音标课件-英语开、闭音节.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Welcome,音素和国际音标,1,什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。,2,音素的分类：元音和辅音。,3,音素的个数：共,48,个，元音音素,20,个，辅,音音 素,28,个。,4,什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。,5,什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音,协会规定的一套音标，用来,记录世界各主要语言的语音。,7.,开音节,：,a),辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e:name,bike,home,due,plane,shine,b),辅音,+,元音,:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello,8.,闭音节,：,a),辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,map,b),元音,+,辅音,:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant,9.,重读音节,：,单词中发音特别响亮的音节。,元音和辅音的定义：,发音时声带振 动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。,不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。,发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。,发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。,英语开闭音节练习,英语单词由字母组成。英语字母共有,26,个，且有大、小写两种：,一、字 母,Dd,Gg,Ee,Ff,Hh,Ii,Jj,Kk,Ll,Mm,Nn,Oo,Pp,Qq,Rr,Ss,Tt,Uu,Vv,Ww,Xx,Yy,Zz,Aa,Bb,Cc,字 母,1,、元音字母（,5,个）,2,、辅音字母（,21,个）,注：,辅音字母,y,放在词尾时作元音字母使用，,发音与,i,相同。,如：,baby,party,by,cry,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu,Aa,Bb Cc Dd Ff Gg,Hh Jj Kk Ll Mm Nn,Pp Qq Rr Ss Tt,Vv Ww Xx Yy Zz,字母,名称,字母,名称,字母,名称,字母,名称,Aa,Hh,Oo,Uu,Bb,Ii,Pp,Vv,Cc,Jj,Qq,Ww,Dd,Kk,Rr,Ee,Ll,Ss,Xx,Ff,Mm,Tt,Yy,Gg,Nn,Zz,/ei/,/bi:/,/si:/,/di:/,/i:/,/ef/,/d,i:/,/eit,/,/ai/,/dei/,/kei/,/el/,/em/,/en/,/u/,/pi:/,/kju:/,/a:/,/es/,/ti:/,/ju:/,/vi:/,/eks/,/wai/,/zi:/,/d blju:/,认识英语字母名称,A a,E e,Ff,Ii,H h,J j,K k,L l,Mm,N n,Ss,X x,Z z,Y y,Bb,Cc,D d,G g,Pp,T t,Vv,U u,Q q,W w,O o,R r,Find its family,英语单词是由元音字母和辅音字母,一起构成的，而元音字母是构成单词的,基本要素,。,有时一个元音字母可以单独构成一个单词。如：,但辅音字母不能单独构成单词。,如：,it,，,at,bus,desk,teacher,study,二、单 词,I(,我,),，,a(,一个,),语音,音素是最小的语音单位。,大多数音素与小写字母的形状相同，为了避免混淆，,我们一律把音素和音标写在方括号,或,/,内。,音素与音标,音标是用来记录音素的符号，用来注明字母和单词的读音。,英语音素共有,48,个,20,个元音音素,28,个辅音音素,例如：,p u t,例如：,put put,英语音素分类表,元 音,辅 音,单元音,双元音,清辅音,浊辅音,其他辅音,长元音,短元音,p t k f s ,t tr ts h,b d g v z d,dr dz l,m n w j r,ai ei au ,u i,u,i,a:,:,:i:u:,i u ,e,读音规则,开音节,&,闭,音节,Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu,dad cap lamp apple,we me she he,face make cake late,get pet bed leg,like bike fine kite,use cute pupil student,milk ship sing window,nose close home note,top sock job sorry,much cut cup jump,对比单词的发音与结构,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,辅音,+,元音,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e,重,读,开,音,节,辅音,+,元音,go be me by cry,student baby,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,+e,注意：词尾,e,不发音,name time make like,在重读的开音节中元音字母发字母表音,Aa/ei/,Ee/i:/,Ii/ai/,Oo/u/,Uu/ju:/,辅音,+,元音,+,辅音,map,，,desk,，,sit,元音,+,辅音,is,it,在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。,即：,A,E,I,O,U,要读,，,e,，,i,，,，,。,重,读,闭,音,节,字母,Aa,在重读开、闭音节中的发音,Aa,读音,重读开音节,重读闭音节,/ei/,/,name,page,date,game,cake,at,bag,cat,map,lamp,例词,have,特殊,1.A.l,a,te B.c,a,ke C.r,a,bbit D.m,a,ke,2.A.h,a,ve B.f,a,ce C.m,a,p D.,a,pple,3.A.n,a,meB.gr,a,de C.h,a,ve D.pl,a,ne,4.A.st,a,nd B.m,a,ke C.t,a,ble D.pl,a,ne,5.tank,A.sk B.tik C.tek D.tk,字母,Ee,在重读开、闭音节中的发音,Ee,读音,例词,/i:/,重读开音节,重读闭音节,/e/,be,he,me,she,these,we,bed,best,desk,get,let,pen,pr,e,tty,priti,特殊,A.l,e,g B.d,e,sk C.th,e,se D.p,e,n,2.A.th,e,se B.h,e,lp C.b,e,d D.g,e,t,3.A.d,e,sk B.p,e,n C.h,e,D.s,e,ven,4.set,A.set B.sit C.st D.st,5.cry,A.srai B.krai C.kri D.krei,字母,Ii,在重读开、闭音节中的发音,Ii,读音,例词,特殊,/ai/,重读开音节,重读闭音节,/i/,like,nice,kite,nine,bike,big,pig,it,is,in,trip,wish,w,i,ld waild,climb,live,give,1.A.m,i,ne B.l,i,ve C.wr,i,te D.t,i,me,2.A.b,i,g B.,i,t C.l,i,ttle D.k,i,te,3.A.f,i,ne B.f,i,ve C.s,i,t D.k,i,te,4.A.f,i,sh B.l,i,ve C.g,i,ve D.w,i,ld,5.A.b,i,ke B.n,i,ce C.f,i,ne D.s,i,t,字母,Oo,在重读开、闭音节中的发音,Oo,读音,例词,特殊,/u/,重读开音节,重读闭音节,/,go,no,home,nose,coke,hope,hot,dog,frog,from,off,on,not,1.A.h,o,me B.n,o,se C.fr,o,m D.h,o,pe,2.A.g,o,t B.th,o,se C.l,o,t D.cl,o,ck,3.A.cl,o,se B.cl,o,ck C.b,o,x D.s,o,ck,4.A.n,o,t B.n,o,C.g,o,D.hope,5.A.ph,o,ne B.s,o,fa C.dog D.nose,字母,Uu,在重读开、闭音节中的发音,Uu,读音,例词,特殊,/ju:/,重读开音节,重读闭音节,/,use student excuse costume,menu computer huge music,but,bus,must,bun,run,sun,s,u,gar ug,tr,u,th tru:,b,u,sy bizi,A.b,u,t B.st,u,dent C.,u,se D.h,uge,2.A.b,u,s B.tr,u,th C.c,u,p D.n,u,mber,3.A.,u,nder B.m,u,m C.s,u,gar D.st,u,dy,4.A.comp,u,ter B.st,u,dent C.b,u,sy,D.m,u,sic,5.duck,A.dk B.dk C.duk D.du:k,单个元音字母在重读开音节和闭音节中的读音,name plane Jane baby cake,bag dad hat map black back,he these me Chinese,bed let pen desk yes egg,bike fly drive time nice kite,fish big drink sit milk swim,those close go hope home no,clock not box shop sock,cute student excuse duty,bus cup jump much lunch,元音字母,读音,例词,a,e,i,o,u,在开音节中,在闭音节中,在开音节中,在开音节中,在开音节中,在开音节中,在闭音节中,在闭音节中,在闭音节中,在闭音节中,ei,i:,e,ai,i,u,ju:,读一读，找出划线部分发音不同的单词。,()1,、,m,a,n c,a,p pot,a,to,()2,、,pl,a,te h,a,te l,a,mb,()3,、,c,a,ke r,a,bbit,a,ge,()4,、,p,a,ge t,a,ke at,()5,、,a,nd c,a,t f,a,ce,C,A B C,C,B,C,C,读一读，找出划线部分发音不同的单词。,()1,、,sp,e,ll h,e,n we,()2,、,f,ee,t g,ee,se wet,()3,、,m,e,e,lephant tw,e,nty,()4,、,th,e,se fift,ee,n then,()5,、,l,e,t h,e,lp sh,ee,p,C,A B C,C,A,C,C,读一读，找出划线部分发音不同的单词。,()1,、,i,t n,i,ce k,i,te,()2,、,i,n f,i,ne,i,ce,()3,、,p,i,nk b,i,g f,i,ve,()4,、,t,i,me ch,i,cken k,i,tchen,()5,、,m,i,nd r,i,ce dr,i,nk,A,A B C,A,C,A,C,读一读，找出划线部分发音不同的单词。,()1,、,h,o,pe C,o,ke cl,o,ck,()2,、,s,o,g,o,s,o,rry,()3,、,th,o,se s,o,cks,o,ff,()4,、,j,o,b l,o,ck h,o,me,()5,、,o,n,no,kn,o,w,C,A B C,C,A,C,A,读一读，找出划线部分发音不同的单词。,()1,、,l,u,nch c,u,p c,u,te,()2,、,f,u,n t,u,be val,u,e,()3,、,j,u,st un,i,te r,u,n,()4,、,c,u,t m,u,st,u,se,()5,、,t,u,be s,u,nny b,u,s,C,A B C,A,B,C,A,总 结：,Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu,在 中读：,在 中读：,ei,i:,e,ai,i,u,c,ju:,v,开音节,闭音节,A,E,I,O,U,要读,，,e,，,i,，,，,。,开闭音节歌,开音节，音节开，一元字母在后排。,辅音字母关禁闭，元音字母喊自己。,A,E,I,O,U,就读,ei,，,i:,，,ai,，,u,，,ju:,。,闭音节，音节闭，一元字母生闷气。,辅音字母紧守门，元音字母声短急。,小试牛刀：,2.A.m,e,B.l,e,g C.b,e,d D.s,e,t,1.A.n,a,me B.t,a,ke C.d,a,te D.s,a,t,3.A.b,i,ke B.n,i,ce C.f,i,ne D.,i,t,4.A.m,a,ke B.c,a,ke C.pl,ay,D.h,a,ve,找出下列划线部分发音不同的单词,6.A.s,u,n B.,u,se C.st,u,dent D.d,u,ty,5.A.,o,n B.,o,ffice C.,o,range D.,o,pen,小试牛刀：,7.A.c,a,ke B.f,a,ce C.,a,pple D.l,a,te,8.A.b,a,ck B.m,a,ke C.h,a,ve D.m,a,p,10.A.sh,i,p B.p,i,cture C.dr,i,ve D.l,i,sten,9.A.c,i,ty B.wh,i,te C.f,i,lm D.an,i,mal,小试牛刀：,11.A.g,o,B.b,o,x C.n,o,D.n,o,se,12.A.b,a,ck B.c,a,tch C.d,a,te D.h,a,ve,14.A.h,a,nd B.c,a,ke C.m,a,p D.b,a,g,13.A.s,a,me B.n,a,me C.c,a,p D.b,a,by,小试牛刀：,15.A.r,e,d B.b,e,d C.m,e,D.l,e,t,16.A.s,u,gar B.,u,se C.st,u,dent D.d,u,ty,18.A.m,a,ke B.s,ay,C.s,a,d D.l,a,te,17.A.fl,y,B.cr,y,C.bab,y,D.b,y,小试牛刀,:,19.A.cl,o,ck B.h,o,t C.g,o,D.s,o,ck,20.A.sk,y,B.m,i,ne C.fl,y,D.f,i,sh,22.A.b,a,g B.K,a,te C.c,a,p D.f,la,g,21.A.,u,ncle B.,u,se C.s,u,n,小试牛刀：,23.A.n,i,ce B.n,i,ne C.p,i,nk,24.A.b,i,ke B.c,i,ty C.t,i,me D.s,i,de,26.A.b,u,s B.,u,se C.but D.cut,25.A.h,o,t B.s,o,ck C.j,o,b D.n,o,se,小试牛刀：,27.A.st,u,dy B.p,u,zzle C.b,u,s D.b,u,sy,28.A.tr,y,B.f,i,ll C.d,i,g,小试牛刀：,30.A.g,o,B.d,o,g C.cl,o,ck D.,o,range,29.A.computerB.useC.musicD.umbrella,31.A.m,a,ny B.c,at,C.,a,pple D.m,a,n,32.A.l,e,t B.,e,leven C.b,e,d D.d,e,sk,33.A.k,i,nd B.m,i,nd C.f,i,nd D.w,i,nd,34.A.m,o,nth B.wr,o,ng C.c,o,me D.m,o,ther,35.A.b,u,t B.p,u,sh C.m,u,st D.s,u,pper,小试牛刀：,36.A.n,a,me B.f,a,ce C.h,a,te D.m,a,ny,37.A.w,a,ter B.w,a,nt C.w,a,sh D.w,a,tch,38.A.l,i,veB.r,i,se C.f,i,ne D.sm,i,le,39.A.w,or,dB.w,or,k C.w,or,ry D.w,or,se,40.A.,c,ityB.de,c,ide C.bi,c,ycle D.,c,lean,小试牛刀：,知识点回顾：元音字母在开、闭音节中的读音,name plane Jane baby cake,bag dad hat map black back,he these me Chinese,bed let pen desk yes egg,bike fly drive time nice kite,fish big drink sit milk swim,those close go hope home no,clock not box shop sock,cute student excuse duty,bus cup jump much lunch,元音字母,读音,例词,a,e,i,o,u,在开音节中,在闭音节中,在开音节中,在开音节中,在开音节中,在开音节中,在闭音节中,在闭音节中,在闭音节中,在闭音节中,ei,i:,e,ai,i,u,ju:,填写满意度调查表与课时单,下次课内容预告：,单个元音字母的发音除了开音节与闭音节外,还有特殊发音与非重读音节中的发音两种情况，,只有全部掌握了，在解题时才能真正做到得心应手,字母,Aa,的其它发音汇总,Aa,读音,例词,例外,/e/,/:/,/,i,特殊发音,在,s,ss,sk,sp,st,ph,th,n,f,前,在,w,wh,后,在非重读音中,在重读音节后的音节中,class,glass,ask,grasp,fast,graph,father,after,dance,France,answer,a,bove,a,bout,a,mong,，,wom,a,n,oper,a,te,preit,例外,:,动词中的,a,如果处在开音节位置,any,many,vill,a,ge,or,a,nge,comr,a,de,s,a,nd snd,st,a,nd stnd,l,a,nd lnd,b,a,nk bnk,want,wash,what,watch,was,water,:,字母,Ee,的其它发音汇总,Ee,读音,例词,非重读开音节,在前缀和后缀中,happ,e,n,，,op,e,n,probl,e,m,d,e,pend,，,b,e,hind,，,need,e,d,i,Ii,读音,例词,特殊,字母,Ii,的其它发音汇总,/ai/,在,nd,ld,gh,前,kind,find,mind,child,high,w,ind,wind,Oo,读音,例词,特殊,字母,Oo,的其它发音汇总,/u/,在,sd,ld,前,cold,old,hold,most,post,/,m,n,v,th,前,come,some,front,son,love,month,mother,an,o,ther,c,o,ver color,worry,one,/u:/,do,to,who,whose,movie,shoe,move,l,o,selu:z,t,o,mbtu:m,pr,o,vepru:v,/u/,woman,，,w,o,lf,，,int,o,/u/,在某些词尾,pian,o,，,ph,o,t,o,，,radi,o,also,zero,/,非重读音节,p,o,lite second tonight somebody welcome,字母,Uu,的其它发音汇总,Uu,读音,例词,/u:/,在,j,l,r,s,后,/u/,June July blue glue flu ruler February super,put,pull,push,sugar,full,/,非重读音节,autumn diffcult,success,Homework,1.,复习教案第二页的元音字母在重读开、闭音节的发音。,2.,教案第四页作业部分所有练习。,Class is over.Thank you!Bye-bye!,See you next time!,BINGO GAME,首先叫,bingo,的可得一颗棒棒糖！,Game time!,cake name plane Jane baby,we she he get bed,time white kite bike milk,not frog hot job hope,much jump run uncle computer,范例,B I N G O,学生轮流答题，如果答错或不会可以 指定给某个同学答。,(31-40,题为抢答题）答对 一题可获得一粒糖果，最后所得糖果 最多的同学为获胜者。有惊喜礼品哦！,有奖答题,游戏规则：,