九年级英语全册 Unit 10 You’re supposed to shake hands Section B备课资料教案 （新版）人教新目标版-（新版）人教新目标版初中九年级全册英语教案.doc

Unit 10 Youre supposed to shake hands. Section B1. Its impolite to point at anyone with your chopsticks.用筷子指着别人是不礼貌的。该句句式为:Its+adj.+to do.结构,意为“做某事怎么样”,是主系表结构,it为形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。句中的point意为“指,指向”,常构成短语point at,point to和point out。例如:Its impolite to point your fingers at others.用手指指人是很不礼貌的。Dont point at anyone with your chopsticks. Its not polite.不要用你的筷子指着任何人,那是不礼貌的。辨析：point at,point to与point outpoint at,point to和point out的意思都与“指”有关,但还是有一定区别的。point at习惯上表示指向离说话人较近的事物,意为“指着”,at是介词,着重于指的对象。例如:Dont point at the words while you are reading.读书时不要用手指着字。point to多用来表示指向离说话人较远的事物,意为“指向”,to也是介词,着重于指的方向。例如:As he started the operation,the hour hand of the clock pointed to 9.他开始手术时,时针指着九点。point out表示的是给某人指示方向、要点或错误等,意为“指出”,out是副词。例如:The teacher pointed out many mistakes in my homework.老师指出我作业里的许多错误。2. They go out of their way to make me feel at home.他们特意让我感觉像在家一样。(1)go out of ones way to do sth.为固定结构,意为“特意做某事;格外努力地做某事”,使用该短语时需注意ones与主语人称一致。例如:Mother went out of her way to cook delicious dishes.妈妈特意烧了美味的菜。(2)make sb. feel at home意为“使某人感到舒适自在”,使用该短语时需注意sb.如为人称代词时应用宾格形式。feel还可以用系动词be代替。例如:Do you like living in the Smiths? 你喜欢住在史密斯家吗?Of course. They made me feel at home. 当然,他们使我感到宾至如归。3. She also has a teenage granddaughter about my age who is really kind.她也有一个和我年龄相仿的孙女,她真的很友善。(1)teenage作形容词,意思是“十几岁的;青少年的”。teenage的名词形式为teenager。例如:His voice is very high for a teenage boy.对一个十几岁的男孩来说,他的嗓音很尖。Since his parents died early,he had to earn his own living when he was a teenager.因双亲早亡,他十几岁的时候就不得不独自谋生。(2)granddaughter是名词“(外)孙女”。例如:When his granddaughter visited him,the old man was very happy.当他的外孙女来看他时,老人很开心。归纳：grand为前缀构成的单词:grandmother (外)祖母;grandfather(外)祖父;grandparents (外)祖父母;grandson (外)孙;grandchildren (外)孙(女);4. Although I still make lots of mistakes,it doesnt worry me like it used to.虽然我仍然会犯很多错误,可它不像过去那样困扰我了。mistake此处为可数名词,意为“错误,过失”,构成短语“犯错误”make a mistake或make some mistakes或make mistakes,“错误地”by mistake。例如:I agreed that it was a mistake.我承认这是一个错误。We all make mistakes.人都会犯错误。I made a mistake about the time.我把时间搞错了。I took your bag instead of mine by mistake.我没有拿自己的包而错拿了你的。归纳mistake还可作动词,意思是把某人(事物)给“弄错”了,也可作“认不出”解,引申可表示“误解;歪曲”了某人的意思或意图,后接介词for,即mistake.for.表示“把错看成”“错认为”。例如:They mistook me for the manager.他们错把我当成经理了。She is often mistaken for her twin sister.她常被人当作是她的孪生姐妹。5. My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.我最大的挑战就是学习餐桌礼仪。(1)learning how to behave at the dinner table是动名词短语作表语,也可用动词不定式形式,但是由于其后的结构中含有动词不定式,为避免重复,故用动名词形式。例如:My job is teaching how to surf.我的工作是教如何冲浪。辨析：分词、动名词和不定式作表语时的区别分词作表语:主要是表示主语的特点和所处的状态,主语和表语的位置不可以互换,因为此时句子主语是能发出分词这一动作的“人”。动名词和不定式作表语:主要是表示主语的具体内容,主语和表语的位置常常可以互换,此时句子主语是不能发出动作的抽象名词。试比较:He is learning how to behave at the dinner table.他正学习餐桌礼仪。(learning是现在分词,用作谓语;句子主语是能发出learn这一动作的“人”。)My job is teaching English.我的工作是教英语。=Teaching English is my job.教英语是我的工作。(动名词作表语,表示主语的内容“我的工作是什么”,表语和主语位置可以互换。)Our aim is to enter the universities.我们的目标是考上大学=To enter the universities is our aim.考上大学是我们的目标。(不定式作表语,表示主语的内容:“我们的目标是什么?”,表语和主语位置可以互换。)(2)behave多用作不及物动词,指某人举止或行为的“表现”。例如:She behaves more like a friend than a mother. (behave用作不及物动词)她表现得更像一个朋友而不像一个母亲。归纳behave后常接反身代词,意为“表现良好”。例如:Children,please behave yourselves!孩子们,规矩些!behave名词形式是behavior“行为,举止”。例如:Nothing can possibly excuse him for such rude behavior.他这样粗鲁的行为,无论怎样都不能原谅。6. As you can imagine,things are very different from the way they are at home.正如你所想象的那样,在这里很多地方和在家时不一样。(1)as sb. can imagine意为“正如某人想象”。例如:As you can imagine,we meet many difficulties there.正如你所想象的那样,我们在那里遇到很多困难。归纳：as引导方式状语从句,意思是“按照”。如:When in Rome,do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。Do it as your father told you.你父亲叫你怎样做就怎样做。(2)be different from意为“与不同”。例如:This story is different from that one.这个故事和那个不同。归纳“与不同”是be different from,“与相同”是be the same as,而:be similar with是“某人对什么很熟悉”;be similar to是“某物为某人所熟知”。7. Another example is youre not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread,not even fruit.还有一个例子,就是除了吃面包以外任何东西你不应该用手拿着吃,包括水果。except在此作介词,意为“除之外”,表示从整体中除去一部分,except后接名词或代词。例如:We all succeeded except Tom. (成功的人中没有汤姆)除了汤姆,我们都成功了。We all succeeded besides Tom.除了汤姆成功以外,我们也都成功了。辨析：except,except for,besides与but这四个介词或者短语都可以表示“除了”的意思。但是:except for表示“除了”,它引出一个与前面的词相反的原因或者事例。例如:Except for one old lady,the bus was empty.公共汽车上要不是坐了一位老太太就是空的。except仅表示“除了”,排除在外,表达一种排除关系,后面可以接that,what,when等引导的从句。例如:Most of the Chinese people usually go to work on the bike except when it rains.除了雨天,大多数中国人一般都骑自行车上班。besides表示“除了还有”的意思,表示包含在内,表达一种累加关系。例如:Besides milk and cheese,we need vegetables.除了牛奶和干酪外,我们还需要蔬菜。but的意思与except接近,它主要与某些不定代词如nothing,all,anything,no one,anyone等连用。例如:No one but me passed the exam yesterday.昨天除了我以外没别人考及格。易错警醒except意为“除之外”,引起的结构跟在主语后面,不能看作是并列主语,该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响,主语如是单数,其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。No one except his friends was coming.除了他的朋友谁也没来。8. I have to say that I find it difficult to remember everything,but Im gradually getting used to it.我不得不说,我觉得要记住所有事情很难,但我逐渐习惯了这些事情。(1)本句中find it difficult to do sth.意思是“发现做某事很难”,it作find的形式宾语,find的真正宾语是不定式短语to remember everything;形容词difficult为宾语补足语,其结构是:find+it+adj.+to do sth.表示“发现做某事”。例如:He finds it difficult to stop smoking.他发现戒烟很难。I find it easy to learn English well.我发现学好英语容易。(2)get used to表示“习惯于”,其同义词为be used to,其中to为介词,后接名词、代词、动名词。例如:It is difficult to get used to another countrys customs.要适应另一国家的风俗习惯是很困难的。Linda is used to the life in the countryside.琳达习惯于乡村的生活。I am used to listening to the radio at night.我习惯了晚上收听广播。9. Let me give you some suggestions and advice about Chinese customs.关于中国的风俗习惯让我来给你提一些建议。suggestion作名词,意思是“建议”,suggestion为可数名词,常用于复数形式。suggestion的动词形式为suggest。例如:Can I make a suggestion?我提个建议好吗?Could you give me some suggestions on how to learn English?你能给我一些如何学习英语的建议吗?辨析：advice与suggestionadvice是针对某一行动提出的;suggestion针对某一问题,尤其是为解决困难或改进工作提出的。例如:Youd better have legal advice before acting.诉讼之前你最好求教律师。We welcome any suggestion that helps to improve our work.任何有助于改进工作的建议我们都欢迎。由于advice一般是来自有识之士或经验之谈,所以多是有价值的;而suggestion则不一定正确、有价值。suggestion可以用作可数名词,如a suggestion一条意见,而advice却不可数,须说a piece of advice。suggestion的语气比advice委婉。10. Have a safe trip,and I look forward to meeting you soon!一路平安,期待不久与你会面!(1)本句为祈使句+ and,后面句子用一般将来时态。例如:Study hard,and you will make big progress.努力学习,你将取得很大进步。归纳：该句式除了用and,还可以用or“否则”来连接。例如:Come on,or well be late.快点,否则我们要迟到了。该句式前的祈使句表示一种条件,相当于条件状语从句,因此它们可以和状语从句转换。例如以上句子可以换为:Come on,or well be late.=If you dont come on,well be late.(2)look forward to “渴望,期盼”。其中to为介词,后常接动词ing形式。Every child is looking forward to the Spring Festival.每个小孩都盼望着春节。I look forward to being alone in the house.我盼望着能自己一人待在这所房子里。I/We will be at the 10 Baker Street at six sharp,and look forward to seeing you.我(们)将于晚六点准时到达贝克大街10号,到时再会。归纳本句中的look forward to表示对将来的渴望,代替了一般将来时态。look forward to后面跟动名词时可和expect to do sth.转换。例如:I am looking forward to seeing you soon.=I expect to see you soon.我期待早点见到你。而且一般都是be looking forward to doing sth.表示一直期待的意思。例1David,why are you so excited?My father has made a_that he will take me to Tibet next month.A. face B. promise C. mistake【解析】考查固定短语。make a face做鬼脸;make a promise许诺;make a mistake犯错误。句意:戴维,你为什么如此兴奋?我父亲承诺下个月带我去西藏。根据语境故B项正确。【答案】B例2At times,parents find it difficult _with their teenage children.A. talk B. talked C. talking D. to talk【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意“有时,父母发现与青少年子女交谈是有困难的。”find+it+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“发现做某事是”,因此用动词不定式,所以选择D。【答案】D例3 The Greens used to live in London and now they_in Beijing.A. used to live B. are used to liveC. are used to living D. are used for living【解析】考查固定结构的用法。根据句意:格林一家过去生活在伦敦,但是现在他们习惯于生活在北京。used to do sth.“过去常做某事”;be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”,所以选择答案C。【答案】C例4Im looking forward to _my parents soon. What about you? Me too.A. seeingB. seeC. saw【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。look forward to意为“期望,期盼”,其中to 为介词,其后跟v.-ing形式,故选A。【答案】A