意： Julie 把家里的狗照顾得很好，她比她的弟弟更有耐心。patient 耐心的，形容词； more patient 更有耐心的； most patient 最有耐心的； the most patient 最有耐心的，最高级。根据句意和空后的 than 可知， 这里应用形容词的比较级，故选 B。7.Sam with his friends every weekend.A. skates B. is skating C. has skated D. was skating【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意： Sam 每个周末和他的朋友们去滑冰。 skates 滑冰，动词的第三人称单数形式； is skating 现在 进行时； has skated 现在完成时； was skating 过去进行时。根据句意和句中every weekend 可知，这里表达经 常性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语 Sam 是第三人称单数，故应选 A。8. Tom, whats your dad doing? He my bike.A. repairs B. will repair C. has repaired D. is repairing【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意： -Tom，你的爸爸在做什么？ -他正在修理我的自行车。 repairs 修理，第三人称单数形式； will repair 一般将来时； has repaired 现在完成时； is repairing 现在进行时。根据问题 whats your dad doing使用的 是现在进行时，答语中也应用现在进行时，故应选D。9.Our school life a lot since 2017. We have more activities now,A. changes B. changed C. will change D. has changed【答案】 D【解析】【详解】句意：自从2017 年我们的学校生活变化了很多，我们现在有更多的活动。 changes 改变，第三人称 单数形式； changed 是过去式； will change 一般将来时； has changed 现在完成时。根据句意和句中的时间状 语 since 2017 可知，该句表示过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，故选D。10.If you want to visit the Palace Museum, I tickets for you tomorrow.A. will book B. booked C. have booked D. was booking【答案】 A【解析】【详解】句意：如果你想要参观故宫博物院，我明天将会给你订票。 will book 一般将来时； booked 一般过 去时； have booked 现在完成时； was booking 过去进行时。句中 If 引导的是条件状语从句，从句中使用一般 现在时，主句应用一般将来时，故应选 A。11.My advice on how to save paper by my class last Monday.A. accepts B. accepted C. was accepted D. is accepted【答案】 C【解析】【详解】句意：我的关于怎样节省纸的建议上周一被我的班级接受了。 accepts 接受，第三人称单数形式； accepted 过去式； was accepted 一般过去时的被动语态； is accepted 一般现在时的被动语态。根据句意可知， 该句的主语 My advice 与动词 accept 构成被动关系，应用被动语态，故先排除A 和 B；根据句中的时间状语 last Monday 可知，应用一般过去时，故选 C。12. Did you notice . in her office? Yes. She was going over our writing.A. what was Miss Lin doing B. what Miss Lin was doingC. what does Miss Lin do D. what Miss Lin does【答案】 B【解析】【详解】句意： -你注意林小姐在干什么了吗？ -是的，她正在检查我们的写作。 what was Miss Lin doing 林 小姐在干什么， 疑问语序； what Miss Lin was doing陈述语序； what does Miss Lin do林小姐是干什么的； what Miss Lin does 陈述语序。根据句子结构可知，这里考查的是宾语从句，从句中应用陈述语序，故先排除 A 和 C。根据答语 She was going over our writing 可知，这里问的是过去正在做的事情，应用过去进行时，故 选 B。二、完形填空阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选择最 佳选项。Run for Class PresidentTwo months ago, when our class election(选举) started, I decided to run for class president. I enjoyed speakingin public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win. But I was _ 13_that people would feel bad for me if I lost.I was busy preparing in the following week. My plan wasnt to make promises to do things I couldnt 14_ but to show my class why I wanted to be president. I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem. Since I was _ 15_prepared, I felt that my chances of winning were strong.However, when I gave my speech on Election Day, the response (反应) wasnt what I had 16_. Few people actually listened. When it was my opponents (对手的)turn, everyone was screaming his name. His speech was short, but all to the point. By then, I realized I should have made mine shorter and clearer.It was obvious who would _ 17_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through.My 18_ was right: I didnt win.The next day, people were still talking about the election. I just pretended假(装) not to hear. But later, things got better. People 19_about the election and talked to me just as they did before.I dont regret putting time and energy into the election because Ive learned that things arent always going the way I expect. And moments of failure like this build20_since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.13. A. bored B. afraid C. excited D. hopeful14. A. compare B. remember C. manage D. repeat15. A. fully B. quickly C. freshly D. physically16. A. feared B. faced C. mentioned D. pictured17. A. insist B. return C. wait D. win18. A. suggestion B. prediction C. direction D. introduction19. A. forgot B. wrote C. cared D. discussed20. A. trust B. pride C. character D. support【答案】 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. D 17. D 18. B 19. A 20. C【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者记叙了两个月前他参加竞选班长的经历，他为了这个竞选做了充分的准备，以为胜券在握，但事实并非如此，他的竞争对手最后赢得了竞选。通过这件事作者学到了很多，他并不后悔为此付出的精 力和时间，经历失败会让他变得更加坚强。【13 题详解】句意： 但是我害怕如果我输了， 人们会为我难过。 考查形容词辨析， bored 感到无聊的； afraid 害怕的； excited 兴奋的； hopeful 有希望的。根据上句话 I enjoyed speaking in public and got along well with people, so I felt it easy to win.和句中that people would feel bad for me if I lost可.知，作者自己感觉没什么，但是“害怕人们会为他 难过”，故应选 B。【14 题详解】句意：我的计划不是承诺去做我无法做到的事情，而是向全班展示我为什么想要成为班长。考查动词辨析， compare 对比； remember 记得， 记住； manage 设法做到， 管理； repeat 重复。 根据句意 My plan wasnt to make promises to do things可知，作者不承诺去做自己做不到的事情，故应选C。15 题详解】句意：既然我做了充分的准备，我感觉我获胜的机会非常大。考查副词辨析，fully 充分地； quickly 快速地； freshly 新近，气味清新地； physically 身体上地。根据上文 I put up my posters in hallways and in the classroom. I also spent three hours writing my speech, saying that I was the one they could turn to whenever they had a problem 可知，作者为竞选做了充分的准备。故应选A。【16 题详解】句意：然而，当我在选举日那天做演讲 时候，得到的回应与我想象的不同。考查动词辨析， feared 畏惧，害怕； faced 面对； mentioned 提到，提及； pictured 想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的的。故应选 D。【17 题详解】句意：谁会赢是很明显的。考查动词辨析， insist 坚持； return 归还，回来； wait 等待； win 赢。根据文意和 下文 My _6_ was right: I didnt win.可知，作者在参加一个班长的竞选，因此这里应表示“赢得竞选”， 故应选 D。【18 题详解】句意： 我的预测是对的： 我没有赢。考查名词辨析，suggestion 建议；prediction 预测；direction 方向；introduction 介绍。根据上文 It was obvious who would _5_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through可.知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是 对的”，选 B。【19 题详解】句意：人们忘记了选举的事，像以前一样和我说话。考查动词辨析， forgot 忘记； wrote 写； cared 关心，在 乎； discussed 讨论。根据语境 But later, things got better. and talked to me just as they did b efore.可知，后来 人们就慢慢忘记了竞选的事，又和以前一样了。故应选A。【20 题详解】句意： 像这样的失败的时刻会塑造性格从那以后， 我学会了面对失望， 变得更加坚强。 考查名词辨析。 trust 相信，信任； pride 骄傲； character 性格； support 支持。根据空后 since then Ive learned to face disappointment and grown stronger.可知，经历失败，作者变得更加坚强，所以失败的经历能塑造性格。故应选C。【点睛】这是一篇记叙文，短文作者记叙了自己参加竞选班长的经历，短文按照时间顺序记叙，叙述清晰、 完整，最后点明了自己从这次经历中学到的东西。内容贴近学生们的日常生活，比较容易理解。题型是完 形填空，考查学生们在具体语境中运用语言的能力，综合性较强。做题时，应先通读短文，了解大意；然 后根据上下文语境做题，先易后难，注意空前后的固定搭配，并仔细辨析选项中每个单词的意思和用法； 最后将答案代入原文，再读一遍，检查答案是否正确。例如第4 小题，考查动词辨析， feared 畏惧，害怕； faced 面对； mentioned 提到，提及； pictured 想象。根据句意可知，现场的反应与作者想象的是不同的。故 应选 D。这个题目学生们要特别注意 picture 这个词作动词的意思，因为学生们对这个词主要记住的是名词 的意思。再如第6 小题，考查名词辨析， suggestion 建议； prediction 预测； direction 方向； introduction 介绍。根据上文 It was obvious who would 5_. For the rest of the day, I felt like it was over. I wanted to just go home and cry, but I made it through可.知，作者已经猜到了谁会赢得这次竞选。故这里应表示“我的预测是对的”， 选 B。三、阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，选择最 佳选项。AExperiencing ChinaMike, CanadaI spent three months with my host family(接待家庭) in China. It was a lifetime experience. I was able to experienceChinese living and culturefrom basic Tai Chi to Beijing Opera. I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital. Now I have abetter understanding of Chinese culture.Joanna, AustraliaI stayed with my host family for five months. My host mother is a Chinese teacher and she is really warm-hearted.With her helpmy Chinese has improved a lot. And I have got used to a new culture. My favorite part of the experience was sharingmy feelings in China with her.Bill, AmericaMy host mother is a wonderful cook! She makes me all kinds of traditional Chinese dishes. They are tasty and I likethem very much. Just like memy host parents love to learn about different cultures. They often ask me questions about life in America.Cindy, GermanyRecently I took part in a program to study Chinese. I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sisteris a really hardworking student. It was amazing to see how she made progress in English. And a close relationship hasdeveloped between us.21. Who visited a traditional Chinese medicine hospital?A. Mike. B. Joanna. C. Bill. D. Cindy.22. How long did Joanna stay with her host family in China?A. Three months. B. Four months.C. Five months. D. Six months.23. Cindy thinks her host sister is .A. a wonderful cook B. a responsible doctorC. a warm-hearted teacher D. a hardworking student【答案】 21. A 22. C 23. D【解析】随着中国在世界上影响力的提高，越来越多的外国学生来到中国学习。短文中的这几名学生就来自不同的 国家，但他们都有在中国学习的经历。在文中他们讲述了自己对这次经历的感受。【21 题详解】细节理解题。由题干中 a traditional Chinese medicine hospital 可定位至短文第一段中 I even visited a famous traditional Chinese medicine hospital.这句话，再找到文章的开头 Mike Canada 可知， Mike 参观了著名了中医 医院。故应选 A。【22 题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的人名 Joanna 可定位到短文第二段，根据第一句话 I stayed with my host family for five months.可知，她和她的寄宿家庭一起待了五个月。故应选C。【23 题详解】细节理解题。根据题干中的人名 Cindy 可定位到短文第四段，根据 I lived with a host family in China for six months. My host sister is a really hardworking student可.知， Cindy 觉得寄宿姐姐是一个非常用功的学生。由此 可知应选 D。B,Blue LightningSally loved cars more than anything else. This spring she thought of building a go-kart to enter for the Go-Go Race. So she asked her dad for help.“Well,” he said. “How about this: you do some research first and then come back to me with a design.”A week later Sally brought her notes and drawings to Dad. She named her go-kart “Blue Lightning” . Dad looked over her work, thinking. “Well, thats interesting,” he said. “Have a try. Just build Blue Lightning as youvedesigned.”Over three weekends of hard work, Sally turned her design into a real, working go-kart and painted it light blue. Dad asked her to take it for a test drive. Sally agreed.After she did that, Sally drove back to Dad. “Well,” she said. “Now I know why you wanted me to have a test drive.”“Oh, do you?” he said. “Please share.”“When I drove fast, there was a lot of pushback,” she said. “I think its because of the lightning bolt (闪电) shape.”“Very good!” Dad said.“So, why didnt you tell me about that problem in the first place?” Sally asked.Dad laughed. “Wheres the fun in that? If you give a man a fish, hell eat for a day. But if you teach a man to fish, hell eat for a lifetime.”Sally said, “I see. Anyway, designing is half the fun !”Dad smiled. “Good. Sometimes, learning happens during the process. We learn how to do something right by doing it a few times first and making mistakes along the way.”That encouraged Sally and she worked even harder. When she showed Dad her new go-kart, he nodded with pride.Finally came the race. Sally wasnt worried about whether she would winin her mind, she had already won, by building something better than ever before.24. Sally thought of building a go-kart to .A. practice driving B. enter for a raceC. play with friends D. do some research25. What did Sallys dad ask her to do after she built the go-kart?A. To have a test drive. B. To take a good rest.C. To give it a cool name. D. To paint it light blue.26. Sallys story mainly tell