牛津英语模块5Unit2词汇课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 2,The environment,Welcome to the unit,economy economical,economically economics,economicsmism,economizer,economist,political economy,individual economy,national economy,centrally planned economy,International economic and trade,经济,节约,经济地,经济学地,经济主义,经济学者,经济家,政治经济学,个体经济,国民经济,中央计划经济,国际经济与贸易,节约的,经济的,经济学,节约者,environment,environmental,environmentalist,environmentalistic,environmental transition,adjust to a new environment,beautify the environment,inhabited environment,n .,环境,外界,adj.,周围的,环境的,n.,环境论,n.,环境保护论者,环境论者,adj.,环境保护论者的,环境论者的,环境变迁,适应环境,美化环境,居住环境,debate vt,.&vi-formal discussion at a public meeting,搭配：,debate,（,about,）,sth.with sb,.,debate wh,-+to do,debate with oneself,独自考虑，心中盘算,n.,辩论，争论,eg,.1.,他们正在争辩什么？,_,2.,他们正在讨论去还是不去。,_,3.,我们必须就这件事和父母讨论一下。,_.,拓展：,beyond debate,无可争辩,open a debate,展开争辩,hold a debate,举行争辩,a warm debate,激烈的争辩,What are they debating?,They are debating whether to go or not.,We should debate with our parents about it.,under debate,正在辩论中,lay vt,.,产卵，下蛋，放置，摆放 （,laid,laid,）,lie(,撒谎,)-lied-lied-lying,lie,（平躺）,-lay-lain-lying,eg,.,不要把你的外套放在床上,_,My brother _ the hen aside,saying,“It doesnt _well these days,perhaps it is sick.,A.lay,lay B.lied,lay,C.laid,lie D.laid,lay,拓展：,lay aside,把,-,放在一边，储存（某物）待用,lay off,解雇（工人）,lay out,摊开，摆出,Dont lay your coat on the bed.,请根据句子意思，用,lay,或,lie,的正确形式填空。,Please _ the book where it _.,The little boy _ that he _ the egg _ by the hen _ under the tree in the box.,lay,lay,lied,had,laid,laid,lying,拓展,放重点在,上,b.,摆设餐具,c.,归罪于,d.,暂时解雇,e.,储蓄,Please,lay the table,for dinner.,The couple,laid aside,some money for their old age.,The president,laid,great,emphasis on,would peace.,Dont,lay,all the blame for the accident,on,me.,Some workers,were laid off,because of a shortage of materials.,1.b2.e3.a3.c4.d,in addition,另外，加之，又”，,adv,-besides or as well,。,He had no time to prepare this lecture,in addition,he was unwell,。,There was a big earthquake and,in addition,there were terrible tsunamis.,In addition,there is one more point I would like to make.,in addition to,prep,，“加之，除了,之外”,He speaks French in addition to English.,In addition to the sandwiches,Aunt Mary gave us cookies to bring to the picnic.,When he fell off his bike,he hurt his arm and,_ _ _ his glasses.,他从车上摔下来，摔伤了，胳膊，还摔坏了眼镜。,There was an earthquake and,_ _(,另外,)there were huge waves.,He speaks French _ _ English.,（除了英语以为）,in addition to,in addition,in addition to,wiped out,wipe out,在 “扫除，消灭”，“擦洗,的内部，雪耻”,I hope that the terrible scene will be wiped out from the little boys memory.,It is reported that the imported plant will wipe out some of the original species there.,All the information saved in the computer was wiped out by the virus.,The deadly disease almost wiped out the entire population,拓展,:,a.,（把溅出的水等）抹掉,b.,擦掉,c.,擦去（眼泪等）,d.,把,擦干,Will you please,wipe off,the drawing from the blackboard?,Please,wipe up,that spilt coffee.,She,wiped,her tears,away,with her handkerchief.,Please,wipe,the glasses,dry,.,cut back on,cut back on,意为“削减，缩减，减少”。,Theyve already cut back production by twenty percent.,You have to cut back on spending.,拓展,:,a.,切碎,b.,插嘴,c.,切断（电力、煤气、自来水等）,d.,剪下,e.,使孤立,f.,砍倒,The electricity,was cut off,because of the terrible storm.,They shouldnt have,cut down,those young trees.,To make the dish,you should first,cut up,the vegetables into small pieces.,He,cut out,an article about Liuxiang,from the newspaper.,The moment I began to speak,he,cut in,.,The village,was cut off,by the heavy snow.,c fa db e,approach vt,&vi,接近，靠近，着手处理,eg,1._,教师节快到了。,2.He is a man hard _.,他是个难以接近的人。,3.She _ everything in a peculiar way.,她处理问题方式很怪。,n.u,靠近，临近,c,通路，入口，方法，途径（常和介词,to,连用）,I like her_ to the problem.,我喜欢她解决这个问题的方法。,拓展,make approaches to sb,.,设法接近,approach sb.on/about sth,.,与打交道,be easy of approach,（人容易接近；,(,地方,),容易到达，交通方便,Teachers day is approaching.,to approach,approaches,approach,production,production un,，意为“生产，产出，产量，生产量”,The company is famous for the production of mobile phones.,Production has been increased by using better methods.,This type of cars is produced in mass production.,produce v,，“生产”；“,productive”adj,，意为“多产的”；,product,，,c n.,意为“产品，生产物”，如：,What are the chief farm products in your province?,beneficial,beneficial adj,，意为“有益的，有利的，有帮助的”，,“,be beneficial to,”,，意为“对,有帮助的”，,Enough sleep,good food and some exercise are beneficial to the health.,I hope this holiday will be beneficial for my husband,who is under high pressure of work.,beneficial benefit n,v,，“利益，帮助，恩惠，益处”，,be of benefit to,，“对,有裨益”；,for the benefit of,，“为了,的利益”，,I got a lot of benefit from traveling around the world.,These collected money will be used for the benefit of the people from flood-stricken areas.,benefit vt,vi“,有益于；对,有益，因,得到利益”。,effective adj,，“有效的”，,The local government has already taken some effective measure to develop the city without damaging the ecosystem.,This medicine is highly effective against bird-flu.,The new law becomes effective on October 1st.,effective-“more effective”-“the most effective”,。,effectively adv,，“有效地”。反义词,ineffective,，“无效的”；,effect n,，“功效，作用”，,have a/an effect on,，“对,产生,的作用”,This medicine had a good/a bad/a side/an ill/an instant/a negative effect on that patient.,Punishment had very little effect on those factories,which created harmful waste.,The plans of protecting the endangered animals will soon be carried into effect.,willing,willing,是形容词，意为“乐意的，自愿的”,Are you willing that he should be admitted into our club?,Are they willing workers for environmental protection?,willingly,，,adv“,乐意地”，,“,willingness”,，,n,“,心甘情愿”，,He gave up his seat to the old lady willingly.,open the floor,open the floor,意为“自由发言”。如：,The club members opened the floor for their discussion whether they should give up the plan or not.,拓展,-,a.,告知，表明,b.,开火,c.,展现,d.,开张,e.,以,开始,f.,展开，打开。,The lovely view,opened,out before our eyes.,He,opened,his heart to the girl.,My dream is to,open,a restaurant.,The Red Army men,opened,fire at the enemy.,He,opened,out a folding map for all of us and began his story.,The story,opened with,a love story between a prince and a princess.,c a d b f e,floor,发言权,n,have/get/obtain,the floor,得到发言权,take the floor,发言,He didnt get the floor,At last the chairman took the floor,ask for the floor,要求发言,be on the floor,正在发言中,give the floor to,给予发言权,run out of /run out,run out of,意为“用完，耗尽”。如：,I have run out of my pocket money.,My pocket money has run out.,We are running out of fuel.,Our fuel is running out.,拓展,:,褪色,b.,逃出，逃跑,c.,撞上,d.,偶然遇见,e.,发烧,f.,追赶,g.,连续跑,Luckily,they,ran away,from the fire.,I,ran across,one of my old friends in the street this morning.,The two policemen are,running after,a thief.,The color of this T-shirt,runs,easily.,His car,ran into,the post.,The little girl,ran,a high fever.,He will,run on,for hours if you dont stop him.,b d fa c e g,shock,vt,.,使震惊，使震动,eg,.It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.,想到我们差一点丧命，我就非常害怕。,_,他的所作所为让我们很震惊。,n.c,令人震惊的事件（情况）消息,_ it is to hear that the factory would have to close.,A.What a shock B.What shock,C.How a shock D.How shock,what he had done shocked us most.,disappointed,disappoint vt,“,使失望”,disappointed adj,，“失望的，沮丧的”,be disappointed at/about/with,，意为“对,而感到失望”，,be disappointed to do sth,.,，“做,而感到失望”,The result of the experiment really disappointed us.,Please dont disappoint me.,What are you looking so disappointed about?,He was disappointed to hear the news that his visa was refused.,We were disappointed that our team had lost the game.,disappointing,adj,，“让人失望的，令人扫兴的”，,How disappointing the weather this summer is!,disappointment,n,，“失望，灰心，扫兴”，,When he heard the bad news,his disappointment was obvious.,Much to my disappointment,the picnic was put off because of the bad weather.,否定前缀主要有,dis-,il-,im-,in-,ir,-,和,un,-,，可译成汉语“非”、“无”、“不（是）”、“未”,.dis,-,常加在名词、形容词、动词之前。,agreement(,同意；一致,),disagreement(,分歧；不一致,)advantage(,优势；有利条件,),disadvantage(,不利条件；缺点,)honest(,诚实的,),dishonest(,不诚实的,)like(,喜欢,),dislike(,不喜欢,)appear(,出现,),disappear(,消失,)2.,im,-,常加在以字母,m-,p-,开头的形容词之前。如：,moral,（道德的）,immoral(,不道德的,),possible(,可能的,),impossible(,不可能的,)polite(,有礼貌的；客气的,),impolite(,无礼的；粗鲁的,)3.,un-,常加在名词、形容词、副词之前。如：,happiness,（幸福,unhappiness,不幸福,usual(,通常的,),unusual,不寻常的；罕见的,important(,重要的,),unimportant(,不重要的,)friendly(,友好的,),unfriendly,不友好的；不友善的,healthy(,健康的,),unhealthy(,不健康的；不益于健康的,)crowded(,拥挤的,),uncrowded,(,不拥挤的,),able(,能；会,),unable(,无能的；不会的,)fair(,公平的；公正的,),unfair(,不公平的；不公正的,)familiar(,熟悉的,),unfamiliar(,不熟悉的；没有经验的,)necessary(,必要的,),unnecessary(,不必要的,)fortunately(,幸运地,),unfortunately(,不幸运地,)4.,in-,常加在名词、形容词之前,ability,（能力）,inability,（无能；无力）,correct,（正确的）,incorrect,（不正确的）,5.,ir,-,常加在以,r-,开头的形容词前,regular,（规则的）,irregular,（不规则的；不规律的）,closely adv.,强调程度上“严密地，紧密地，相似地，仔细地。,close adj.&adv.,强调空间距离上近。,Dont stand too _ to the dog.,别离狗太近。,He listened _to me.,他仔细地听我讲话。,We were so _ packed in the lift that I could hardly move.,我们紧紧地挤在电梯里，我几乎动弹不了。,close,closely,closely.,limited,limited adj,，“有限的”,His knowledge of history is rather limited.,The limited edition made the stamp move valuable.,You should drive within the limited speed in this area,otherwise youll be fined.,limit n,，“极限，限度，界限”,The task is too much for me.I know my limits.,Her patience reached its limit.,If only the banks would lend money without limit?,limit,v,，意为“限制，限定”。,limit sb./sth.to sth,.,，意为“把,限制在,内”。如：,We must limit the expense to what we can afford.,Mother limited us to an ice-cream each.,decrease,减少，减小（反义词：,increase,）,decrease in,在,方面减少,decrease by,减少（数量）,decrease to,减少到（结果）,e.g._ growth is decreasing _,_,1.4%each year.,每年人口的增长减少了,1.4%,。,The boss is going to _ _ _,老板准备减少他的报酬。,The membership decreased _ 150.,会员数减少到,150,人。,Since 1945,air forces have decreased _ 1945,年以来，空军的数量已经有了减少。,Population,by,decrease his wage/pay,to,in number,raise vt,，“引发；提出,a.,饲养（家畜等）,b.,筹款，筹措,c.,举起，抬起,d.,建立，建造,e.,抬高，提高,Please,raise,your hands if you are for the plan.,His father,raised,his voice in anger.,The farmer,raised,20 pigs and some chickens.,They,raised,enough money for the environmental production project.,They planned to,raise,a monument for the dead.,Keys:,c e a b d,raise vt,，,(raised,，,raised,；,raising),Rise vi,，,(rose,，,risen,；,rising),Practice:,1.He told us that he _ by his aunt.,2.As we all know,the sun _ in the east and sets in the west.,3.The river _ 3 inches since it rained.,4.He stood there with his right hand _.,5.A great number of nations _ and fell in the course of history.,6.The price of a cup of coffee _ by ten cents.,7.I saw tears _to her eyes.,8.He _ to his feet,_ his voice in anger.,was raised,rises,has risen,raised,has risen/has been raised,rose,rising,rose,raising,equipment,un,，“设备，器材，装备”,Whats the cost of equipment?,Well visit a factory with modern equipment this afternoon.,He spent much time and money on the equipment of his new house.,equip,v,，“装备于,，使,本身具备”，,(equipped,、,equipped,，,equipping),Shall we equip our office with a printer?,We found our new school equipped with different kinds of sports facilities.,The more we learn,the more equipped for dealing with all kinds of problems in the modern society we become.,pick out,挑出,找出,了解、领会,He is always quick in picking out the meaning of a passage.,拓展,:,a.,挑三拣四,b.,驾去接某人,c.,恢复健康,d.,遭扒窃,e.,偶然获得,f.,采花,Shall I pick you up at the station?,I had my pocket picked yesterday.,The boy was caught picking flowers in the garden.,Dont pick and choose.We are short of money these days.,I think hell pick up soon.,He picked up the information in a most unlikely place.,Keys:,b df ac e,concern,.vt,.,与,有关，关系到，使有关，使担心,be concerned about sth,.,担心，忧虑,concern oneself about/with sth,.,使自己关心,e.g.Dont _ yourself _other peoples affairs.,别干涉他人的事。,so/as far as sb./sth,.be concerned,就,-,而言,拓展：,concerned adj,.,忧虑的（前置定语、表语），,concerning prep,.,关于,e.g._ _,忧虑的家长,a _ _,忧虑的表情,_ your advice,I am thinking about it.,Its a question _ _ _,这是个关于他个人生活的问题。,concern,about,concerned parents,concerned look,Concerning.,concerning his private life,take into consideration,takeinto consideration,“,考虑到某事”,We must take the weather into consideration first when climbing mountains.,be under consideration,“,正在考虑中”,When to begin the plan of exchange students is under consideration.,leave.out of consideration,“,对,不加考虑”,There is one important fact that has been left out of consideration.,show consideration for,“,体谅”,He shows much consideration for his wife.,in consideration of,“,考虑到,，顾及,”,In consideration of his poor health,they decided to go on the journey without him.,on no consideration,“,绝不,”,On no consideration can you give up the plan.,measure,n.,措施，方法，程度,vt,.,测量（长度，大小，重量等）,The centimeter is a _ of length.,厘米是长度的单位。,The tailor _ me for a suit.,裁缝量了我的尺寸好做西装。,拓展,:to ones own measure,.,按照某人的尺寸,take measures to do sth,.,采取措施做,beyond measure,非常地，过度地,in large measure/in some measure,在很大,/,某种程度上,take ones measure,量,的尺寸；判断,的性格,They took strong measures against dangerous drivers.,The school has taken some measures to prevent cheating.,measure,measured,remain vi.,剩余，遗留，停留,e.g.She _ _ _ _ her children.,她留在家中照顾小孩。,After the fire,_ _.,火灾过后，所剩无几。,link v.,仍然是，保存,=stay,Although he was asked again and again,he _ _.,虽被反复追问，他仍然保持缄默。,拓展：,remaining adj.,剩下的（常作前置定语）,cf.left adj.,剩下的（常作后置定语）,remain to be done,留待以后再说,e.g.It remains to be seen whether he will pass the test.,remained at home to look after,little remained,remained silent,prohibit sb.from doing sth,.,“,用法律、规则等禁止某人做,”,或“事情妨碍某人,”,。,Children are prohibited from buying cigarettes.,The sale of this medicine is prohibited.,His poor eyesight prohibited him from becoming a pilot.,prevent/stop/keep sb.from doing sth,.“,妨碍、防止某人做某事”。其中,prevent,和,stop,词组里的,from,可省略。被动语态中，三个词组中的,from,都不能省略。如：,Her sudden arrival prevented me(from)going out.,The government has taken some measures to prevent the disease from spreading.,Thank you,