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The environment 单元检测(A卷——全员必做)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．(2013·陕西高考)The manager wants to see changes in the company, and I am sure he will ________.
A．in particular B．in turn
C．in charge D．in time
2．(2014·沭阳五校高三联考)________ beautiful scenery of Mount Tai didn't leave ________ impression on me, but it was ________ unforgettable trip.
A．The; /; an B．The; an; an
C．/; an; an D．The; an; /
3．(2014·新沂二中质检)It has been reported that the exports of that company have decreased ________ 3%.
A．to B．by
C．with D．at
4．(2014·黄山模拟)She began practicing her guitar skills for several hours each day, only ________ when her fingers began to bleed.
A．stop B．stopped
C．to stop D．stopping
5．(2014·湖南十二校联考)It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some ________ over 90 meters.
A．measure B．measures
C．measuring D．measured
6．(2014·江苏宿豫中学模拟)I would appreciate it ________ you call back this afternoon for the hairdressing appointment.
A．until B．if
C．when D．how
7．(2014·淮安一中检测)I ________ you a valuable present for your birthday, but I ________ all my money.
A．would like to give; ran out of
B．would like to have given; ran out of
C．would like to give; was run out of
D．would like to give; ran out
8．(2014·江阴高三模拟)The old grandfather, much to the surprise of the doctors, doesn't want his granddaughter ________ this week.
A．to operate on B．operates
C．to be operated on D．operating
9．(2014·浏阳一中质检)Chery, a car maker in Anhui Province, sold nearly 700,000 units in 2013, with the total value ________ it was in 2008.
A．more than three times what
B．three more times than that
C．over three times than what
D．over three times of that
10．(2014·合肥一中模拟)When ________ on the sofa, ________ in her book, Judith didn't notice her parents come in.
A．lying; absorbed B．laying; absorbing
C．lying; absorbing D．lay; being absorbed
11．(2014·徐州模拟)—Bad luck. They didn't offer the job to me.
— ________ You've been well prepared for the interview.
A．So what? B．What if?
C．How come? D．What about?
12．(2014·江苏名校联考)—What is the cost of the MP4 here?
—Well, the prices ________ from $100 to$500.
A．increase B．range
C．reach D．differ
13．(2014·安庆师范中学高三联考)They had a fierce ________ as to whether their company should restore the trade relationship which was broken years ago.
A．debate B．disagreement
C．contest D．conflict
14．(2014·长沙模拟)A fantastic idea occurred to him that he could use a plastic bottle, ________ cut off, as a container to grow young plants in.
A．of which the top B．whose top
C．the top of which was D．with its top was
15．(2014·淮安高三模拟)Large quantities of information, as well as some timely help, ________ since the organization was built.
A．has offered B．had been offered
C．have been offered D．is offered
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2014·东北三省四市第二次联考)Eco City Farms are becoming more popular in cities and towns around the United States.
Eco City Farms in Edmonston, Maryland, is located near shopping centers, car repair shops and homes. The neighborhood is a workingclass community. People do not have very much money, and they have limited access to fresh food in markets.
Over the past two years, the farm has attracted volunteers from the community like Marcy Clark. She schools her four children at home. On a recent day she brought them to Eco City Farms for a lesson. Her son Alston Clark thinks his experience is very valuable. “I like coming out here，” he says, “You know, you connect with the earth, where your food comes from. You appreciate the food a little bit more.”
Margaret Morgan started Eco City Farms. She thinks of it as a place where people can learn to live healthier lives. “Growing food in a community brings people together，” she continues, “Every piece of what we do here is a demonstration to show people everything about how to have an ecofriendly community.” she says. From the Eco City Farms people come to know that they are not only growing food and raising chickens and bees, but improving the soil with compost (肥料) made from food waste.
Eco City Farms is an experimental operation. The farm gets its power not from the local electricity networks, but from the sun with solar panels. In winter, the green houses use a geothermal (地热) system.
Vegetables can be grown all year. So once a week, all winter long, neighbors like Chris Moss and her three children bike to the farm to pick up a share of the harvest.
“I like eating the vegetables，” says fiveyearold Owen Moss.
1．What is mainly talked about in the passage?
A．Eco City Farms save a lot of energy.
B．Eco City Farms are gaining popularity.
C．Eco City Farms are influencing community life.
D．Eco City Farms help the workingclass live better.
2．According to the passage, Eco City Farms are close to the following places EXCEPT ________.
A．shopping centers
B．car repair shops
C．fastfood restaurants
D．workingclass community
3．What is the author's attitude towards Eco City Farms?
A．Enthusiastic. B．Disappointed.
C．Surprised. D．Doubtful.
4．In which column of a newspaper can you most probably read this article?
A．People. B．Travel.
C．Environment. D．Education.
B
(2014·江苏扬州第一学期检测)Frogs with deformities (畸形) continue to spread in the western United States, new research says. A parasite (寄生虫) called Ribeiroia infects several kinds of frogs when they are developing, causing deformities such as no legs or more legs than normal. These frogs are often unable to move and either die or quickly get eaten by other birds.
Scientists already knew that the parasite was the reason for the frog deformities. They wanted to find out whether known hot spots of Ribeiroia populations in four western states had changed since they were last surveyed in 1999.
So in 2010 Pieter Johnson, an expert at the University of Colorado, and his team gathered data of frogs and parasites in 48 wetlands in America. They found that the parasite infections were still common in frogs.
“We found that, although the distribution of Ribeiroia across wetlands changed, there was little net effect on overall parasite spreading, with 31 percent of wetlands gaining the parasite and 27 percent losing the parasite，” Johnson said. “But what was most surprising was that the locations had changed greatly over the last decade.”
For instance, ponds where scientists had found few deformed frogs in 1999 now had 30 percent or more frogs with deformed legs, he said. Likewise, former hot spots now had fewer of these frogs, according to their results.
The Ribeiroia parasite has a complex life cycle, which begins with the snail, a creature common in many western US Wetlands. It first lives inside the snail and then goes to live in a tadpole (蝌蚪). It then enters the tadpole's tissue and the developing legs. Consequently, when the tadpole begins to transform into a frog, its “primary system of movement doesn't work — it can't jump or swim，” Johnson said. “That's when the birds” — the parasite's final host — “come and eat the young frogs like popcorn.” The parasite then reproduces inside the birds. When the birds defecate (排泄), the parasite eggs will go out of the birds and make their way back into the snails.
Though the Ribeiroia parasite occurs naturally in North America, human activities likely have something to do with its population, Johnson noted. For instance, the snails feed on algae (藻类). The polluted water from agriculture and industry into wetlands contains nutrients that improve the algae growth. With more snails in the wetlands, the parasites have more initial hosts to infect, Johnson noted.
“I don't think this story is just about frogs，” Johnson said. The scientists did not specifically measure how many frog populations at the study sites had declined — “though it's quite high”. Overall, though, frog populations will fluctuate widely from year to year, said Erin Muths, a zoologist at the US Geological Survey in Fort Collins, Colorado. Those fluctuations are usually based on an unpredictable resource: water. For instance, sometimes ponds dry up, killing many frog eggs. “These changes make it difficult to tell whether we are looking at a real decline in frogs.” she said.
“This distinction is important so that we can know frog populations that are really in trouble, rather than a population that is just having a bad year.”
That's also why the new research is solid. She said, “It has a longterm aspect and contributes to our understanding of frog decline.”
5．From the text we know that ________.
A．the frogs with more legs can move more quickly and jump higher
B．the deformed frogs are now spreading all over the spots
C．the locations with deformed frogs have changed over the years
D．there are more deformed frogs in the known hot spots
6．The underlined word “fluctuate” in the 8th paragraph probably means “________”．
A．boom B．increase
C．remain D．change
7．The right order for the life cycle of Ribeiroia parasites is ________.
a．the parasites live in tadpoles
b．Ribeiroia eggs go out with the bird's defecation
c．the parasites live in the snails
d．the parasites reproduce in the birds that eat deformed tadpoles
A．a, d, b, c B．b, a, d, c
C．c, a, d, b D．d, b, c, a
8．Which of the following is TRUE according to Pleter Johnson?
A．The population of frogs is not really in trouble.
B．Human activities may contribute to the increase of the parasites.
C．Polluted water kills more frogs than the parasites do.
D．Future studies will be carried out to study the frog's decline.
The environment 单元检测(B卷——自主选做)
Ⅰ.完形填空
(2014·皖南八校联考)We always want what we cannot have. When we're young, we want to stay out late, have romantic relationships and be __1__. However, when we're __2__， we want to go back to being young and we __3__ the days when we didn't have to worry about complex love affairs, __4__ pressure and money problems.
Young people believe adulthood __5__ freedom from parents and schoolwork. When they get older, they feel that __6__ is freedom from work pressure and family responsibilities. To __7__ this feeling, people say, “The grass is always __8__ on the other side of the fence.”
As __9__， we like to be like adults but as young adults, we __10__ to be young again. We think about staying out late and __11__ our own money to spend. Suddenly, we see that love can result in __12__ hearts; staying out late makes it hard to get ready for __13__ the next morning. We find out that adult life is not as __14__ as we thought it would be and suddenly, __15__ becomes very scary.
Life is __16__. It gives us time to __17__ but also requires us to work. The time will come when we must grow up and we will always look back wishing we __18__ being young a bit longer. That time will not come back. It is normal to want what we cannot have but the __19__ is that to be happy is to appreciate what we have. That is the first step to grow up. __20__ life becomes more complex, we will not regret the time we wasted wishing we were adults.
1．A.comfortable B．dependent
C．polite D．independent
2．A.defeated B．older
C．married D．confident
3．A.like B．forget
C．miss D．regret
4．A.job B．study
C．age D．health
5．A.creates B．shows
C．limits D．means
6．A.adulthood B．childhood
C．parenthood D．neighborhood
7．A.reduce B．experience
C．describe D．understand
8．A.thinner B．greener
C．yellow D．colorful
9．A.researchers B．adults
C．teenagers D．elders
10．A.decide B．wish
C．return D．stop
11．A.making B．worrying about
C．having D．showing off
12．A.healthy B．ambitious
C．excited D．broken
13．A.breakfast B．school
C．work D．exercise
14．A.rich B．busy
C．poor D．easy
15．A.love B．life
C．career D．future
16．A.long B．fair
C．short D．beautiful
17．A.study B．think
C．live D．play
18．A.stopped B．imagined
C．enjoyed D．tried
19．A.reason B．result
C．truth D．dream
20．A.When B．If
C．Unless D．Before
Ⅱ.阅读理解
(2014·南京第二次调研)Since the beginning of the year, smog has covered parts of North China. In January, Beijing saw only five days without smog. The rising PM2.5 readings terrified many people, and some health experts said that whenever the smog gets serious, hospitals receive more patients suffering acute respiratory (呼吸系统) and heart diseases.
Later, news of polluted underground water in some provinces scared people who wondered whether the water they drink is safe.
So the need to emphasize environmental protection while developing the economy is heard everywhere.
Smog is especially a common concern. As a popular online post said, air may be the only thing that is equal for everyone, despite your income or profession. People with higher incomes are able to drink only bottled spring water and eat only organic food by paying higher prices, but they breathe the same air as everyone else.
At a meeting on Monday, many representatives have expressed their concerns about the air quality, too. One talked about his experience in Beijing. “After taking a taxi from the capital airport to my hotel, which took about an hour, I washed my nose and found the inside of my nose was black. We should ask ourselves this question: Why do we want to develop? It's for living a better life. Dirty air is definitely not a better life，” he said.
China needs to develop its economy and invest (投资) in hightech. Every Chinese has a dream to make China stronger. But without blue sky, clean water and safe food, the achievements in the economy will become meaningless. Space technologies are not to be developed for building a base on Mars so that one day all human beings can move to the red planet because they have destroyed Earth.
What the public wants is a strong and beautiful China. The great efforts must be made to promote ecological progress and build a beautiful China. The words have shown the central government's determination to address the environment issue.
1．The effect of smog doesn't include ________.
A．the rising of PM2.5 readings
B．more people suffering diseases
C．the increase of people's income
D．patients increased in hospital
2．Why has smog become a common concern?
A．Because people have to pay higher prices.
B．Because nobody can avoid it.
C．Because we have to develop industry.
D．Because a popular onlinepost discussed it.
3．To make China stronger we have to develop economy, but ________.
A．we have to sacrifice air as the price
B．the dirty air is not what we want
C．ecological progress can be ignored
D．the smog is the only byproduct
4．From the last two paragraphs we can infer that ________.
A．hightech can completely solve the problem of pollution
B．space technologies should be developed in a large scale
C．we can move to Mars after the earth has been destroyed
D．we must protect the environment while developing economy
Ⅲ.书面表达
(2014·无锡高三模拟)图片反映的是中学生暑期游览大学校园的情景。作为一名高三学生，请根据下表提示，就目前普遍存在的中学生暑期游览名牌大学的现象用英语给校报“英语角”写一篇短文。
名校游的积极作用
休闲旅游、调节身心、了解名校、体悟学术氛围、激发学习热情、明确努力目标
名校游的负面作用
影响正常秩序、给高校压力、带来安全隐患
你自己的看法
……
注意：1.短文须包括所有要点，可
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