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新东方在线 [ ]网络课堂电子教材系列 听力词汇必备
听力词汇必备
主讲:曹倩
欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材
第一章 六级听力考试
考试基础:
1、单词:一切考题的基础,尤其听力答题。
2、语音语速:想做题,先得听到说的是什么。
3、习惯表达和固定搭配:题目难点之一。
4、解题技巧:通过真题提炼,需使用自如。
第二章 听力考试必背词汇
考试必备词汇:
1、常见场景词汇
2、听力多义词汇
3、发音易错词汇
4、拼写费力词汇
5、同义替换词汇
6、短语固定搭配
1、 场景词汇:assignment, paper, thesis,alcohol, liquor, specialty,clutch, mechanic, brake,passport, boarding pass,tenant, landlord, lease;
2、 听力多义词汇:paper, article, credit,treat, tip,fine, ticket,stock market, stockroom
3、 发音易错词汇:register ['redʒistə];obstacle ['ɔbstəkl];illustrate['iləstreit];
commerce['kɔmə:s];commercial[kə'mə:ʃəl];
4、 拼写费力词汇:
restaurant 还是 restuarant?
convenience还是convinience?
environment, circumstance,scientist, psychologist,enthusiastic, enthusiasm
5、 同义替换词汇:
Important,significant, essential,crucial, vital, key;
convert, turn into, change,switch to, shift;
6、 短语固定搭配:
meet…half way,compromise,be worn out,tired, exhausted,stay up,sit up
第三章 常见场景词汇
六种场景:
1、 校园场景
选课的说法:
选:learn, take, pick up, sign up for, register for(a course)
退:quit(放弃), drop, give up 课:course, class
选修课:selective course, optional course
必修课:compulsory course, required course
旷课:play truant, truancy
课程的名称:
理科课程:science(理科), mathematics(数学math), statistics(统计学) physics, chemistry(化学), biochemistry(生物化学)
文科课程:arts(文科), history, literature(文学), linguistics(语言学)
热门学科:psychology(心理学), philosophy(哲学)
学科词尾:-ics, mathematics(数学math), statistics;
-logy, e.g. trilogy, zoology, biology
各年级同学及学位:
本科四年:freshman(大一), sophomore(大二), junior student(大三), senior student(大四); undergraduate(本科生)
学制名称:graduate student(研究生), postgraduate(研究生)
学位名称:bachelor学士, master硕士, doctor博士, post-doctor博士后
前缀post-:postwar, postscript, postpone推迟
教师的说法:
教授:professor, associate professor副教授, instructor讲师
导师:mentor, tutor, supervisor(论文上的)导师;监督者
词根vis-:visible, invisible, visage, visibility, vision
Julius Caesar :VENI,VIDI,VICI
e.g. convenience, video, victory
各种作业:
作业统称:homework, assignment
论文:paper, term paper, essay, thesis, composition,proposal, theme, key words, abstract
项目:project ,projector, propose (a toast)
前缀pro-, pre-, pri-, fore-: progress, preview, foresee
各种考试:
参加(考试):take (an exam), sit (an exam)
考试:exam, mid-term exam, final exam, finals, test, quiz, pop quiz
作弊:cheat, copy
结果:pass, passing grade, fail, make-up exam
2、 消费场景
吃饭:
餐馆名称:restaurant, café, cafeteria, dining hall
餐前:reserve, menu, order, recommendation
餐中:knife, fork, napkin, spoon, chew, swallow
餐后:bill, check, treat, it’s on me, go Dutch
stereotype:go Dutch, Dutch widow/courage/act
逛商店:
商店名称:market, store, shop, department store
折扣低价:on sale, discount, bargain
归类记词:count, counter, encounter, account, accountant, recount, countdown
又如:dome, domain, domestic, domesticate…
住酒店:
酒店名称:hotel, motel, inn, bed-and-breakfast
入住:reservation, book, check in, reception
退房:room service, check out
词根cep-, ceive-:receive, reception; deceive, deception; conceive, conception
租房子:
房东:landlord 房客:tenant, guest
动作:let, rent, check, move
相关名称:rent, lease, utilities, decorate, furniture, paint, peel off, oven, bookshelf, cabinet, kitchen, bedroom, sitting room, study
3、 交通场景
机场:
机场:airport, airline, flight, passenger, airhostess
物品:luggage, baggage, passport, boarding pass
动作:take off, circle, land
海关:customs, restricted article, declare
词根claim-/clam-/clar-:claim, proclaim, clamorous
4、 维修场景
维修:
修理工:repairman, carpenter, electrician, mechanic
物品:first gear, clutch, shower pipe, leak
动作:fix, mend, repair, install, assemble
后缀-er, -or, -ian, -ese, -ist:teacher, director, editor, musician, Chinese, artist; cook(er), flash(er)
5、 医院场景
看病:
医生病人:doctor, physician, surgeon; patient
疾病名称:cold, influenza, fever, temperature, cough, pneumonia, cancer, fracture, swine flu
身体部位:head, heart, liver, lung, stomach, kidney, ankle, knee, waist , bottom, hip, tooth
6、 职场场景
面试:
申请者:applicant, candidate, interviewee
相关名词:resume, curriculum vitae, interviewer, application letter, recommendation letter, position, job vacancy, job opening
相关动作:recruit, interview, offer, reject, turn down
工作:
职务名称:employer, boss, chief executive office, immediate boss, director, secretary, employee, head of department
相关动作:promote, fire, lay off, dismiss, resign
第四章 听力多义词汇
1、adopt
adopt one’s advice采纳某人的建议
adopt children收养孩子
adopter, adoptee收养人
adoptive parents养父母
2、adapt
adapt to 适应于…
adapt oneself to…
an adapted story一个改编了的故事
3、article
write an article写文章
an article of luggage/ furniture一件行李,一件家具
large/ dangerous ~s大减物品/危险物品
~s of the contract合同的条款
4、bear
I can’t bear(忍受) it anymore. 我再也受不了。=stand, put up with
bear(生)= give birth to, forebear(祖先)
bearer持有者
should bear in mind that持有某种信息
5、beat
Beat it!走开
~ the crowd躲避人群
method A beats method B 方法A优于方法B
beat around the bush 拐弯抹角
dodge(躲避), ditch, duck
6、book
book a table预订
be booked up订购
order
The Book, Bible圣经
7、box
boxing
boxer
box office票房,售票处
8、block
I drove 2 blocks (街区)already.
blocked blood vessel堵塞住的血管
the traffic was blocked交通堵了。
9、cover
cover the expense包含花销
cover 20 pages/ miles涉及
cover the issue新闻报道
Cover me!掩护我
10、charge
charge someone 150 dollars for 为了。。。收取
be in (the) charge of 掌管
take charge of 接管
charge the battery 充电
under a murder charge 谋杀的罪名
11、commercial
commercial 贸易,商业
commerce
When we watch TV series, we are often interrupted by the ~s.
我们总是被商业广告打扰。
Mercury: mercurial, merchant, merchandize
12、deal
What’s the big deal? / No big deal.
这有什么大不了的?没有什么大不了的
a great deal of 大量
car dealer 汽车经销商
deal with= cope with= tackle = handle处理,解决
13、exhaust
exhaustion, exhaust energy 消耗能源
be exhausted, be tired, be worn out 精疲力竭
exhaust/ green-house gas emission, emit
mit-, mis-:permit, permission; omit, omission
duce-, duct-:introduce, introduction; reduce
14、film
romantic film
The woman is filming the lake.
run out of film 用完了胶卷
develop the film 冲洗胶卷
15、fine
Fine…
I am fine.
Tom was fined for speeding.
Tom由于超速罚款
give sb. a ticket for
16、fair
fair, unfair
My Fair Lady 窈窕淑女
international fair
17、gift
give sb. a gift/ present
She was gifted with the music talent.
She has a gift for music.
18、jam
a jar of jam
The road is jammed.
a traffic jam
19、let
I believe you have a room to let.
rent a room
20、lot
a lot of
parking lot
across the lot 穿过停车场
21、paper
a piece of paper
doing two papers 写两份论文
essay, thesis
newspaper
document
22、stock
stockroom 储藏室
be in stock 有存货
be out of ~, no longer available 卖光了
stocks and bonds
stock market
23、tie
The game was a tie.
The game tied 1-1.
deuce, draw
tie a stick to the young tree, fasten
24、tip
give me some tips/ hints
tip someone
the tip of a pen
on the tip of my tongue
a filter-tipped cigarette 有滤嘴的香烟
第五章 发音易错词汇
1、不符合规律发音
2、近音词混淆
3、音译词拟声词
不符合规律发音
register ['redʒistə] 注册、登记
obstacle['ɔbstəkl]
illustrate ['iləstreit] 阐述
commerce ['kɔmə:s] 商业
commercial [kə'mə:ʃəl] 商业的;商业广告
heir [ɛə] 继承人
therapy ['θerəpi] 治疗
steak [steik] 牛排
diplomat ['dipləmæt] 外交家;外交官
debris ['deibri:] 残骸
近音词混淆
full à fool [ful] à [fu:l]
fund à found [fʌnd] à [faund]
border à board ['bɔ:də] à [bɔ:d]
council à cancel ['kaunsil] à ['kænsl]
cut à cart [kʌt] à [kɑ:t]
poor à pour [puə] à [pɔ:]
hut à heart [hʌt] à [hɑ:t]
foam à form [fəum] à [fɔ:m]
former à formal ['fɔ:mə] à ['fɔ:məl]
loose à lose [lu:s] à [lu:z]
stock à stalk [stɔk] à [stɔ:k]
staff à stuff [stɑ:f] à [stʌf]
bald à board [bɔ:ld] à [bɔ:d]
avoid à award [ə'vɔid] à [ə'wɔ:d]
presence à presents ['prezns] à ['preznts]
sleep à steep [sli:p] à [sti:p]
street à straight [stri:t] à [streit]
mess à mass [mes] à [mæs]
近音词混淆 [i:]
me, see, agree, beef, free, breeze, succeed, neat, beat, reason, feature, athlete, even, secret, immediate, convenient, receive, believe
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
近音词混淆 [i]
sister, with, silly, busy, happy, visit, pity, pretty, family, minute, little by little, kick, give, live, kiss, sink, a bit dizzy, bit by bit
She will visit the university in two days
近音词混淆 [e]
get, forget, connect, question, French,breath, dead, sweat, beg, heaven, ready, weather, debt, check, spend, never, pet, well, terrible, fresh, energy
Better late than never.
East, west, home is best
近音词混淆 [æ]
stand, hand, apple, fact, cat,fat,mad,lack,mass,fact,marry,matter,absent,capital,satisfy,salary
近音词混淆 [ɑ:]
arm, fast, march, bark, carpet,hard (hard-hearted), harm, starry, bargain, glance, chance, demand, command, drama, last
近音词混淆 [ɔ]
top, hot, rock, clock, coffee,cost, spot, block, offer, college, possible,swallow, quality, cough, knowledge
Lost time is never found again.
近音词混淆 [ɔ:]
porter, board, all, also, almost, altogether, always, call, audience, author, cause, saw, law, dawn
force, afford, course, award
近音词混淆 [u]
foot, cook, took, look,should, could, would,push, bush, full, pull,woman, sugar, hook
He looks like a good cook。
近音词混淆 [u:]
root, pool, fool, food, soon, choose, smooth, lose, move, wound, youth, true, through
近音词混淆 [ʌ]
but, cup, upset, luck, such, sudden, fun, rough, tough, touch, couple, courage, blood, cover, dozen, above
He loves nothing but money.
近音词混淆 [ə:]
hurt, turn, first, firm, birth, dirty,,search, earn, earth, certain, person, service, perfect, nervous, purchase, worth, worm, journey
First come, first served.
The early bird catches the worm.
近音词混淆 [ə]
ago, along, among, alarm, admire, forget, danger, fever, gather, cover, cinema
近音词混淆 [ei]
face, place, pace, race, shade, shake, same, shame, blame, arrange, change, strange, fail, mail, sail, tail, nail, pain, rain, train, pain, gain, main, explain, wait, pay, way,neighbor, steak
No pains, no gains.
Haste makes waste.
近音词混淆 [ɑi]
besides, ripe, wide, life, provide, silent, final, tie, die, lie, type, try, sign, sight
Strike the iron while it is still hot.
Great minds think alike.
近音词混淆 [ɔi]
choice, boil, avoid, choice, coin, join, noise, point, poison, destroy, employ, enjoy, joy
近音词混淆 [əu]
show, grow, own, hope, globe, froze, hold, envelope, alone, lonely, broken, focus, goal
Little strokes fell great oaks.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
近音词混淆 [au]
about, cloud, couch, doubt, mouth, flour, proud, amount, announce, around, discount, found, fountain, pronounce, counter, allow, crowd, however, now, power, shower, download
近音词混淆 [iə]
nuclear, dear, fear, appear, nearly, cheer, realize, obvious, curious, period, experience, fierce, hero近音词混淆 [ɛə]
fair, hair, pair,bear, wear,prepare, care, dare, compare, declare, scare, share, spare
近音词混淆 [uə]
poor, tour,sure, pure, curious, unsure, brochure
近音词混淆 [θ]&[s]
thin sin;think sink;thick sick;thumb some;theme seem
近音词混淆 [s]&[z]
sink zinc;sown zone;bus buzz
近音词混淆 [θ]&[ð]
breath breathe;worth worthy;north northern
近音词混淆 [f]&[v]
feel veal;fan van;fail vale;fine vine
近音词混淆 [v]&[w]
very well
veil wall
via way
音译词拟声词
crash 碰撞
clash 撞击声
smash 粉碎
crush 压碎
squash 压扁
yoga ['jəugə]瑜伽
nylon ['nailɔn]尼龙
ballet ['bælei] [bæ'lei]芭蕾
salon [sə'lɔn] 沙龙
vitamin [‘vaitəmin] 维他命
体会发音和词义的关系——
字母组合-are发[ɛə]的音,以这个音结尾的词中很多会表示比较强烈的光亮和声响,如flare [flɛə] 闪亮;glare [glɛə] 眩目的光;blare [blɛə] 高声鸣叫;declare [di'klɛə] 宣布;又如两个o字母连写时所发的[u:]常常传达沉重、压抑之感,如doom [du:m] 厄运;gloom [glu:m] 忧郁,等等。
第六章 拼写费力词汇
2001年6月
第3题. complain
第4题. calculation
第10题. emergency
第15题. compose
第17题. irritating
第17题. emotional
原文. recognize
原文. scientist
原文. in response to
原文. relatively
原文. oxygen
词根pos-, 前缀com-
2002年1月
第1题. survivor
第2题. expectation
第5题. financial
第11题. negotiate
第15题. territory
第17题. atmosphere
第19题. component
第20题. pessimistic
第20题. optimistic
原文. transform
原文. estimate
前缀trans-
2002年6月
第5题. opportunity
第8题. millionaire
第9题. punctual
第11题. neighbor
第15题. destruction
第17题. resistance
第18题. eliminate
原文. household
原文. collapse
原文. frequently
原文. destroy
destroy, desperate, delete
2002年12月
第4题. appointment
第7题. scenery
第10题. campaign
第11题. investigate
第15题. document
第19题. skeptical
第20题. modified
原文. available
原文. candidate
原文. consequently
词根mod-, rect-: modify, rectangle, rectify
2003年6月
第5题. schedule
第6题. subscribe
第7题. performance
第8题. semester
第11题. emergency *
第14题. fragile
第20题. extinction
原文. assistance
原文. migrate
原文. endanger
词根scribe-, script-:describe description subscription
2003年12月
第2题. exaggerate
第6题. community
第17题. influence
第18题. surgeon
第19题. regardless
第20题. gratitude
原文. necessary
原文. immediately
原文. reverse
词尾:latitude, longitude, altitude, attitude, multitude, solitude
2004年6月
第2题. license
第3题. epidemic
第6题. laundry
第10题. entertainment
第11题. distinguished
第14题. executive
第18题. inadequate
原文. preventative
原文. relevant
词尾:-ate, separate
前缀:in-, inside, income, inappropriate, invisible
2005年1月
第1题. apartment
第2题. nonsense
第3题. distraction
第4题. participant
第5题. architecture
第8题. apologize
第9题. kindergarten
第17题. community
第19题. psychological
原文. description
原文. demonstrate
原文. tolerance
2005年6月
第1题. stimulate
原文. continuous
原文. calculate
原文. convenience
原文. acceptance
原文. overwhelmed
原文. associate
原文. individualism
词尾:-ous: fame, famous; space, spacious; glory, glorious; never, nervous; number, numerous
第1题. appointment
第3题. bargain
第4题. extension
第7题. enthusiasm
第9题. elementary
第10题. accommodate
第17题. controversy
原文. descendant
原文. deliberate
前缀:contra-, contro-, counter-; contradiction, counterclockwise
第1题. orientation
第6题. intersection
第10题. enthusiastic
第12题. professional
第13题. handicap
第16题. Curriculum
第19题. instantaneous
原文. literature
原文. recognition
前缀:inter-, international, interact, intervene, interfere, interval
2006年12月
第1题. dissatisfied
第3题. particularly
第8题. understate
第10题. compensate
第11题. legendary
第12题. popularity
第16题. standardize
第17题. discrimination
原文. decorative
原文. predominance
前缀:dis-, dislike, disable, dismiss, distribute
2006年12月
第14题. symptom
第15题. investigate
第16题. institution
第18题. satisfactory
第22题. concession
第28题. influence
第34题. technique
原文. estimate
原文. fertilizer
原文. acquisition
前缀:sym-(same), symbol, symphony, synonym
2007年6月
第13题. generous
第16题. exhausted
第19题. champagne
第25题. consultancy
第25题. corporate
第27题. sufficient
第30题. sacrifice
原文. correspondence
原文. implementation
原文. productivity
原文. obligation
原文. dramatically
2007年12月
第20题. permanent
第25题. vanish
第27题. bankrupt
第30题. essential
第32题. exaggerate
第35题. resident
原文. precaution
原文. executive
原文. destination
前缀:per-, persist, person, perennial, permanent
2008年6月
第13题. companion
第15题. retrieve
第17题. application
第19题. enormous
第25题. unexpectedly
第26题. transportation
原文. aggravate
原文. multiply
原文. compulsory
原文. counselor
前缀:re-, return, repeat, respect, renew, review
2008年12月
第13题. accompany
第16题. assemble
第18题. residential
第19题. domestic
第21题. fluctuate
第31题
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