初中语法动名词.doc

动名词 1
　　动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词原形加-ing构成，它在句中起名词的作用，可以在句子中用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补语、状语和定语。
　　1、 动名词作主语 固知新教育网
　　Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动
　　Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。
　　Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。
　　Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours.  乘火车到杭州要16个小时。
　　Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。
　　通常为了避免句子主语过于冗长，用it作形式主语。如：
　　It's nice talking with you. 
　　和你谈话很高兴。
　　It's no use arguing with him. 
　　跟他争论没用。
　　It is no use sending him over. It’s too late already. 派他去没用，已经太晚了。
　　It was very difficult getting everything ready in time. 要把一切按时准备好很困难。
　　“There + be + no + ing”结构，如：
　　There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。
　　There is no harm in doing so.  这样做没有害处。
　　There is no denying the fact that the new method has greatly raised labour productivity.
　　不容否认新方法大大提高了劳动生产率。
　2、 动名词作表语
　　Her job is raising pigs. 她的工作是养猪。
　　This food smells inviting. 这种食物香味怡人。
　　The only thing that interests her is dancing. 她唯一感兴趣的事就是跳舞。
　　My favorite sport is swimming. 我最喜欢的运动是游泳。
　　To keep money you have found is stealing. 捡到钱不交等于偷窃。
　　3、 动名词作宾语 固知新教育网
　　Your shoes need polishing. 你的皮鞋该擦了。
　　Jim dislikes eating chocolate. 吉姆不喜欢吃巧克力。
　　She can’t help crying at a sad movie. 她看了忧伤的电影禁不住要哭。
　　The doctor advised taking exercise. 医生让多运动。
　　Would you mind filling out this form? 请填一下这张表好吗？
　　The thief admitted entering the house. 小偷承认进了屋。
　　Have you finished correcting the students’ papers? 学生们的卷子改完没有？
　　有些动词和动词短语后只能接动名词作宾语。这些动词及短语有：
　　admit, acknowledge, advise, appreciate, avoid, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, excuse, escape, fancy, finish, forgive, face, endure, involve, give up, imagine, mention, mind, miss, pardon, practise, require, resent, resist, suggest, recall, resist, understand, think of, give up, aim at, put off, insist on, persist in, be good at, do well in, can't help, keep on, leave off, feel like, be tired (afraid, capable, fond) of, set about, be used to, object to, devote oneself to, stick to, respond to, look forward to, see to, submit to, adapt to, apply to, accede to, get to, prefer to, adjust to, owe to, react to等。

The doctor advised taking more exercise. 
　　医生建议多锻炼。
　　I suggest doing it in a different way. 
　　我建议用不同的方法做。
　　Do you feel like having a drink?
　　你想喝点饮料吗？
　　I prefer swimming to playing basketball. 
　　我喜欢游泳胜于打篮球。
　　有些动词既可接动名词作宾语，也可接不定式，但在语义上却有很大差别。如：
　　⑴chance to do 碰巧去做某事
　　chance doing 冒险试一试做某事
　　⑵forget to do 忘记要去做某事
　　forget doing 忘记曾做过某事
　　⑶go on to do 接着又做另一件事
　　go on doing 继续做同一件事
　　⑷remember to do 记得要去做某事
　　remember doing 记得曾做过某事
　　⑸stop to do 停下来去做某事
　　stop doing 停止做某事
　　⑹try to do 努力做某事
　　try doing 试一试做某事
　　⑺regret to do 对将要做的事表示遗憾
　　regret doing 对做过的事表示遗憾
　　⑻mean to do 打算／想做某事
　　mean doing 意味着／意思是做某事 固知新教育网