考博英语中可能涉及的翻译词汇.doc

分类词汇

11

homogeneous 同质的   
homo + gene +ous( heterogeneous)
mainstream 主流  主流的
dialect 方言(v.s. accent)
discrepancy 差异
misconception 误解 = misunderstanding
barrier 障碍(物) = barricade
discrimination 区别，歧视(+against)
hierarchy 等级制度
insularity 岛国性质   
microcosm 小天地    micro + cosm(os)
nostalgia = homesickness
patriot 爱国者 （patriotic, patriotism）
notoriety 恶名  (? notorious)
counterpart 对应人，对等物
peer 同等的人  凝视，窥视(~ peep)
subordinate 下级  下级的＜superior＞
tactics 战术，技巧v.s. strategy
compatriot 同胞  同胞的com + patriot
vernacular 本地的，本国的  本地话，本国话
immigration 移入~ immigrant, immigrate
emigration  (~ emigrant, emigrate)
permeate 渗透，弥漫
entrepreneur 企业家
practitioner 开业者，从业者
proxy 代理人
anecdote 轶事 
benchmarking 类比分析
punctual 准时的，守时的   
punctuality准时
absenteeism 旷工
flextime 弹性工作时间
harass 骚扰 
redundancy 冗余，冗员
downsize 裁员  (~ lay off)
ballot 投票 (= vote)
impartial 不偏不倚的 ( partial)
lobby 大堂(n.)  游说(v.)
dubbing 配音录制
vogue 时尚 
bizarre 奇异的
weird (怪异的)
mediocre 平庸的
dietitian 饮食学家  (~ diet)
connoisseur 行家，鉴赏家
equilibrium 平衡，均衡
questionnaire 调查表，问卷
quantitative 定量的  (qualitative)
contingency 偶然性，偶然事件
incur 招致
ethical 伦理的，符合伦理的
ethics
dubious 疑惑的，可疑的
manifestation 显示，证明
(manifest)
subtitle 字幕，副标题 
Suburb
outskirts

考博英语翻译中可能涉及的热点词汇

总裁助理　assistant president
综合治理　comprehensive　treatment
信息化 informationization
智力密集concentration of brain　power;　
knowledge-intensive
外资企业　overseas-funded enterprises
下岗职工　laid-off workers
分流　reposition　of　redundant　personnel
三角债　chain debts
素质教育　education for all-round development
豆腐渣工程　jerry-built　projects
社会治安情况　law-and-order situation
民族国家　nation state
台独independence of Taiwan
台湾当局　Taiwan authorities
台湾同胞　Taiwan compatriots
领土 territory
西部大开发　Development of the West Regions
可持续性发展　sustainable　development
风险投资　risk　investment
通货紧缩　deflation
扩大内需　to expand domestic demand
网络空间　cyberspace
虚拟现实　virtual　reality
网民　netizen　(net citizen)
电脑犯罪　computer　crime
电子商务　the　e-business
网上购物　shopping　online
应试教育　exam-oriented　education
学生减负　to reduce study load
下岗　laid-off　workers
下网　off　line
小康之家　well-off　family；
comfortably-off　family
新新人类　New Human Being或者X Generation
信息港　info port
学生处　students' affairs division
研究生毕业证/学位证　graduate diploma
摇钱树　cash　cow
以人为本　people oriented；people foremost
义务教育　compulsory　education
易拉罐　pop　can
应试教育　examination-oriented education system
舆论导向　direction of public opinion
在职博士生　on-job doctorate
早恋　puppy　love
招生就业指导办公室　enrolment and vocation guidance office
证券营业部　stock exchangese；urity exchange
知识产权　intellectual property rights
中专生　secondary specialized or　technical　school　student
中流砥柱　mainstay；chief corner stone
专卖店　exclusive　agency;　franchised　store
自我保护意识　self-protection　awareness
综合国力　comprehensive　national　strength
综合业务数字网　integrated　service　digital　network　(ISDN)
公正、公平、公开　just,　fair　and　open
好莱坞大片　Hollywood　blockbuster
黄金时段　prime　time
假唱　lip-synch
劲射　power　shot
拉拉队　cheering squad
来电显示电话机　caller　ID　telephone
论文答辩　(thesis)　oral　defense
泡沫经济　bubble　economy
票贩子　scalper；ticket tout
拳头产品　competitive　products；knock-out　products；blockbuster
三角恋爱　love　triangle
三维动画片　three-dimensional　animation
申办奥运会　bid　for　the　Olympic　Games
实现中华民伟大复兴　bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinesenation
市场疲软　sluggish market
脱贫致富　cast　(shake；throw)off　poverty　
网吧　Internet　bar
网恋　online　love　affair
网上冲浪　surf　the　Internet
网上交易平台　online　trading　platform
网友　net　friend
无人售票　self-service　ticketing

附录：英语翻译与写作常用动宾词组
一、政治类

把…捐给慈善机构 donate …to charities   
把…看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society  
把…列为基本国策list…..as fundamental national policies
把…作为指导      take… as the guide        
把理论和实际结合起来 integrate theory with practice
把握大局  grasp the overall situation
摆脱贫穷落后  get rid of poverty and backwardness   
保护妇女权利不受侵犯 guarantee (protect) women’s rights against infringement
采取各种措施   adopt various measures
参政、议政 participate in the management of State affairs
充满信心和力量 be filled with confidence and strength
打破僵局 break the deadlock
打破禁区 break off a forbidden zone
得出结论 draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion 
锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army  
对…具有深远的影响have a far-reaching impact on
对…做出重要(巨大)贡献 make important (great, major )contributions to  
反对各种形式的恐怖主义 be opposed to all forms of terrorism
反腐倡廉 combat corruption and build a clean government
高举伟大旗帜 hold high the great banner     
给…带来机遇和挑战 present (bring) both opportunities and challenges to  
根除 (防止,消除)腐败 root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption
观察当今世界  observe the present-day world                  
缓和紧张状况  ease the tension
回顾奋斗历程 review the course of struggle   
加快改革步伐 accelerate the speed of reform
加强舆论监督ensure that the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion
坚持改革开放政策adhere to the reform and open policy
坚持统一，反对分裂，增加 persist in reunification, oppose separation, increase
了解，化解歧见 understanding and iron out differences
减轻农民负担 alleviate farmer’s burden
解放思想emancipate our minds
解决温饱问题 solve the problem of food and clothing      
解决新问题resolve new problems  
进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world     
进入新时期 enter a new period           
进行和谈hold peace talks                                           
进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment
就…接受妥协accept a compromise on
开始生效go into effect (enter into force)      
开拓前进open up new ways forward         
科教兴国rejuvenate our country through science and education
理顺关系 rationalize the relationship
履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations         
迈出重要的一步make an important step
热爱和平  love peace
深化改革deepen the reform                     
审时度势  size up the situation
实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity
实现民族独立realize national independence  
实现夙愿  fulfill the long-cherished wishes  
实现小康目标achieve the goal of ensuring our people a relative comfortable life
实现中华民族伟大复兴bring about a great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation
实行新政策 practice new policies  
受到全世界广泛关注attract extensive attention worldwide
缩小差别  bridge (narrow) the gap
完成中华民族的振兴大业 implement the revitalization of our nation
维护世界和平 maintain world peace   
吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations  
下放权力给delegate the management of ... (to ...)
退还大量钱款 give back an amount of money
完善服务 perfect services
为…带来多种经济和社会效益　bring multiple economic and social benefits to…  
为…提供巨大商机 present huge business opportunities   
吸收游资absorb idle fund
吸引外商投资 attract foreign investment
下海  plunge into the commercial sea
陷入困境   land oneself in deep trouble
向…投资巨额资金invest huge amounts of money into   
消灭假冒伪劣产品 wipe out fake products
以经济建设为中心 focus on the central task of economic construction
以质量求生存、求发展、求效益 strive for survival, development and efficiency on the basis of
equality
优胜劣汰 select the superior and eliminate the inferior  
优先发展公共运输 give priority to the development of public transportation
有巨大潜力have huge potential for
与国际市场接轨integrate with the world market; become integrated into the global market
在…建立分公司 set up branches in  
造成很大压力 pose a big pressure on      
造成损失   cause a loss to
增加农业投入invest more in agriculture
占领市场10%  occupy (take, account for ) 10 percent of the market  
招商引资 attract (bid for, invite) investments (from overseas)
制订…法律   make a law of  
制定优惠政策work out favorable policy
制造假象 create smoke screens to do
阻碍…的经济发展handicap (hamper) the economic development  
阻止人才流失stop the talent flight (brain drain)
遵循市场经济的规律follow the law of market economy
二、经济类

爱岗敬业 cherish posts and devote wholeheartedly to work
保持国民经济发展的良好势头maintain a good momentum of growth in the national economy
保持国有股  keep the State-held shares
保证下岗职工的基本生活guarantee the basic needs of laid-off workers  
被指控接受贿赂     be accused of accepting bribes
采取不同的办法 adopt various methods
采取反垄断措施  take anti-monopoly measures              
承担风险   bear (take) risk
筹集足够的资金 raise enough funds (capital, proceeds)
创收外汇 earn foreign exchange (currency)
刺激国内经济需求pur domestic demand
刺激国内需求stimulate domestic demand
从粗放经济转变为集约经济 shift from extensive economy to intensive economy
从国外引进先进技术和管理经验   introduce from abroad the advanced technology and management expertise
促进地区间的合作promote regional cooperation
促进改革promote reform                                          
促进全球经济一体化 foster integration with the global economy
打黑 crack down on speculation and profiteering
打假     take strong measures against fake and shoddy products
打破垄断 break the monopoly
对…提出控告(投诉)   lodge complaints against…
对…造成(构成)威胁   form (pose) a threat to…      
夺回失去的市场 take back lost market      
发挥自身优势 give full play to one’s advantages  
防范和化解金融风险 take precautions against and reduce financial risks
改善投资环境 improve the environment for investment  
赶超先进 surpass the advanced
给…带来积极影响bring a more positive impact on…
根据市场作出调整 gear ourselves to the market orientation  
公证财产 notarize the properties
和…达成(签订)协议 reach (sign) an agreement with                      
和…进一步合作  further cooperation with
和…有合作关系 have cooperative ties with
活跃市场 enliven the market
集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development
计算出准确的工资水平figure out an exact salary level
加快经济发展和结构调整speed up economic development and restructuring   
加快竞争步伐 accelerate the competition
加快努力 speed up efforts  
加强风险防范prepare oneself against possible risks  
加强管理  reinforce the management
减缓通货紧缩的压力ease the seriousness of deflation
减轻…的负担 reduce (lighten) the burden of (on)  
减员增效 downsize for efficiency; cut payroll to improve efficiency
剪彩  cut the ribbon
解除劳动关系 sever labor relation
解放生产力 emancipate the productive forces (free the productivity)
精简机构    streamline government organs
竟争上岗   compete for the post
举报非法行为disclose any illegal activities
开辟更多渠道  open more channels
开发(青睐)中国市场 tap (favor) the Chinese market  
开拓市场  exploit markets  
控制通货膨胀 control inflation (keep inflation under control)  
扩大贫富差距widen the gap between the rich and the poor
扩大消费市场 expand consumption market
留职停薪  retain the job but suspend the salary
面对可能的压力和竞争 face possible pressure and competition  
牟取暴利   seek excessive profits
平衡经济(的发展)  balance economy
取缔非法收入  ban unlawful incomes (illegal earnings)            
让…处于同一起跑线put… on the same platform and at the same starting point  
让位于竞争需要   give way to the need for competition  
申请专利 apply for a patent
实现目标 realize the goal
适应…的发展 adapt oneself to the development of
损失惨重   suffer great losses
缩小不平衡状态decrease the imbalance
缩小…间的距离 narrow the gap between   
提高公务员工资 raise the salaries of civil servants
提高管理水平 raise the management level
提高居民生活 improve residents’ standard of living
调整产业结构 adjust the industrial structure  
推广科研成果turn laboratory achievements into commercial (mass
精神和实践能力为重点的and emphasizing creativity and practice
使英语达到更高水平push one’s English to a higher level
受到…的关注receive attention from
疏导游客  divert tourists
疏通关系 lubricate relationships
树立企业良好形象foster a good and healthy company image
刷卡, 划卡punch the card; stamp the card
陶冶情操cultivate one’s taste (temperament)
提倡文明的生活方式advocate civilized lifestyle (way of life)
提高公务员的综合素质   improve the overall quality of civil servants
提高全民反毒品的意识 raise the consciousness of the entire people vs. drugs
提高知名度raise one’s prestige
提供受教育机会offer a chance of education
通过资格考试pass qualification examinations
透过现象看本质see through the appearance to perceive the essence
推动人类文明进步push forward human civilization
挖墙脚  undermine the foundation of sth. (cut the ground from under sb’s feet)
物质文明,精神文明一起抓  pay equal attention to (place equal emphasis on) the material progress and cultural (ethical) progress
相互促进 help each other forward
向世界展示中国文化建设的成就    introduce China’s achievements of cultural advancement to the world
向学生传授知识 impart knowledge to students
消除误解clear up misunderstanding  
消除愚昧 eliminate ignorance
形成文明、健康、崇尚科学的社会风尚   form civilized, healthy and science-upholding social practice                  
以全新的面貌进入新世纪 enter the new century with a brand-new colorful look
因材施教 teach students according to their aptitude
引起激烈争论 spark a hot debate
营造良好的文化环境  create a healthy cultural environment
影响身心健康 affect physical and psychological health
有力地推动教育的发展give a big push to the development of education
与各国人民交往 communicate with people of all countries
增强自我保护意识strengthen one’s awareness of protecting one’s right
找工作 hunt for a job
值得重视(关注) deserve one’s attention
制止盗版软件 control the pirated software
重视(优先考虑)教育发展 give priority to the development of education
重视实用性  place stress on practicality
尊重知识，尊重人才 respect knowledge and respect competent people
三、文化生活类

把…列为世界自然文化遗产 list …as a world natural heritage site
摆架子(摆谱儿) put on airs
保护文化遗产  protect cultural heritage (relics)
博采各国文化之长 draw on strong point of the cultures of other countries
采取保护态度 take protective attitude
承担应有的义务undertake the due obligations
承前启后，继往开来build on the past and prepare for the future, inherit the past and usher in the future
充分发挥知识分子的积极性和创造性give full play to the initiative and creativity ofintellectuals
触击现行法律的盲区 touch a blank area of the existing law
创建卫生城市build a nationally advanced clean city
辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new (ring out the old year and ring in the new)
从事电子商务工作conduct e-commerce
促进儿童身心健康发展promote the healthy development of children both physically andmentally
促进交流 promote the communication
促进文化市场健康发展facilitate the sound development of the markets for cultural products
促进相互了解 enhance (further) mutual understanding
得到群众的广泛支持enjoy grass-root support
抵住…的诱惑resist the temptation of
对…持欢迎态度take a welcoming attitude to
对…情有独钟  show special preference (favor) to
发挥…的聪明才智  develop one’s own talents and wisdom
发挥潜力     tap one’s potential
繁荣文学艺术  enable literature and art to flourish promote flourishing literature and art
反映中国的灿烂文化 reflect the rich culture of China
放下架子 relinquish haughty airs (get off one’s high horse, throw off one’s airs)
腐蚀人的灵魂 poison one’s mind
改进教学 improve teaching and learning
给学生减负alleviate the burden on students
和…持相同观点 share views similar to
互派访问学者 exchange visiting scholars
激发旅游热情  stimulate enthusiasm for traveling
继承历史文化优秀传统 carry on the fine cultural traditions handed from history carry on the fine historical and cultural traditions
加强文化基础设施建设build more cultural establishments
讲诚信，反欺诈honor credibility and oppose cheating
交换意见 exchange views (ideas, opinions)
教书育人impart knowledge and educate people
经受住暴风雨的考验weather the storm
精心编写教材 compile the textbooks with great care
净化因特网   purify the Net
举办文化节(展览会)  hold (conduct, give) cultural festivals (an exhibition)
举行学术会议 hold an academic meeting
开创假日经济 initiate Holiday Economy
开发潜力 exploit one’s potential
开阔视野 widen one’s vision (horizon)
开设课程 offer courses
开展对外文化交流   conduct cultural exchange with other countries
开展群众性文化活动carry out mass