初中英语句型转换技巧课件省公开课金奖全国赛课一等奖微课获奖PPT课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,2021/10/3,#,1,节节,高教育在线,句型,转换与翻译技巧,年,12,月,1/25,2,句型转换,“句型转换”题主要有两大类：一是基本句式转换；二是同义句转换,。,基本句式转换,一、基本句式转换主要是指,“,必定句、否定句、普通疑问句、特殊疑问句、反意疑问句和选择疑问句、祈使句、感叹句,”,转换。,1.,必定句、否定句和普通疑问句转换,（,1,）含有,be,动词,（,am,is,are,was,were),、助动词,(do,does,did),和情态动词,(can,could,should,will,would,may,might,),句子；,必定句改为否定句：直接在,be,动词、助动词、情态动词后面加,not,必定句,改为普通疑问句时，一律将,be,动词、助动词和情态动前移到句首（首字母大写）,必定回答用“,Yes”,；否定回答用“,No”,。“,Yes”,或“,No”,后面主语必须用代词，“,No”,后面必须用否定缩略式。,（,2,）只有行为动词句子。,2/25,牛刀小试,改为否定句：,There are some pay phones on that street.,Tony will travel around the world.,He can cook Chinese food.,改为普通疑问句，并作必定、否定回答,There is a hotel next to my school.,Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.,We are cleaning the room now,.,.,3,3/25,句型转换,（,2,）只含有行为动词句子,必须借助助动词,do,；,does,；,did,改为否定句时，直接在行为动词后面加,dont,（普通现在时态，主语是除第三人称单数之外人称和数时），,doesnt,(,普通现在时态，主语是第三人称单数时），,didnt,（普通过去时态）,改为普通疑问句时，在句首加,Do,Does,或,Did,。,必定回答用“,Yes”,，后面动词用,do,；,does,或,did”,；,否定回答用“,No”,，后面动词用,dont,；,doesnt,；,didnt,。,4,4/25,牛刀小试,改为否定句,Mary often plays sports after dinner.,Alice attends the lecture once a week.,Mike drew a picture on the blackboard.,改为普通疑问句,The children like playing games,Mary usually goes to school on foot.,Tom went to London yesterday,5,5/25,句型转换,2.,特俗疑问句转换,把句子转换为特殊疑问句，首先要确定划线部分“疑问词”，,人、物、时间、地点、原因、数量,等分别用,：,who,；,whom,；,whose,；,what,；,when,；,where,；,why,；,how,；,how many,；,how much,；,how often,；,how old,；,how long,等。将相对应疑问词放在句首，其余部分改为普通疑问句形式，就是特殊疑问句。改完后要注意检验句首首字母大写和句尾标点符号。,6,6/25,练习,对划线部分提问,The teachers had a meeting,yesterday,.,The postage is,three Yuan and six Jiao.,They helped the old lady clean her house,once a week.,Its going to be,cloudy,tomorrow.,The students are planting trees,on the hills,now.,7,7/25,句型转换,3.,选择疑问句和反意疑问句转换,改为选择疑问句时，只需注意依据句子内容用“,or”,连接两个并列成份就能够了。,反意疑问句结构是“陈说句简短问句”，我们必须记住：“前面必定；后面否定”和“前面否定；后面必定”规律和简短问句主语必须用代词要求。,Tom likes playing football,，,doesnt he,？,Xiao Hong didnt like singing,，,did she,？,注意：祈使句反意疑问句，普通都用,will you,？以,Lets,开头普通用,shall we,？,8,8/25,练习,完成以下反意疑问句,Im late,_ _?,Theres something wrong,_ _?,There is nothing wrong,_ _?,Someone went there,_ _?,You will have an interesting life.(,用,a dull life,改为选择疑问句,),_ you have an interesting life _ a dull life?,Lucy is a student,Lily is a doctor,（改为选择疑问句）,9,9/25,句型,4.,祈使句和感叹句转换,改为祈使句，必须记住：必定祈使句，是原形动词开头，否定祈使句是“,Dont”,开头，后跟原形动词。（主语是,I,或,we,时，句子开头用,let me,或,lets,）如：,1,You should remember his telephone number,改为：,Remember his telephone number,，,please,改为感叹句，必须记住，强调是名词，句首用,What,，,What,后名词前能够有形容词；强调是形容词或副词，句首用,How,，后面必须紧跟形容词或副词，如：,The park is beautiful,改为：,What a,beautiful park,！,或：,How,beautiful the park is,！,10,10/25,练习,改为祈使句,You should do homework.,Can you close the window.,You couldnt use my dictionary.,改为感叹句,(,分别用,what,和,how),The weather is fine,The flower is so sweet,The student is very hard-working.,11,11/25,句型转换,同义句转换,1.,简单句之间转换,技巧：,逐一翻译后，与原句进行对照，看缺乏了哪个词或哪部分意思，然后再用与其意思相近词、词组或句型去替换。,（所以，在学习中要掌握尽可能多同义词，平时多注意）比如：,They will get to London in four days.,They will,reach,London in four days.,The runner couldnt catch up with the others in the race.,The runner,fell behind,the others in the race.,The snow was heavy last night,It,snowed heavily,last night,.,.,.,12,12/25,句型转换,2.,二合一并成简单句,就是,把两个并列句中成份相同,部分,用连词,合并起来，常见连词有,neither nor,either or,both and,not only but also,enough to,tooto,，,so.that,as soon as,其中红色字体部分通常遵照就近标准，即谓语需依据后面那个主语保持,一致。,如：,He hasnt been to France.She hasnt been to France,either.,Neither,he,nor,she has been to France.,Mrs Smith is my teacher.She is also my good friend.,Mrs Smith is,not only,my,teacher,but also,my good friend,13,13/25,句型转换,3.,简单句,与复合句,交换,(1),用不定式、介词短语、名词短语,、,分,词性短语替换；（,2,）将宾语从句简化为“疑问词,+,不定式”；（,3,）将,so that(such that ),引导状语从句简化为含有,too to (,或,enough to),简单句；（,4,）,if,引导状语从句简化为“祈使句，,and(or)+,句子”。比如：,I hope that I can see you soon.,I,hope to see,you again,Please tell me where we show our tickets.,Please tell me,our tickets,.,If you dont hurry up,youll miss the early bus,you,wont,the early bus,.(,两种方法）,.,14,14/25,句型转换,4.,语态,之间转换,语态,之间转换主要用于主动语态和被动语态之间改变。比如：,Your,classroom must be cleaned every day.,You,your classroom every day.,2,We can store a lot of information in the computer.(,改为被动语态,),A lot of information _ _ stored in the computer,15,15/25,阶段,练习,1,This is the most boring journey that I have ever heard of.,I have _ heard of _ a boring journey,before.,2,My father seems to be very angry.,_ seems that my father _ very angry,.,3,The man made his baby laugh.,The baby was _ _,laugh.,4,The captain is the happiest of all the players.,The captain is _ _ any other,player.,16,16/25,阶段练习,5,Taking exercise often can make you healthy.,Its good _ your _to take exercise often,.,6,Hurry up,and youll be on time for the party.,_ you _ hurry,youll be late for the party,.,7,It is five years since he left his hometown,.,He has _ _ from his hometown for five years,.,8,That lady is my new English teacher.She is wearing red clothes.,The lady _ _ is my new English,teacher,.,17,17/25,阶段练习,9,I spent four hundred yuan in buying that recorder.,That,recorder _ _ four hundred,yuan.,10,There are more people in America than in England.,The,_ in America is _than _ in,England.,11.He,cant decide where he should stay for the night.,He cant decide _ _ _ for the night,.,12,The film began at 2:00 p.m.and ended at 4:30 p.m.,The film _ two and a half _.,18,18/25,19,翻译解题技巧,19/25,技巧篇,第一步,，先读一下汉语句子，了解这个句子所要表示意思,。并找出,句子主语和,谓语。,第二步,，跳过空格读一下已给出那一部分内容，然后再仔细分析一下要求翻译英语。,第三步,，观察一下要求翻译汉语，然后联想一下相关词汇和句型，再考虑语态、时态,、词形,改变、主语与谓语数,一致性等,问题,。,第四,步,，依据空格数填词。,第五,步,，将,已填好句子再读一遍，从时态、语态、词形、数一致等方面检验,一下。,20,20/25,技巧篇,翻译题，重在平时积累。那么，平时应该怎么做呢？,1,熟练掌握惯用词和词组使用方法。,2,熟练掌握各种句型结构。,3,掌握语法知识。,4,熟读课文，因为有些题可能会出自课文原文。,5,平时要加强这类题训练。,总之，平时还是要多读多背,21,21/25,练习篇,1.,从,现在开始，我们应该愈加努力学习。,We should study harder,_,（,3,个空）,2,一百年以后，中国将发生什么样巨大改变？,（四个空）,What great changes will take place in China,_,？,3.,你,能把你自行车借给我吗,？（五个空）,Can,you _,？,4.,他,正在花园里浇花,。（四个空）,He _ in the,garden.,5.,我们应该尽最大努力尽快赶上发达国家,。,(3,个空）,We,should _ to catch up with the developed countries as soon as possible,6.,珍爱自己，远离不健康书。,Take,good care of yourself and _ bad books,22,22/25,练习篇,即使很累了，工人们继续努力工作着。,Though they were tired,the workers _ _ _ hard.,下个星期将有一场足球比赛。,There _ _ a football match next,week.,我,自行车出了毛病。,Something is _ _ my bike,.,Mr.Brown,是如此激动，以至于说不出话来。,Mr.Brown is _ excited _ say a word.,一,到家，金太太就去睡觉了。,_ _ _ she got home,Mrs.King went to bed,.,为何,不跟我们一起去钓鱼呢？,Why _ _ _ with us?,23,23/25,练习篇,1.,该,看篮球赛了。,2,.,你,最好不要躺在床上看书。,3.,母亲,天天晚上花两个小时为我们做饭。,4.,老师,让我们课后用英语交谈。,5.,露,丝不喜欢早晨喝牛奶,。,6.,你,想今天下午和我们一起踢球吗？,7.,请,你把收音机关上好吗？,8.,这,本书非常有趣，大家都想看。,9.,在,婴儿睡觉时候，请保持平静。,10,.,哥哥,和我对电影都不感兴趣。,24,升级训练,24/25,The,A,nwser,1.Its time to watch the basketball match.2.Youd better not read in bed.3.It takes mother 2 hours to cook(do the cooking,),for every evening.4.The teacher asked us to talk in English after class.5.Rose doesnt like drinking milk in the morning,.,6,.Would you like to play football with us this afternoon?7.Will you please turn off the radio?8.The book is so interesting that everyone wants to read it.9.Please keep quiet when the baby is sleeping.10.Neither my brother nor I am interested in movies.(Both my brother and I arent interested in movies.),25,25/25,