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北京龙文环球教育科技有限公司扬州分公司九年级英语下册《Unit 4》教学案 牛津版
课 题
9B unit 4
学习目标与
考点分析
学习重点
难点
学习方法
由典型例题入手,逐渐深入,边讲边练;
教学过程
一、重点词汇
重点词语搭配
be proud of “以…为自豪”
be involved in… “被卷入….”
take pride in “以…为自豪”
It is said that…. “据说……”
二、语法点拨
定语从句
定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等,绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用:
① 连接作用,引导定语从句。
② 代替主句中的先行词,甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。
③ 在定语从句中充当一句子成分。
【注】关系代词有主语、宾语之分。一般whom作为宾语。关系代词在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,定语等,关系副词在从句中作地点状语,时间状语,原因状语等。
限制性定语从句为先行词在意义上是不可缺少的定语,若去掉,所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切,写时不可用逗号分开。
1. 关系代词:在句中作主语、宾语或定语
(1) that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
This is the book(which)you want.
(2) 如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置。
The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable.
(3) 代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:
a) 先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;
b) 先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;
c) 先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;
d) 先行词中既有人又有物时;
e) 整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;
f) 当先行词为物并作表语时;
g) 先行词为one时;
h) 先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;
(4) who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语。
The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
你刚刚见到的那个人就是我的朋友。
(5) whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与 of which 调换,表达的意思一样。He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个朋友的父亲是医生。
2. 关系副词:在句中作状语
关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
【定语从句学习口诀】
一找二辩三判断,数和时态跟后面,特殊情况特殊办。
一找先行词,二辩关系词是人还是物,三判断做什么成分,然后是定语从句的时态和数,介词后面的情况和只用关系词that的情况。
【真题演练】
1. There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip. (2010 .河北省)
A. who B. that C. whom D. whose
2. Jim dislikes people ______talk much but never do anything. (2010.自贡市)
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
3. --The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu.
--Yes. They are helping the people ______are suffering from the earthquake. (2010扬州市)
A. which B. what C. / D. who
4. Friends are those make you smile,always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. (2010河南省)
A. which B. what C. whom D. who
5. I began to work in Shanghai in the year _______Hong Kong was returned to China. (2010十堰市)
A. that B. which C. where D. when
6. This is the school _______ I studied three years ago. (2010菏泽市)
A. where B. when C. that D. which
7. This is my beautiful school _______ is near the famous library.( 2010桂林市)
A. where B. which C. who D. when
8. You can’t wake a person ______ is pretending(假装)to be asleep. (2010杭州市)
A. who B. which C. he D. 不填
9. --Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report?
--Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet. ( 2010兰州市)
A. who B. what C. whom D. which
10. --Which girl is your sister?
--The girl __________ is wearing dark glasses.( 2010黄石市)
A. which B. whose C. who D. whom
11. I can’t forget the time _______ the earthquake happened in Yushu. (2010青海省)
A. when B. which C. that D. where
12. The TV play is about a true story _______ happened in Mianyang in 1998. (2010四川省)
A. it B. what C. that D. when
句型结构
1. I’ve never heard of him.
hear of意思是“听说”。
你听说过成龙吗?他是个很棒的演员。______________________Jackie Chan? He is a great actor.
2. On its way back to Earth, the spacecraft began spinning out of control.
out of control意思为“失去控制,不受操纵”。
车失去控制,撞上了路边的一棵树。The car_____________________and hit a tree by the road.
3. She married a Frenchman called Pierre Curie there.
marry 意思是“结婚,嫁,娶”,常用句型有:① marry sb表示“给某人;与......结婚”② be/get married to sb表示“与某人结婚”③ marry sb to sb表示“父母把女儿嫁给某人或为儿子娶媳妇”
① 去年琳达嫁给了汤姆。Linda________________Tom last year.
② 上个月简和一位医生结婚了。Jane _________________ a doctor last month.
③ 她把女儿嫁给了一位商人。She __________________________ a businessman.
难点语法
1. 限制性定语从句的用法。
在复合句中作定语用修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。限制性定语从句在句中不能省略,否则主句意思就不完整。定语从句应放在名词或代词的后面。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词;引导定语从句的连接词称为关系词,其中that、which、who, whose称为关系代词,where、when、why称为关系副词。
2. 关系代词that; who; which的用法。
关系代词who、whom 和whose指人,分别在从句中作主语、宾语和定语。Whichkw只能指物that多指物, that有时也指人,它们在从句中可以作主语或宾语。定语从句中关系代词作从句宾语时可以省略。
① 这个就是我们近日一直在找的小偷。
This is the thief__________we have been looking for these days.
② 请找一间足够大能住下我们全体的房间。
Please find a room_____________is big enough for all of us to live in.
3. 关系副词when; where; why的用法。
关系副词when或where引导定语从句时,它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。
① 这是一个星期前他们吵架的房间。
This is the room___________they had a quarrel a week ago.
② 我永远不会忘记第一次见到你的日子。
I can never forget the day________I first saw you.
③ 我不知道你和他吵架的原因。
I don’t know the reason__________you quarreled with him.
学生归纳总结:
1:这堂课你掌握了什么?答:
学生对于本次课的评价:
○ 特别满意 ○ 满意 ○ 一般 ○ 差
学生签字:
教师评定:
1、 学生上次作业评价: ○ 非常好 ○好 ○ 一般 ○ 需要优化
2、 学生本次上课情况评价:○非常 好 ○好 ○ 一般 ○ 需要优化
教师签字:
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