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n 山东省枣庄市台儿庄区涧头二中九年级英语《数词总结》教案数词包括基数词和序数词
n 两大类。
一、基数词
1.1—12的基数词是独立的单词,即: one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight, nine,ten,eleven,twelve。
2.13—19的基数词以-teen结尾。如: fourteen,seventeen等,但13,15,18较特殊, 13—thirteen 15—fifteen 18—eighteen。
3.20—90的整十位均以-ty结尾。如: sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊, 20—twenty 30—thirty 40—forty 50—fifty 80—eighty。
4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号“-”,如:28—twenty-eight,96—ninety-six。
5.百位和十位(若无十位则和个位)之间加and,如:148—one hundred and forty-eight 406—four hundred and six。
6.hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿)等前面即使有具体的数词,也不能在它们的后面加s。如:600—six hundred,8百万—eight million。
7.1000以上的数字,从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“,”第一个逗号前为千(thousand),第二个逗号前为百万(million),第三个逗号前为billion(十亿)。英语中无“万”这个词,我们可以用“几十个千(thousand)”表示几万,“几百个千(thousand)”表示“几十万”。如:2,510=two thousand five hundred and ten;84,296=eight-four thousand twohundred and ninety-six;274,350=two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty。
8.hundred,thousand,million用复数形式修饰名词时要用“of+复数名词”,如:数以百计的年轻人hundreds of young people;数以千计的书thousands of books。注意:hundreds of /thousands of/millions of +复数名词,其前面不能加具体的数词,但可加several或 many。
9.基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如:一个五岁的男孩a five-year-old boy;一座800米长的桥an 800-metre-long bridge;女子400米接力girls\'400-metre relay race。
10.句型:主语+is +about(大约)/ over =more than(超过)/nearly(接近)+具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long / high /tall /deep /away等。如:长江长6300公里。
The Changjiang River is 6,300 kilometres long.
二、序数词
1.基数词变序数词可利用口诀巧记:“一、二、三,特殊记,八去“t”,九去“e”,“ve”要用“f”替,见“y”变成“i”和“e”,词尾加上“th”,若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。”第一、第二、第三分别:first,second,third,eight—eighth nine—ninth,five—fifth,twelve—twelfth,twen- ty—twentieth,forty—fortieth,twenty-five—twenty-fifth。
2.其余情况均在基数词后加th。如: six—sixth, nineteen—nineteenth , hundred— hundredth, thousand—thousandth
n 三、数词的应用
1.钟点的表示:小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。
①“几点钟”用基数词加o\'clock。o\'clock可省略。如:现在是5点钟—It\'s five(o\'clock).②“几点过几分,≤30分钟”用介词past。如: 7:05—five past seven;7:15—fifteen(a quar- ter)past seven;7:30—half past seven。③“差几分几点”用介词“to”。注意:整点加“1”且用 60减去目前的分钟数。如:7:40—twenty to eight;7:45—fifteen(a quarter)to eight。④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化,直接按基数词的顺序读。如:7:05—seven o five;7:15— seven fifteen。
2.编号的表示:①Lesson One =the first lesson第一课;②Bus No.3=the No.3bus 3路公共汽车;③表示住所时不用“No.”如:302房间—Room 302(读作:room three o two);④如果编号的数词比较长,一般用基数词。如:Page 457第457页;⑤电话号码,用基数词,可单个读,重复的数字也可读“double”,如:3855633—three eight five five(double five) six three three(double three)。
3.年月日的表示:①年份用基数词,先读前一位或两位,再读后两位。如:1999—nine- teen ninety-nine;1900—nineteen hundred; 2000—two thousand;1905—nineteen o five;②年用基数词,日用序数词。如:1998年6月8日写作:June 8,1998;读作:June the eighth, nineteen ninety-eight或the eighth of June, nineteen ninety-eight。
4.分数的表达:①分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于“1”,分母则加“s”。如:1/3 one third,2/3two thirds;②1/2 a(one)half, 1/4one fourth或a(one)quarter,3/4threefourths或three quarters。
5.倍数的表达:一倍用once,两倍用 twice,两倍以上用基数词+times。如:5倍five times。
四、特殊用法
1.数词作主语,谓语动词用单数。如: Two months is quite a long time.Four and two is six.What\'s two and three?
2.一个半小时(一年半,一个半月可类推)one/an hour and a half =one and a half hours。
3.不定冠词用在序数词前表又一、再一。如:I\'ve tried three times,let me try a fourth time.意为:我已经试过三次,让我再试一次吧。
五、过关练习
运用数词方面的知识解答下列中考题:
1.There are _____ (365)days in a year.
n 2.Look!There are _____ (成千上万的) stars in the sky.
n 3. _____ (2/3)of the students are girls in our class.
4.September is the _____ month of the year.
5.There are forty-six students in Class _____ (三班).
6.December is the _____ and last month of the year.
7.Ann received a lot of presents on her _____ birthday.The twelve-year-old girl felt very happy.
8.There are _____ students in our class, twenty boys and twenty girls.
9.Our teacher often tells us that work must come _____ .
n 10.At the beginning of the _____ (twenty) century,the world\'s population was about 1, 700 million.
n
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