仁爱英语七年级下知识点语言点汇总.doc

仁爱英语七年级下知识点语言点汇总
Unit 5 Our School Life
topic1       How do you go to school?
一、重点词语：
1. wake up    醒来，唤醒       get up   起床
go to school   去上学          go home 回家
go dancing / shopping / skating / swimming    去跳舞；购物、滑冰；游泳
go doing something 可用于表达去进行某种娱乐休闲活动。     
2.表示交通方式：                  
on foot 步行   by boat坐船   by ship坐船by air乘飞机   by plane乘飞机 by train  坐火车   by subway搭乘地铁   by car 坐小汽车     by bus坐公共汽车            by bike    骑自行车
3.take the subway / bus / car 搭乘地铁公共汽车；小汽车
4.drive a car to work = go to work by car  驾车去上班
  take a bus to work = go to work by bus   乘公共汽车去上班
  go to school on foot = walk to school       步行去上学
5. ride a bike / horse      骑自行车；骑马
6. after school / class              放学以后；下课以后
7. play the piano / guitar / violin   弹钢琴；吉他；小提琴
  play basketball / soccer / football   打篮球；踢足球；
  play computer games                             玩电脑游戏
 play with a computer 玩电脑    play\do sports      做运动
8. next to      紧挨着，在…旁边
9. on weekdays    在工作日        at weekends    在周末
10. have breakfast / lunch / supper / dinner / meals     吃早餐；中餐；晚餐；正餐；一日三餐
   have classes / lessons / a meeting      上课；上课；开会
11. watch TV / movies / games / the animals        看电视；电影；比赛；动物
   read novels / newspapers / books       看小说；报纸；书
12. wash one’s face       / clothes               洗脸；衣服
13. 反义词：up – down, early – late 
近义词：quickly – fast
   get up early 早起     be late for 迟到
14. 表示建筑物（尤其学校建筑物）：
on the playground    在操场     at school / home / table    学校；家里；桌旁
in a computer room / teachers’ office / classroom building / gym / library / lab / canteen       在电脑室；教师办公室；教学楼；体操馆；图书馆；实验室；食堂
15. around six o’clock = at about six o’clock 大约在六点
16. 频率副词：never, seldom, sometimes, often, usually, always
二、重点句型：
1. It’s time to get up.     该起床的时候了。
It’s time for breakfast. = It’s time to have breakfast = It’s time for having breakfast.该吃早饭了
2. You must go to school early.   你必须早点去上学。（主观因素造成“必须”）
       I have to wash my face quickly.           我不得不迅速地洗脸。（客观因素造成“必须”）
3. Happy New Year! The same to you! 新年快乐也祝你新年快乐！
4. How about you? = What about you?        你怎么样？
5. How do you usually go to school? I usually go to school by bike.
你通常怎样去上学？我通常骑自行车去上学。What do you usually do after school? I usually play computer games.
你通常放学做什么？我通常玩电脑游戏。
6. How does she usually go to work? She usually goes to work by car.       她通常怎样去上班？她通常开车去上班。
What does he usually do after class? He usually reads novels.
他通常下课后做什么？他通常看小说。
7. The early bird catches the worm!     早起的鸟儿有虫吃。/ 笨鸟先飞。
三、语法学习：复习一般现在时和现在进行时。
一般现在时：
1. 区别含有be动词和行为动词的肯定句式。
     I am at home.√    I stay at home.√   
I am stay at home. ×   She stay at home. ×
2. 一般疑问句、否定句表达的不同方式：
      Are you at home?      Yes, I am. No, I am not.         
I am not at home. 
Do you stay at home?       Yes, I do.  No, I don’t.        
 I don’t stay at home.
Does she stay at home? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
       She doesn’t stay at home.
3. 主语为第三人称单数时，谓语行为动词的变化。
     She plays computer games on Sundays.     
       She studies English every morning.
       She goes to school on weekdays.
       She has breakfast at 6:45.
4. 用法：
(1) 表示现在的状况：I am a teacher. You are student. They are in London.
(2) 表示经常的或习惯性的动作：I usually go to school on foot. She plays tennis every morning.
(3) 表示主语具备的性格和能力等：He likes playing basketball. They do the cooking.
现在进行时：
1. 基本句式结构：I am playing with a computer.
2. 现在分词构成法：
  go – going     play – playing      have – having  drive – driving      
    run – running         swim – swimming         begin – beginning
3. 用法：
1）表示现在正在进行的动作：She is having dinner. 她正在用餐。
2）方位动词的现在进行时可用来表示将要发生的动作：I’m going. 我要走了。

Topic 2 How often do you have an English class?
一、重点词语：
1. 学科名词：
政治
语文
数学
英语
历史
地理
生物
音乐
体育
美术
politics
Chinese
math
English
history
geography
biology
music
P.E.
Art
2. 一周七天名词：
星期日
星期一
星期二
星期三
星期四
星期五
星期六
Sunday
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
3. swimming pool 游泳池
4.listen to music 听音乐  go to the park 去公园
write letters写信                        go roller-skating 滑滑轮
go shopping 去购物   have an English class 上英语课  
meet friends 会见朋友   draw pictures 画画 
play sports 做运动     play computer games 玩电脑游戏
watch TV 看电视                  play soccer 踢足球
work on math problems           解答数学题            
take exercises 做运动learn about the past 学习历史   
learn how to read and write in Chinese 学着用中文读写
 play ball games with my classmates 和我的同班同学玩球类游戏
5. be good at = do well in 擅长于…  I am good at English. = I do well in English. 6. be different from 与…不同    
 the same as 与…相同 7. do outdoor activities 进行户外活动
8. every week 每周       each day=every day 每天  
three times a week 每周三次
9. do one’s best 尽力去做某事           do one’s homework 做家作
10. like doing something = love doing something 喜欢做某事 hate doing something 讨厌做某事
11. at half past six = at thirty past six = at six thirty六点半         at seven o’clock = at seven 在七点
at five fifteen = at fifteen past five = at a quarter past five五点十五分      
at fifteen to ten = at a quarter to ten = at nine forty-five 九点四十五分
12. for a little while 就一会儿
13. a student of Grade One 一年级的学生
14. eat out 出去吃,下馆子       15. get home 到家
二、重点句型：
1. Which place do you like best? I like the computer room best.你最喜欢哪个地方？我最喜欢电脑室。
2. Swimming is my favorite sport. = I like swimming best. 游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
3. Why do you think so? Because he likes sleeping. 你为什么这么想？因为他喜欢睡觉。
4. How often do you go to the library? Very often. 你经常去图书馆吗？经常。
5. Peter is good at soccer ball. 彼特擅长与足球。
6. My interest is different from theirs. 我的兴趣和他们的不一样。
7. How many lessons do you have every day? 你每天上多少节课？
8. What time is school over? 什么时候放学？
9. I try to do my best each day. 每天我都尽力做到最好。
三、语法学习：以How，Wh- 开头的疑问句。
疑问词：how often, how long, how soon, how old, how many, how much, how big, how heavy, how wide, how far, what, when, who, whose, whom, where, which, why, what color, what time, what class…
Topic3 I like the school life here.
一、重点词语：
1. learn…from 向…学习、
2. 名词单数转化复数：life – lives  shelf – shelves   
leaf – leaves   half – halves   life - lives
3. between… and… 在…与…之间
4.. get to school 到校          get home 到家
5. Here it is. = Here you are. 给你           and so on 等等
6. on time 按时         7. the school life 学校生活
8.most of them 他们大多数spare time空闲时间          
10. have a short rest 休息片刻
11. 名词变成形容词：wonder – wonderful, use – useful, care – careful, beauty - beautiful
interest – interesting        excite - exciting
二、重点句型：
1. Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校来。
2. What do you think of our school? It’s very nice. 你认为我们学校怎么样？它非常漂亮。
3. Let me find it on the computer first. 首先让我在电脑上找到它。
4. Wait a minute. = Just a minute.  等一等。
5. Mary can’t find her purse and we’re looking for it. 玛丽找不到她的钱包，我们正在找它。
6. Is there anything else in it? No, there isn’t.  里面还有别的吗？不，没有了。
7. Thank you anyway. = Thank you all the same. 仍然谢谢你。
Thank you for your hard work. 谢谢你们的努力工作  Thank you for asking me. 谢谢你邀请我。
8. Almost all the pupils walk or take a yellow school bus. 几乎所有的小学生都步行或坐黄色的校车。
  Very few pupils ride bikes. 很少小学生骑自行车。
  Most of them have lunch at school. 他们大部分在学校吃午饭。
9. I read them with great interest. 我带着极大的兴趣读它们。
10. We’ll let you know if we find yours. 如果我们找到你的（钱包）我们会让你知道的。
11. May I ask you some questions? Yes, please 我可以问你几个问题吗？
13. Where do you come from? I come from Australia. = Where are you from? I’m from Australia.
   你来自哪里？我来自澳大利亚。
14. How long can I keep it? Two weeks. 我能借多久？两个星期。
15. Do you have a problem? 你有问题吗？ 
三、语法学习：There is / are… 的学习。
1. 用法：表示存在。什么时间或者地点“有”什么东西
2. 几种基本句式：
There is a book and two pens on the desk. 桌上有一本书两支笔。
There are two pens and a book on the desk.桌上有两支笔一本书。
There isn’t a book on the desk. 桌上没有一本书。
There aren’t two pens on the desk. 桌上没有两支笔。
Is there a book on the desk? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t. 桌上有一本书吗？是的，有。不，没有。
Are there two pens on the desk? Yes, there are. No, there aren’t. 桌上有两支笔吗？是的，有。不没有。
3. 与have的区别：
I have a book. I don’t have a book. Do you have a book? Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
She has a book. She doesn’t have a book. Does she have a book? Yes, she does. No, she doesn’t.
Unit 6  Our Local Area
Topic 1  I have a nice house
一、词汇：
1.       in front of 在……的前面          next to 靠近
hear from sb. 收到某人的来信 go upstairs 上楼
2.  give back归还   for a while 一会儿
3.    have a look 看一看      put away 把……收起来      
4.  play with a ball 玩球   look after 照顾；照看；照料；
5.  on the second floor 在第二层
二、句型:
1.       Why not go upstairs and have a look?
 (1) go upstairs上楼        go downstairs下楼
 (2) have a look看         have a look at… 看…        
have a walk散步have a bath洗澡    
have a swim游泳    have a talk谈话         have a rest休息
 (3) Why not+动词原形…?句型是提建议的一种表达法，形同“Why don’t + 人称代词 + 动词原形上+ …？”。这样的句型常用来启发或建议某人做某事。回答常用Ok, let’s…/All right./That’s a good idea.
2.       Please give it back soon.请尽快地把它还给我。
give …back:(=return)归还：代词作宾语时应放在give 和back的中间，如果是名词作宾语，可放在中间，也可放在后面。如：
   give the book back;/give back the book.
   give it back / give them back
类似的短语还有put away, put on, try on, take off,
3.Let’s play computer games for a while.让我们玩一会儿电脑吧。
(1)    play computer games玩电脑游戏
(2)    Let’s …=Let us后接动词原形：让我们……
4.My pet dog plays with the ball everywhere.我的宠物狗在家里到处玩球。
(1)    everywhere=here and there处处；到处
(2)    play with 其后接人时，意为“与……玩”
            其后接物时，意为“玩（单纯地玩耍）……”
play football, play basketball, play volleyball
 5.There is a watermelon and lots of apples in the box.箱子里有一个西瓜和许多苹果。
(1)    lots of =a lot of 许多的；大量的，用来修饰名词
There are a lot of students in that school. （=many）
There was a lot of snow last year.(=much)
There’s a lot of rice in the bag.(=much)
三、语法：There be句型和Have的区别
类型
There be
Have
涵义不同
侧重 "存在关系"，表示"某地或某时间存在某人/某物"，there只是引导词，无意义。
如：There is a boat in the river.河里有一条船。
侧重 "所属关系"，示"属于……所拥有"的东西，第三人称用has。如： I have a nice watch.  我有一块好看的手表。
 She has a new computer.               
她有一台新电脑。

句型不同
1.肯定式：There is/are+主语+其它。
2.否定式：There is/are+ not+主语+其它。
3.疑问式：--Is/Are there+主语+其它？
--Yes, there is/are.
--No, there isn't/aren't
1.肯定式：主语+have/has+其它。
2.吉伯定式：a)主语+don't/doesn't have+其它；
b)主语+haven't/hasn't+其它。
3.疑问式：a)--Do/does+主语+have+其它？
--Yes,主语+do/does./No,主语+don't/doesn't.
b)--Have/Has+主语+其它？--Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+haven't/hasn't.

主谓一致不同
1.There is +单数主语/不可数主语…如：
There is some milk in hte bottle.
There is a hat on the desk.
2.There are+复数主语…如：There are some flowers in the basket.
3.There is +单数主语+and+复数主语…如： There is a mouse and two pens on the deak.
4.There are+复数主语+and+单数主语…如：There are two pens and a mouseon the desk.
1.主语（第三人称单数）+has+…如：
She has many new clothes.
Tom has a nice feather.
2.第一、二人称单数和复数主语+have+…如:You have some good firends but they have few.

划线提问不同
1.对主语提问一律用"What's+某地/某时？"结构，其中谓语动词须用is，且there要省略。如：There are some pictures on the wall.---What's on the wall?
2.对地点提问要用"Where is/are there…?"如：There is a black car under the tree.--Where is there a black car?
3.对主语的数量提问要用"How many+主语（复数）+are there…?/How much+主语（不可数）+is there…?"
如： There're three people in my family. --How many people are there in your family?
There's some rice in the bag.
---How much rice is there in the bag?
1.对主语提问要用"Who/has/have+…?"如： Mary has a sweater.--Who has a sweater?
We have new brooms.--Who hsve new brooms?
2.对宾语提问要用"What have/has+主语？/What do does+主语+have…?"如： My father has a big farm .
 What has your father?
 What does your father have?
3.对宾语的数量提问用"How many+复数名词+have/has+主语？/How much+不可数名词+have/has+主语？"或"How many +复数名词+do/does+主语+have?/How much+不可数名词+do/does+主语+have?"
如：I have two pictures.
--How many pictures do you have?/How many pictures have you?

注意
there be结构在改为否定或疑问句时，一般将some改为any.
如：There are some dishes on the desk.
--There aren't any dishes on the desk./Are there any dishes on the desk?
have 句型在改为否定句时，也应将 some 改为 any.
如： She has some fruit.
--She hasn't/doesn't have any fruit./Has she any fruit?/Does she have any fruit?
注：在表示 "附属于某物/某处的东西"时，there be结构与have句型都可以用。如：
There are four windows in the classroom =The classroom has four windows.
The house has eighteen floors.=There are eighteen floors in the house.

Topic 2  I am your new neighbor.
一、词汇：
1.       look for寻找 2.       a parking lot停车场
3.     at the street corner在街道的拐角 4.    play the piano弹钢琴
5.       knock at（the door）敲（门）
6.       hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事
7.       at the end of 在……的尽头；在……的末尾
8.       in the suburbs在郊外；在郊区 9.  according to按照
二、句型:
1.       What’s your home like?你的家什么样？
like用作动词时意为“喜欢”，用作介词时意为“像……”，常用短语：be like, look like
2.       I’m looking for a grocery store.我正在找一家杂货店。
look for 寻找。强调寻找的动作；
find找到，发现。强调结果；
find out着重指通过分析、调查等弄清或杳明一件事情
Are you looking for your pen? Yes, I am.你在找你的钢笔吗？是的。
Can you help me find my bike?你能帮我找到自行车吗？
Please find out who broke the window.请找出是谁把窗户打破的？
3.There is one in front of our building.我们的楼前有一家（杂货店）。
   in front of 在……的前面（在范围之外的前面）
   in the front of在……的前面（在范围内的前面）
   There is a tree in front of the classroom..教室前面有一棵树。（树在教室外）
The teacher is standing in the front of the classroom.老师站在教室的前面。（老师在教室里）
4.What’s the matter?怎么了？（出什么事了？）
  类似的表达还有：What’s up?/What’s wrong?/What’s going on?
5.People enjoy living in a house with a lawn and a garden.人们喜欢住带有草坪和花园的房子。
   enjoy doing sth.喜欢、享受做某事。Enjoy后接名词或动词的ing形式，如：   He enjoys reading novels.他喜欢读小说。
6.I hear you playing the piano beautifully.我听见你弹钢琴很动听。
  hear sb. doing sth.听到某人正在做某事。如：.
  I hear them singing songs in the next room.我听到他们正在隔壁房间唱歌。
 7.Hello, this is Mrs. Wang speaking.喂，我是王太太。电话用语，不用I和you, 而用this和that。如：This is Mary (speaking).我是玛丽。  Who’s that (speaking)?你是谁？
 8. The kitchen fan doesn’t work.厨房的排气扇不工作了。 work进行顺利，起作用，（机器）正常运转。 如：My clock doesn’t work.我的钟不走了。
Topic 3 Is there a supermarket around here?
一、词汇：
1.   thousands of成千上万的      a public phone公用电话
2.  get to到达          the way to the station去车站的路
3.  be far from远离……          traffic lights交通灯
4. across from在（街，路等）的对面        
between…and…在……和……之间
5.   the information desk咨询处          on the left在左边；on the right在右边
二、句型:
1. Excuse me, how can I get to the library?劳驾，去图书馆怎么走？
2. Turn right at the second turn.在第二个拐弯处向右拐。
(1)    turn right（left）= turn to the right (left)向右(左)拐
(2)    turn (turning)名词，拐弯处         at the first turning在第一个拐弯处
(3)    Turn right at the second turn. =Take the second turning on the right.
3.   Thank you anyway.仍然（还是）要谢谢你。类似的还有：
Thank you all the same./Thank you anyhow.
4.   You need to take No. 718 bus here.你需要乘718路公共汽车。
need作行为动词时，意为“需要，需求”，有人称、数和时态的变化。need to do sth. 需要做某事，如：You need to have a good rest.你需要好好休息。
        need还可作情态动词，意为“必要，需要”，后接动词原形，常用作否定形式needn’t，意为“不必”，如：You needn’t drive so fast.你不必开得这么快。
5.Every year thousands of people get hurt or die in road accidents.每年成千上万的人在交通事故中受伤或死亡。
hundred和thousand等表示数目的词前如果有确切的数字，这些词不用复数形式，后面直接跟名词；如果本身表示模糊的概念，这些词用复数且后跟of才能再接名词，如：two hundred books两百本书hundreds of books成百上千本书
five thousand trees五千棵树thousands of trees 成千上万棵树
6. If everyone obeys the rules, the roads will