初中语法动名词.doc

动名词 1动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。1、 动名词作主语 固知新教育网Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16个小时。Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。如：Its nice talking with you.和你谈话很高兴。Its no use arguing with him.跟他争论没用。It is no use sending him over. Its too late already. 派他去没用，已经太晚了。It was very difficult getting everything ready in time. 要把一切按时准备好很困难。“There + be + no + -ing”结构，如：There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.不容否认新方法大大提高了劳动生产率。2、 动名词作表语Her job is raising pigs. 她的工作是养猪。This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。The only thing that interests her is dancing. 她唯一感兴趣的事就是跳舞。My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。To keep money you have found is stealing. 捡到钱不交等于偷窃。3、 动名词作宾语 固知新教育网Your shoes need polishing. 你的皮鞋该擦了。Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。She cant help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。The doctor advised taking exercise. 医生让多运动。Would you mind filling out this form? 请填一下这张表好吗？The thief admitted entering the house. 小偷承认进了屋。Have you finished correcting the students papers? 学生们的卷子改完没有？有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。这些动词及短语有：admit, acknowledge, advise, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, excuse, escape, fancy, finish, forgive, face, endure, involve, give up, imagine, mention, mind, miss, pardon, practise, require, resent, resist, suggest, recall, resist, understand, think of, give up, aim at, put off, insist on, persist in, be good at, do well in, cant help, keep on, leave off, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, set about, be used to, object to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to, see to, submit to, adapt to, apply to, accede to, get to, prefer to, adjust to, owe to, react to等。The doctor advised taking more exercise.医生建议多锻炼。I suggest doing it in a different way.我建议用不同的方法做。Do you feel like having a drink?你想喝点饮料吗？I prefer swimming to playing basketball.我喜欢游泳胜于打篮球。有些动词既可接动名词作宾语，也可接不定式，但在语义上却有很大差别。如：chance to do 碰巧去做某事chance doing 冒险试一试做某事forget to do 忘记要去做某事forget doing 忘记曾做过某事go on to do 接着又做另一件事go on doing 继续做同一件事remember to do 记得要去做某事remember doing 记得曾做过某事stop to do 停下来去做某事stop doing 停止做某事try to do 努力做某事try doing 试一试做某事regret to do 对将要做的事表示遗憾regret doing 对做过的事表示遗憾mean to do 打算想做某事mean doing 意味着意思是做某事 固知新教育网