英语作文布局谋篇八种常用句型.doc

作文布局谋篇八种常用句型
　　一)原因
　　1.A number of factors are accountable for this situation.
　　A number of factors might contribute to (lead to )(account for ) the phenomenon(problem).
　　2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.
　　3. The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...
　　4. The factors that contribute to this situation include...
　　5. The change in ...largely results from the fact that...
　　6. We may blame ...,but the real causes are...
　　7. Part of the explanations for it is that ...
　　One of the most common factors (causes ) is that ...
　　Another contributing factor (cause ) is ...
　　Perhaps the primary factor is that …
　　But the fundamental cause is that
　　二)比较
　　1.The advantage far outweigh the disadvantages.
　　2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.
　　3.A may be preferable to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...
　　4.It is reasonable to maintain that ...but it would be foolish to claim that...
　　5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages.
　　6.Like anything else, it has its faults.
　　7.A and B has several points in common.
　　8.A bears some resemblances to B.
　　9.However, the same is not applicable to B.
　　10. A and B differ in several ways.
　　11. Evidently, it has both negative and positive effects.
　　12. People used to think ..., but things are different now.
　　13. The same is true of B.
　　14. Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks.
　　15. It is true that A ... , but the chief faults (obvious defects )are ...
　　三)批驳
　　1)It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.
　　2) There is a grain of truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.
　　3) Some people say ..., but it does not hold water.
　　4) Many of us have been under the illusion that...
　　5) A close examination would reveal how ridiculous the statement is.
　　6) It makes no sense to argue for ...
　　7) Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...
　　8) Such a statement mainly rests on the assumption that ...
　　9) Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
四)后果
　　1. It may give rise to a host of problems.
　　2. The immediate result it produces is ...
　　3. It will exercise a profound influence upon...
　　4. Its consequence can be so great that...
　　五)举例
　　1) A good case in point is ...
　　2) As an illustration, we may take ...
　　3) Such examples might be given easily.
　　4) ...is often cited as an example.
　　六)证明
　　1) No one can deny the fact that ...
　　2) The idea is hardly supported by facts.
　　3) Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
　　4) Recent studies indicate that ...
　　5) There is sufficient evidence to show that ...
　　6) According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that ...
　　七)开篇
　　1) Many nations have been faced with the problem of ...
　　2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
　　3) Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
　　4) Recently the issue has aroused great concern among ...
　　5) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
　　6) Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.
　　7) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
　　8) According to a recent survey, ...
　　9) With the rapid development of ..., ...
　　八)结尾
　　1) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
　　2) It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
　　3) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
　　4) In conclusion, it is imperative that ...
　　5) There is no easy method, but ...might be of some help.
　　6) To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
　　7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will crop up.
　　8) With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem will be solved thoroughly.
　　9) We might do more than identify the cause ; it is important to take actions to ...
　　10) Taking all these into account, we ...
　　11) Whether it is good or not /positive or negative, one thing is certain/clear...
(一)段首句
　　1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
　　There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
　　2. 俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
　　There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
　　3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。
　　Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
　　4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。
　　Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides，______.
　　5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
　　Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
　　6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……
　　People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
　　7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
　　Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
　　8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
　　______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
　　9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
　　______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has 的 brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
　　10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢?
　　According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______while. Obviously, ______, but why?
　　(二)段落中间句
　　1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。
　　On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time, they say____.
　　2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。
　　But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of的all，___.
　　3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，(也是)非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是……
　　______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction.的First，______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______.
　　4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。
　　There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
　　5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面，
　　Confronted with______, we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another, ______
　　6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定
　　会……。
　　It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition.的_____.All these measures will certainly______.
　　7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于……
　　Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is的______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.
　　8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。
　　However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own的disadvantages, such as ______.
　　9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。
　　Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.
　　10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述)，主要理由如下：
　　I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
1. 用于文章主题句
　　1.不用说¸…
　　It goes without saying that子句
　　= (It is) needless to say (that)子句
　　= It is obvious that子句
　　= Obviously, S. + V.
　　例︰不用说早睡早起是值得的。
　　It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.
　　2.…是不可能的; 无法…
　　There is no Ving来源：
　　= There is no way of Ving.
　　= There is no possibility of Ving.
　　= It is impossible to V.
　　= It is out of the question to V.
　　= No one can V.
　　= We cannot V.
　　例︰不可否认的¸成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。
　　There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.
　　3.我深信…
　　I am greatly convinced (that)子句
　　= I am greatly assured (that)子句
　　例︰我深信预防是于治疗。
　　I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.
　　4.在各种…之中¸…
　　Among various kinds of …, …
　　= Of all the …, …
　　例︰在各种运动中¸我尤其喜欢慢跑。
　　Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
　　5.…是很容易证明的。
　　It can be easily proved (that)子句
　　例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
　　It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.
　　6.…无论如何强调都不为过
　　… cannot be overemphasized
　　例︰交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。
　　The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.
　　7.就我的看法¸…;我认为…
　　In my opinion, …
　　= To my mind, ….
　　= As far as I am concerned, …
　　= I am of the opinion that子句
　　例︰就我的看法¸打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
　　In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.
　　8.(A) 每个人都知道…
　　Everyone knows (that)子句
　　(B) 就我所知¸…
　　As far as my knowledge is concerned, …
　　例︰就我所知¸下列方法对我帮助很大。
　　As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.
　　9.毫无疑问地¸…
　　There is no doubt (that)子句
　　例︰毫无疑问地¸近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。
　　There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.
　　10. 根据我个人经验¸…
　　According to my personal experience, …
　　= Based on my personal experience, …
　　例︰根据我个人经验¸微笑已带给我许多好处。
　　According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.
11. 在我认识的人当中¸也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。
　　Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …
　　例︰在我认识的人当中¸也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。
　　Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.
　　12. 在我的求学过程中¸我忘不了…
　　In the course of my schooling. I will never forget …
　　例︰在我的求学过程中¸我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。
　　In the course of my schooling. I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.
　　13. (A) 随着人口的增加¸… With the increase/growth of the population, …
　　(B) 随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, …
　　例︰随着台湾经济的快速发展¸许多社会问题产生了。
　　With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.
　　14. (A) 在这信息的年代¸…扮演重要的角色。
　　In the age of information and commun ication, … plays an important role.
　　(B) 在今日工业社会中¸…是生命不可或缺的。
　　In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.
　　例︰在这信息的年代¸计算机扮演非常重要的角色。
　　In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.
　　15. 在讨论…¸一个人不得不承认…。
　　In dealing with …, one cannot but admit (that)子句
　　例︰在讨论未来的职业¸一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。
　　In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible.
　　16. 世上没有什么比…更令我高兴。
　　Nothing in the world can delight me so much as …
　　例︰世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。
　　Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.
　　17. … 是必要的 It is necessary that S (should) V
　　… 是重要的 It is important/essential that S (should) V
　　… 是适当的 It is proper that S (should) V
　　… 是紧急的 It is urgent that S (should) V
　　例︰我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。
　　It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.
　　18. 每当我听到…¸我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited.
　　每当我做…¸ 我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.
　　每当我想到…¸我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous.
　　每当我遭遇…¸我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.
　　每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised.
　　例︰每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪¸我就忍不住感到悲伤。
　　Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I can not but feel sad.
　　= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.
　　19. 据说… It is said (that)子句
　　一般认为… It is thought (that)子句
　　大家都知道… It is known (that)子句
　　据报导… It is reported (that)子句
　　一般预料… It is expected (that)子句
　　一般估计… It is estimated (that)子句
　　一般相信… It is believed (that)子句
　　例︰一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。
　　It is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
　　20. …的主要理由是…采集者退散
　　The main reason why ….. is (that)子句
　　例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。
　　The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.
　　21. 俗语说得好：「…」。
　　Well goes an old saying, "…"
　　= As an old saying goes(runs, says), "…"
　　= An old saying goes, "…"
　　= It's an old saying (that)子句
　　例︰俗话说得好：「诚实为上策」。
　　As an old saying goes, "Honesty is the best policy."
　　22. (A) …用下列方法… … in the following ways.
　　(B) …有三个主要理由。 … for three major reasons.
　　(C) 要…¸至少我们可做三件事。 To …, there are at least three things we can do.
　　例︰(A) 我用下列方法增加信心。
　　I increase my confidence in the following ways.
　　(B) 人们学外语有三个理由。
　　People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.
　　(C) 为了维护健康¸我们每天至少可做三件事。
　　To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.
II. 用于文章承转句
　　23. 那就是(说)…;亦即…
　　That is to say, …
　　= That is, …
　　= Namely, …
　　例︰我们生活需有规律。也就是说¸早睡早起¸戒除烟酒。
　　We need to live a regular life. That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.
　　24. (A) 基于这个理由¸… For this reason, …
　　(B) 为了这个目的¸… For this purpose, …
　　例︰基于这个理由¸我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。