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课题
Unit2讲解一、名词的单复数及所有格
总课时____
第 _ 3_ 课
教学
目标
1） 掌握SectionA部分的重点短语、句型及中考考法，提高做题的技巧。
2） 通过分析句子结构，培养阅读的能力。
3） 掌握名词的单复数、名词的所有格的用法。
难点
重点
1）能运用部分重点短语、句型，提高做题的技巧。
2）教学难点：名词的单复数、名词的所有格的用法。
课
堂
教
学
过
程
课前
检查
作业完成情况：优□ 良□ 中□ 差□ 建议__________________________________________
过
程
第一课时：
STEP1: 复习unit2课后单词、短语（单词跟读，并理解记忆发音规律和中文意思。）
STEP2： 重难点知识点讲解与扩展
1. You could help to clean up the city parks.你可以帮助打扫城市公园。
【解析1】help v →helpful
1). help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事。
2). help sb. out 帮助某人克服困难，渡过难关、解决问题、完成工作。
3). help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事。
【2013日照】15. — Mary is so ________
— she comes to you whenever you’re in trouble.
A. useful B. careful C. thankful D. helpful
【解析2】clean up 把……打扫干净（v. + adv.）
clean up the table = clean the table up
①It’s your turn ____________up the kitchen.(clean)
2. The girl could visit the sick kids in the hospital to cheer them up. 女孩可以去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们振作起来。
【解析1】sick /ill ：
(1) sick adj.“生病的”，既可放be (系动词)后作表语，也可放n.前作定语 sick person = patient“病人”
(2) ill adj.“生病的”，只能放be (系动词)后作表语， be ill in hospital 生病住院
ill → illness n.“病；疾病”
He had a sick mother. 他有一位生病的母亲
( )1、 The ___ girl was sent to hospital by her mother yesterday.
A. sick B. ill C. good D. well
【解析2】in the hospital 与in hospital
(1) in the hospital“在医院” 指人在医院里，允许是在医院上班，允许是到医院看望病人等；
(2) in hospital “在医院；住院” 指生病住院。
( ) 【湖南】— My grandfather was ill _____ last week.
— I’m sorry to hear that.
A. in a hospital B. in the hospital
C. in hospital D. in hospitals
【解析3】cheer up 使振奋，使高兴的（v. +adv）
cheer sb. up =make sb. happy 使某人高兴 cheer me up 使我高兴
( ) ①You could visit _____children in the hospital and _____them______.
A. ill, set, up B. sick, clean, up C. sick, cheer, up
3. The boy could give out food at the food bank. 男孩可以在食物站分发食物
【解析】give out =hand out分发(v. +adv) hand out bananas
give out sth to sb. 分….给某人
Our teacher begins_____________(分发) our test paper.
give away 赠送give away money to kids
( ) 1、We have raised some books. We’ll ___to the poor children.
A. put them up B. give them away
C. give them away. D. put out them
4. We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean -up Day.
我们需要为城市公园清洁日想出一个计划。
【解析】come up with =think up 想出
【2013】19. — It is too noisy here. I can’t stand it.
— Me, too. We have to________ new ways to solve the problem.
A. catch up with B. keep up with C. come up with
5. Oh , what did they ask you to help out with? 哦，他们让你帮助做些什么？
【解析】help out 帮助； 帮助......出来
help sb. out 使某人脱离困境
【2013山东】24. He ______ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area ______.
A. put out, to work out well B. handed out, help them out
C gave out, work out well D. gave away; to help them out
6. They told me stories about the past and how things used to be.
他们给我讲过去的故事，并告诉我过去事情是什么样子的。
【解析1】 (1) use v.使用→useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完
Studying English is__________(use).
(2) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。
①My mother used_________（tell）us story when we were young.
【2013黑龙江】30. She live with her grandparents , but she doesn’t now.
A. used to B. is used to C. was used to
7、That sounds interesting. 那听起来挺有趣。
【解析】sound (1)n声音 We heard a strange sound.
【辨析】Sound/noise/voice
⑴sound(n.)指自然界中所有的声音，可指悦耳的声音也可指噪音。
⑵noise一般指很响的，刺耳的声音，即喧闹，嘈杂声等。
③voice指人通过发音器官发出的声音（包括说话，唱歌等）。
Mary has a beautiful voice. 玛丽的声音很美。
Don't make such a noise. 别这样大声喧哗。
【2011四川】4. Stop making so much _____. The children are sleeping.
A. voice B. noise C. sound
(2) vi.听起来，似乎，其后加表语（形容词，介词短语，名词）
—How does the music sound to you? 这音乐你听起来怎么样？
—It sounds beautiful. 它听起来很美。
【2013山东】25. —Do you know the song Gangnam Style?
—Of course. It ________ interesting.
A. tastes B. smells C. sounds D. feels
8. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. 是的，很多老年人都很孤独。
【解析】alone / lonely 辨析：
(1)alone = by oneself adj. 单独的，指无人陪伴的客观事实，不带感情色彩。
He often walks alone to home .
(2)lonely ①指人孤独的，寂寞的，强调主观感受；②也可指某个地方是荒凉的
【2011】12. His grandparents live ____ in a small house, but they don’t feel _______.
A. lonely; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. alone; alone
9. We should listen to them and care for them .
我们应该倾听他们说话并且关心他们。
【解析】care for 照看；照顾； 照料
【2013】 33. Many students in our school _______ the old and they usually offer
their seats to them on buses.
A. worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
10. Mario Green and Mary Brown from Riverside High School give up several hours each week to help others. 来自河畔高中的马里奥。格林和玛丽每周都会花几个小时去帮助别人。
【解析1】give up 放弃
give up doing sth=stop doing sth 放弃做某事
【2013江苏】13. — It's too hard for me to be a trail walker.
— Never ________. Believe in yourself!
A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up
【解析2】several 可作定语，表示“几个”： = a few
My friend speaks several languages. 我的朋友能讲几种语言
11. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.
他每周六早上在动物医院做志愿者。
【解析】volunteer v 志愿 n 志愿者
volunteer to do sth 志愿做某事
①Jack volunteered _________(carry) the water.
12. ... But I want to learn more about how to care for animals...
但是我想学习更多的关于如何照顾动物的知识
【解析】 “疑问词+不定式”作及物动词的宾语，
【记】：I don’t know what to do.
I don’t’ know how to do it .
I don’t know what to do with it.
①I don’t know what _________(bring) to the party.
13. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. 当我看到动物们变得更好，并且它们的主人的脸上呈现喜悦之情时，我有一种很强烈的满足感。
【解析1】such such a/an +形容词+可数名词单数
【2013江苏泰州1】9. “I'm a singer” is ________ an interesting TV show
________ many people like watching it.
A. so; that B. such; that C. so; as D. such; as
【解析2】get better 变得更好
14. She could read by herself at the age of four.
她在四岁的时候就能够独自阅读。
【解析】at the age of 在......岁的时候= when sb. was ... Years old.
【2013南京2】28. —Do you know Mu Yan?
—Of course, He won the 2012 Nobel Prize four Literature the age of 57.
A. in B. at C. on D. to
15. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
去年，她决定尝试在一个课后阅读项目中做一名志愿者。
【解析】try out 尝试；实验
try v 试图，设法，努力
【拓展】 (1)try on 试穿
(2) try to do sth 努力做某事 【侧重尽力做】
(3) try doing sth 试图做某事 【侧重尝试做】
(4)try one’s best to do sth= do one’s best to do sth 尽某人最大努力做某事
①We should __________________(尽最大努力)to be happy in the future.
( ) ② We should try ___ much fruit.
A. eat B. to eat C. eating D. eats
16. She still works there once a week to help kids learn to read.
她仍然每周在那里工作一次，帮助孩子们学习阅读。
【解析】once a week 一周一次
17. ...，but you can see in their eyes they’re going on a different journey with each
new book,......, 但是你能从他们的眼睛里看到他们正随着每本新书在进行不
同的旅行。
【解析】go on a journey = go on a trip去旅行
18. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me.
对于我来说，在这里做志愿工作使我梦想成真。
【解析】 come true 实现
【2013四川】27. If we Chinese work hard together. China Dream will ______ .
A. come out B. come true C. achieve
19. I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time.
我不但可以做我自己喜欢的事，同时还可以帮助其他人。
【解析】at the same time 同时,
【2011上海】This novel can make you laugh and cry at ___ same time.
A.a B.an C.the D. /
20、There are many people who are less lucky than us .
有很多没有我们幸运的人。
【解析】less 较少的； 较次的
【2012 呼和浩特1】5. To live a green life, we should try to save ______ energy and
produce_______ pollution.
A. more; less B. less; more C. more; fewer D. most; least
21、For example , we can make plans to visit sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. 例如， 我们可以制定一些计划去看望医院生病的孩子们或者无家可归的人们筹钱。
【解析1】for example
⑴for example“例如”，一般只以同类事物或人中的“一个”为例，作插入语，
用逗号隔开，可置于句首、句中或句末。
For example，he is a good student. 例如，他就是个好学生。
【解析2】 raise （raised; raised) v 募集；征集
raise money for... “为......筹款”
【解析3】 home n 家→homeless adj. 无家可归的
a homeless boy 一个无家可归的男孩
【2011宁夏】28. We have only one Earth. It's our common _____.
A. family B. house C. home D. room
22、Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year to move to another country, like Africa,and help people there.
有些人甚至会停下自己的工作几个月到一年去其他的国家，像非洲，并且帮助那里的人们。
【解析】 stop doing
(1)stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop speaking.请停止讲话
(2)stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事 Please stop to talk.请停下来讲话
【2013年孝感】39. —Dad, why must I stop computer games?
—For your health, my boy.
A. play B. to play C. to playing D. playing
第二课时：
一、 名词：关于名词，我们必须掌握名词的数，名词的格。
1、名词的单复数
单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是a
1.复数的构成方法：
(1)一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog--dogs。
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch--watches。
(3 )以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es， 如：country--countries。
请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词(a、e、i、o、u)，则只须加s。 如：monkey--monkeys。
(4) 以o结尾的名词，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西红柿)加es构成复数。
(5) 以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es， 如：knife--knives。
2. 单复数形式相同的词：sheep--sheep，fish--fish Chinese--Chinese，Japanese--Japanese
3. 特殊变化的单词有：(1)tooth--teeth，foot--feeth
(2)man--men，woman--women，policeman--policemen, Frenchman--Frenchmen
请区别：German(德国人)—Germans (3)child—children
4. 常以复数形式出现的名词：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(裤子) glasses(眼镜) ,这些名词作主语时，同学们应特别注意它们的谓语，用复数。 如：My clothes are (be) newer than yours.
5. 有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。这一点是同学不易掌握的，应特别加以记忆。
如：news(消息)，maths(数学)，physics(物理) No news is good news.
6. 可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。
How many are there in your pencil-box?(knife)
不可数名词：
1、常见的不可数名词有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。应特别记medicine, news, work, homework, housework, money, chalk, weather, cotton, wood.
2. 不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some bread__________over there.(be)
3. 常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词。
4. 常用a piece of, a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。如要表达“两片面包”这样的意义，bread仍为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则可加s。即：two pieces of bread
请区别：可数名词也可用量来表示， 如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples
例： 1、These two pieces of bread __________over there.(be)
2、Could I have three ___________,please？
A.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces of bread D.pieces of breads
2、名词的格
名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“ 's”。如：Tom→Tom's译为“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“ '”即可。如：Teachers' Day , two weeks' holiday，而不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's 。如：Children's Day
关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：
1.可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunt's 我姑姑家。 go to the doctor's 去医生家。
2.表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's 如：Lucy and Lily's 露西和莉莉的
3.掌握词组：a girl of five 一个五岁的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一个朋友
4、a two-day holiday 一个两天的假期 a two-year-old girl一个2岁的女孩
这叫复合形容词，用连字符相连时，名词只能用单数形式。
随堂检测：一、写出下列名词的复数形式
1、orange 2、class 3、text
4、monkey 5、piano 6、child
7、shelf 8、bed 9、country
10、family 11、toy 12、foot
13、Japanese 14、radio 15、photo
16、army 17、tomato 18、fox
19、woman 20、knife 22、sheep
二、选择填空题
1、The whit shirt is and blue one is .
A、Kate, my B.Kate's, mine C.Kate, mine D.Kate's, my
2. Are these_____(watch)yours? Yes.
3. You don't look well.You'd better go to the______(doctor) at once.
4. Would you give me________, please?
A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers
5. There are three_____and seven____in the picture.
A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep D.monkies,sheeps
6. A lot of____are talking with two_______.
A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchmans C.German,Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen
7. June 1 is __. A.the Children's Day B.the Childrens' Day C.Children's Day D.Childrens' Day
课后练习：
一、名词的单复数练习
1、There on the wall .They are very beautiful.
A. are photoes B. are photos
C. is a photo D. is photos
2. This car made in Shanghai.
A. is B .are C .were D .has
3. There are four and two in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen
C. Japanese, German C.Japanese, Germans
4. That’s art book.
A. an B. a C. the D are
5. The boys have got already.
A. two bread B. two breads
C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread
6. The old man wants .
A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple
C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples
7. There some in the river.
A. is, fish B. are, fishs C. is, fishs D. are, fish
8. There two in the box.
A. is watch B. are watches C. are watch D. is watches
9. We should clean twice a day.
A .our tooth B. our tooths C. teeth D. our teeth
10.The _____ meeting room is near the reading room.
A. teacher B.teacher’s C.teachers’ D.teachers
11. In Britain _____ are all painted red.
A. letter boxes B.letters boxes C. letter box D.letters box
二、名词所有格练习
( )1.The girl talking to Mary is a friend of ________.
A. Mary’s sister B. Mary sister’s C. Mary’s sister’s D. Sister of Mary’s
( )2. The woman over there is ______ mother.
A. Julia and Shelley’s B. Julia’s and Shelley’s
C. Julia and Shelley D. Julia’s and Shelley
( )3．---Excuse me，where are ______ offices? ---Over there．
A. teacher’s B. teachers’ C. the teacher’s D. the teachers’
( )4．Today is September 10th. It’s_____. Let’s go and buy some flowers for our teachers.
A. Teachers’ day B. Teachers’ Day C. the Teachers’ day D. Teacher’s Day
( )5．We’ll have a _____ holiday. What about going to the West Lake?
A. two days B. two-day C. two-days D. two day’s
( )6．This is my dress. That one is ____.
A. Mary B. Mary’s C. she’s D. his
课堂
检测
听课及知识掌握情况反馈_________________________________________________________。
测试题(累计不超过20分钟)_______道；成绩_______；教学需:加快□;保持□;放慢□;增加内容□
课后
巩固
作业_____题; 巩固复习____________________ ; 预习布置_____________________
签字
学习管理师: 家长或学生签字：
10
Unit 1 What’s the matter?（熟记、抽查）
重点短语 、句型
1. have a fever 发烧
2. have a cough 咳嗽
3. have a toothache 牙疼
4. talk too much 说得太多
5. drink enough water 喝足够的水
6. have a cold 受凉;感冒
7. have a stomachache 胃疼
8. have a sore back 背疼
9. have a sore throat 喉咙痛
10. lie down and rest 躺下来休息
11. hot tea with honey 加蜂蜜的热茶
12. see a dentist 看牙医
13. get an X-r
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