全国卷高三英语专题七选五解题技巧-(1).doc

一对一辅导教案
学生姓名

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年级
高三
学科
英语
授课教师

上课时间
年 月 日
第（ ）次课
共（ ）次课
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教学课题
七选五
教学目标
掌握高考七选五做题技巧
教学重点与难点
学会分析短文留空位置，并根据留空项的不同特点选出正确选项

一．根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略
1) 空格为标题
标题的特点就是短小精悍，且多为名词性短语或祈使句
2)空格出现在段首
通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。
3)空格出现在段中
这时要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案。
3)空格出现在段尾
通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore, as a result, thus, hence, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

例题精讲：
例1
_______________
Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.
● Location
● Keeping Things in Order

A. Attitude Is Everything.
B. Bring Organization into Your Home.
C. Here are several ways to choose a location.
D. Building a Good Home Learning Environment.
E. Hold a can-do attitude and your child will follow your example.
F. Setting up a space in a common area of your home can be a good idea for children.
G. A child who learns to organize his spare will carry organization into every corner of his life

解析：答案选D，选项中的Home Learning与短文中的home，study相对应。

例2
16 You don’t show your secret personality when you are awake because you can control your behavior, but when you are asleep，your sleeping position shows the real you．
A. You’re quite shy and you aren’t quite sure of yourself．
B. You know your strengths and weakness．
C. Normally people seldom change their sleeping position
D. Everyone has got two personalities—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real．
E. Maybe you don’t want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up.
F. You usually live for today not tomorrow．
G. In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their positions

解析：答案选D，选项中的personalities，secret，real与短文secret personality, real相对应。

例3
If you sleep on your side, yon have usually got a well—balanced personality. 20 . You’re usually careful. You believe in yourself. Yon sometimes feel anxious, but you don’t often get sad. You always say what you think even if it makes people rather angry.
A. You’re quite shy and you aren’t quite sure of yourself
B. You know your strengths and weakness
C. Normally people seldom change their sleeping position
D. Everyone has got two personalities—the one that is shown to the world and the other that is secret and real
E. Maybe you don’t want to make friends with a person who sleeps curled up
F. You usually live for today not tomorrow
G. In a normal night，of course，people frequently change their positions

解析：答案选B，选项中的strengths，weakness与短文a well—balanced personality, careful, anxious相对应。

例4
Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process. 18 ．
A.Use words, not complete sentences.
B. There are three practical note-taking methods.
C. You must write your notes on separate paper.
D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.
E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.
G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

解析：答案选F，选项中的That means，decide与短文selective process相对应。

二．根据不同的衔接手段确定解题策略
词汇连接
1. 代词   
英语表达中的代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。
2. 同义词/近义词   
英语前言后语之间往往有同义词、近义词、近义表达语甚至相同词汇的重复使用，这是我们解题的一个很好的判断线索。
3. 上下义词/同一范畴词 
所谓上下义词就是指前者包含了后者，或可以说后者是前者的一个子集。如apple和orange之间则同一范畴的关系，都属于fruit。利用前后句中这样的特殊的同义关系常常可以很轻松地解题。 
4)数字线索
 包括具体数字以及和数字相关的词汇诸如numbers, rate等等。作者列出数字，除了和其他数字进行对比和比较之外，还可以用数据来说明一个观点。

例题精讲：

例1
Homework is an important part of a student’s education. 19 . They worry that a lighter homework load will put kids at a disadvantage.
A. If so, think again.
B. There are a number of kids who have no homework.
C. These numbers have remained the same since 1984.
D. Teachers give two reasons for assigning a lot of homework.
E. It is still an increase in the amount of time spent on homework.
F. Some teachers argue that homework prepares kids for state tests and for college.
G. For example, a third-grader should have 30 minutes of homework, a fifth-grader 50 minutes, and so on.

解析：答案选F，选项中的some teachers与短文they相对应。

例2
Don’t wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don’t see things the same way. 18 Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.
A.Why should you forgive?
B. How should you start to forgive?
C. Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.
D. Try to see things from you offender’s angle.
E. For some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.
F. To make your anger die away, try a simple stress-management technique.
G. If you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.

解析：答案选G，选项中的wait for people to apologize与短文Don’t wait for an apology相对应。

例3
18 Let's take jam as an example. Some strawberry-flavored jam was labeled as containing no artificial colors, flavors, or sweeteners, but it contained absolutely no strawberries at all.
A. The products which contain real fruit are popular with people．
B. Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit．
C. They found that about 60 percent of them didn’t contain any fruit at all．
D. If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so．
E. It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products．
F. Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all．
G. The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.

解析：答案选B，选项中的fruit与短文Let's take jam as an example. strawberries相对应。

例4
Researchers analyzed the contents of 28 strawberry-flavored products sold in stores. 17 Of the 11 products that did contain strawberries, five of them contained less than one percent real fruit．
A. The products which contain real fruit are popular with people．
B. Even products advertised as more natural often contained no fruit．
C. They found that about 60 percent of them didn’t contain any fruit at all．
D. If companies can cut their costs by using flavoring, they are likely to do so．
E. It is important and necessary to demand a small amount of flavoring in the products．
F. Actually the product contains just a tiny percentage of strawberry or even no fruit at all．
G. The Food Commission suggested all flavors used in a product should be listed on the packaging.

解析：答案选C，选项中的60 percent与短文28 strawberry-flavored products，11 products，one percent相对应。

.逻辑衔接
1. 并列与递进关系 
标志词： and, or, also, neither…nor…, either…or…, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way等
2. 转折让步关系   
标志词：but, however, on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of 等
3. 因果关系   
前后句的逻辑是因果关系，常见的逻辑表达有：because, for, since, as, consequently, be due to, for this reason 等。
4. 时间关系   
标志词： at first, at last, finally, firstly, to start with， later, next, second, secondly, then等

例题精讲：
例1
Tired office workers suddenly have more energy when they hear the pleasant sound of Muzak in the background. 19 Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.
A.Some people don‘t like Muzak.
B. The music gives them extra energy.
C. Music is playing in the background.
D. Factory workers produce 13 percent more.
E. Muzak tends to help people understand music better.
F. They get as much as $4 million a year if their songs are used.
G. Muzak is played in most of the big supermarkets in the world.

解析：答案选D，选项中的Factory workers，produce 13 percent more与短文Tired office workers，have more energy，Supermarket shoppers buy 38 percent more groceries.相对应。

例2
Most businesses seek to make a profit — that is, they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business. 16 . Commonly called nonprofits, these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.
A.Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.
B. In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.
C. Examples of nonprofit business include such organizations as social service agencies and may hospitals.
D. However, some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.
E. The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.
F. In the theory of business management, organization has two main aspects.
G. Planning in business management has three main aspects

解析：答案选D，选项中的However与短文make a profit, nonprofits相对应。

例3
Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well. 17 , so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.
A.You aren't like anybody else
B. You already do lots of things well
C. Turn your back on too many rules
D. Check the rules about dos and don'ts
E. Whatever the presentation, public speaking is tough
F .The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleep
G. So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse

解析：答案选B，由文中so，those可知。

例4
At first I was paid in candy. 17 I worked every day after school, and during the summer and on weekends and holidays from 8 a.m. to 7 p.m. My father helped me set up a bank account.
A.Later I received 50 cents an hour.
B. Before long, she let me sit there by myself.
C. I ended my selling a record amount of cosmetics.
D. Today I still carry that lesson with me: I listen to customers.
E. My grandma’s trust taught me how to handle responsibility.
F. Soon I found myself looking more beautiful than ever before.
G. Watching my money grow was more rewarding than anything I could have bought.

解析：答案选A，选项中的Later与短文At first相对应。

七选五解题技巧
一．根据试题所在位置确定不同；
1) 空格为标题，多为名词性短语或祈使句
2)空格出现在段首 ，通常是段落主题句
3)空格出现在段中，要根据空格前后的句子意思、备选选项的句子意思以及句子之间的逻辑关系来确定答案。
4)空格出现在段尾 ，通常是结论、概括性语句。

二．根据不同的衔接手段
1．词汇连接
1)  代词   
2) 同义词/近义词   
3) 上下义词/同一范畴词 
4) 数字线索
2.逻辑衔接
1). 并列与递进关系 
2). 转折让步关系   
3). 因果关系   
4). 时间关系   

1. Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to trusted adult, such as a parent or other relatives. __?__ They might have had similar problems, such as dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone.
E. You need to figure out what the problem is.
F. And don't forget about your friends

2. Some 40 years earlier, at the beginning of the 18th century, the French had founded another city just above the Mississippi delta, New Orleans. __?____. New Orleans is one of the great ports of the world, and one of the greatest terminals for both sea and river traffic.
A. It was the Mississippi that made the city what it is
B. Levees, high banks built of earth, hold back the flood waters
C. Therefore, as we know, it's the third longest river in the world

3. Parents should help their children understand money. ___?___ So you may start talking about money when your child shows an interest in buying things, candy or toys, for example.
D. Tell your child why he can—or cannot—have certain things.
E. Ask yourself what things that cost money are most important to you.
F. The best time to teach a child anything about money is when he shows an interest.

4.There are times in our lives such as when we have recently moved into a new town, or changed our jobs or schools. Such changes often leave us without a friend. ___?___ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.
D. Try not to find fault with your friends.
E. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
F. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.

5.Over the last 25 years, British society has changed a great deal – or at least many parts of it have. ____?_____ . Ideas about social class – whether a person is “working - class” or “middle - class” – are one area in which changes have been extremely slow.
A. Nowadays, a great deal has changed
B. As a result, differences in life – styles and attitudes came into existence
C. In some ways, however, very little has changed, particularly where attitudes are concerned

6.You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. __?___Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.
D. Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes later.
E. You will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.
F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

7. It is a good thing to stay in touch. However, try not to press your new friend with calls, messages or visits as this would likely wear him or her out and finally you may lose your friend. __?___ The best friendships are the ones that grow naturally.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch
C. So you will need to give your friend time to react to you.

8.A serious problem for today’s society is who should be responsible for the elderly and how to improve their lives. It is not only a financial problem but also a question of the system we want for our society. I would like to suggest several possible solutions to this problem.
First, employers should take responsibility for their retired employees. …
Another way of solving the problem is to return the responsibility to the individual. …
In addition, the government could take responsibility for the care of the elderly. …
____?____Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that some combination of these options may be needed to provide the care we hope to give to our elderly generations.
A. To sum up, all these options have advantages and disadvantages.
B. It’s unfair to let the social organization shoulder all the responsibility.
C. To make this possible, a percentage of profits should be set aside for this purpose.

一、选择正确选项
1______
     Home can be a great place for children to study. It's important to provide a workspace of their own where
they can read books or just write a letter to their friends.
     ● Location (位置) 
     2______ Kitchen and dining room are not so well suite for regular study, since books and pens get in the
way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set