特殊疑问句和翻译疑问句.doc

疑问句一特殊疑问句1. 特殊疑问句的构成：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句语序 How old are you? Whats this in English? 如果问的是主语或主语的定语时，这时的特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词(+主语)+陈述句语序。如：Whos not here today? Which pen is red? My father is an engineer.-_?Mr. Zhang is going to teach us physics.-_?2. 无论是做疑问代词还是限定词，which 和 what 所指的范围不同。what所指的范围是无限的，而which则指在一定的范围内，例如：Which girls do you like best? 你喜欢哪几个姑娘？What girls do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的姑娘？Which do you prefer, coffee or tea? 咖啡和茶，你喜欢喝哪种？ What do you usually drink before dinner? 你饭前通常喝什么？ 3. Whom是who的宾格，在书面语中，它作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中作宾语时，可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom, 例如：Who(m) did you meet on the street?你在街上遇到了谁？Who(m) are you taking the book to?你要把这书带给谁？ To whom did you speak on the campus?你在校园里和谁讲话了？ 4. 各种问句1）询问天气。“How +be +the weather.？”与“What +be +the weather like.？” 今天天气如何？_? =_? 2) 对具体时间提出疑问，如 in the morning, last Sunday等，疑问词用_；对具体几点钟提问，疑问词应用_。 We have dinner at 7 O clock.-_? Last week, we went to the zoo.-_?3) 对具体地点提出疑问，疑问词应用_。 The pupils are having a picnic at the foot of the hill. （划线提问） _ _ the pupils having a picnic? 4) 对表原因的从句提问，常见的有because引导的从句，疑问词应用_。 Xiao Cheng didnt go to the farm with us because he was ill. （划线提问） _ _ Xiao Cheng go to the farm with us? 5) 对方式或程度等提出疑问，用疑问词_。 I usually go to school by bike.-_ 6)询问你觉得怎么样, 可用 “How. like.？”与“What. think of.？ 你觉得这部电影怎么样？ _? =_?7)对数量提出疑问，疑问词为How many，要注意how many必须跟名词的复数形式。How much跟不可数名词。 _ books do you have? _ milk do you need?8)对价格提出疑问，疑问词用How much。 I paid fifty yuan for the sweater. _ _ did you pay for the sweater? 询问价格。“How much.？”或“How much. cost?”与“Whats the price of.？” How much is the computer? = How much does the computer cost? = Whats the price of the computer? 这台电脑的价格是多少？ 9)对时间长度提出疑问，疑问词应用How long。 Ive worked in that factory for two years. （划线提问） _ _ _ you worked in that factory? 10) 重量、长度、高度、宽度、深度、速度、面积等。“How + 形容词 +.？”与“Whats the + 名词 + of .？”意思相同。例如： How heavy is that basket of apples? = Whats the weight of that basket of apples? 注意：与what 句式转换时，how 后的形容词heavy, wide, high, tall, deep, long, fast, large等，须分别转换成对应的名词：weight, width, height, depth, length, speed, size等。其中How tall are you?与Whats your height?11)对时间频率，如 once a year, twice a week等提问，疑问词用How often。 How often do u visit your grandma?12)对具体次数，如 once, twice, three times等提问，疑问词用How many times。 -_ did he call you the day before yesterday? -Twice. A.What time B.How many times C.How much D.How long 13)对in一段时间提问，疑问词一般用How soon。 Jane and her brother will finish the work in two hours. （划线提问） _ _ _ Jane and her brother finish the work? 14)对距离提出疑问，疑问词用How far。 Its about two kilometres from here to the country.（划线提问） _ _ _ _ from here to the country? 15)另外，对日期、星期等提出疑问，则分别用 Whats the date? What day is it ? 16) 对人口的提问,Whats the population of Germany?德国的人口有多少？population 表示“人口”是一集体名词，have population of 表示“有多少人口”。例如： Our village has population of two hundred of people. Whats the population of.？” Whats the population of the world? =注意：在把肯定句改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意句中是否有already、some、something、somebody等词，如果有也必须进行改变，already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。(疑问句表示请求,建议时应用some.不是any)另外. 在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。 二反义疑问句 1.结构 a. 陈述部分肯定式+疑问部分否定式 可记为 前肯后否 b陈述部分否定式+疑问部分肯定式 可记为 前否后肯 They work hard, _ they? She was ill yesterday, _ she? You didnt go, _ you? He cant ride a bike, _he? He is a student, _ he? Lucy skates very well, _ she?You dont like the man, _ you?2. 主语部分 a.附加疑问句中主语一般和句子主语一致，用主格。 b. 当陈述部分的主语是不定代词 ( 1 )everyone, everybody, somebody, anybody, no one, nobody 主语可用he或theyEveryone is in the classroom, arent they/he? Nobody will go, will they/he? (2)everything, anything, nothing, something时，附加疑问句中主语一般用 it.Something is wrong with your computer, isnt it?（3）this, that, 或those, these时，附加疑问句中主语用it和they. This is a beautiful picture, isnt it? Those arent apple trees, are they?3. 特殊句型的反义疑问句1） 当陈述部分有never，seldom, hardly，few，little，barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定意义的词时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：The old man made no answer, did he? There are few apples in the basket, are there? Jim is never late for school, is he? He can hardly swim, can he? They seldom come late, do they? 2）. 陈述部分I am时，疑问部分要用 arent I. Im as tall as your sister，arent I?3）. 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用dont +主语（didnt +主语）。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, dont we?4） 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didnt +主语或 usednt +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didnt he? / usednt he?5）. 陈述部分有had better（最好） + v. 疑问句部分用hadnt you? Youd better read it by yourself, hadnt you?6）. 陈述部分有would rather（宁可、宁愿） +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldnt +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldnt he?7） 陈述部分有Youd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldnt +主语。 Youd like to go with me, wouldnt you?8) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。Dont do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / wont you?Listen to me carefully, will you? Dont play with fire, will you?9) Lets 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shant we) ?而Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you（或wont you）? Lets go and listen to the music, shall we?Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?10) 陈述部分是there be结构的，疑问部分用there。 There is something wrong with your watch, isnt there? There will not be any trouble, will there?There are some apples in the basket, arent there? There isnt any milk left, is there? 4. 含有think, believe, suppose, imagine, expect等动词后接宾语从句(1.)当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如： I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, wont she/he? We suppose you have finished the project, havent you? 值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。例如： I dont believe that he can translate this book, can he? We dont imagine the twins have arrived, have they? (2).当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无关.）。例如：Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesnt she? You thought they could have completed the project, didnt you? They dont believe shes an engineer, do they? She doesnt expect that we are coming so soon, does she? 三、练习一根据句意，请从方框中选出合适的特殊疑问词来完成句子。What how when where whose which why1. I have two apples, _one do you like better?2. _ do you go to school every day ? On foot .3. _did you go last night ? I went to the cinema.4. _do you get up so early? Because I want to do morning exercises 5. _can I do for you ? I would like a pencil.6. _shirt is this ? Maybe its Lilys.7. _did you go to bed last night ? At about 11:00.8. _ do you want to buy for your mother? A sweater.二根据汉语提示，将句子所缺部分写完整，每空一词。1. _ _is your teacher? I dont know. (多高)2. _ _ is the picture on the wall? Its red. （什么颜色）3. _ _ do you get up every day? At 6:30. （几点）4. _ _ books do you have? Fifteen.（多少）5. _ _are you in? Im in Class 3, Grade 8. （几班）6. _ _dose she take a shower? Twice a week. （多久一次）7. _ _will you stay here? For seven days. （多长时间）8. _ _is the T-shirt? Its 50 yuan. （多少钱）三 根据A句的意思,向A 句的划线部分提问，完成B 句。1. A. She often goes to work by bike every day. B. _ _ she often _ to work every day?2. A. The blue T-shirt is Bills. B. _ _ the blue T-shirt?3. A. My father will go to Kunming next week. B. _ _ your father goes to Kunming?4. A. His brother is about five years old. B. _ _ is his brother?5. A. They went to the park yesterday afternoon. B. _ _ they _ yesterday afternoon?四 就画线部分提问1.He is my father.2.They are under the tree.3.I often watch TV after dinner.4.Lily swims in the swimming pool.5.Superman flies in the sky.6.I often brush my teeth in the evening.7.Alan likes to play with Bill.8.Joes father plays badminton every weekend.9.The supermarket is near the school.10.The laptop(笔记本电脑) is on the table.11.Jennifer has a pair of earrings(耳环).12.The flowers are in the flower pot(花盆).13.My grandpa took us to the zoo.14.I put the gold fish(金鱼) into the fish tank(鱼缸).15.Themonkey sleeps at night.五选择填空 （ ）1. Dont forget to give Polly some food and change her water, _? A. shall we B. will you C. wont you D. do you（ ）2. There is little juice in the glass, _?A. is there B. isnt there C. is it （ ）3. -Hes seldom late for school, _? -No. He is used to going to school early.A. isnt he B. has heC. hasnt he D. is he（ ）4.-This bus is always late, _? -Sure, it is. A. is not it B. isnt it C. isnt the bus D. doesnt it（ ）5.-Youre new here, _? -Yes, Im from Dujiangyan. I came here last week.A. do you B. dont you C. are you D. arent you（ ）6. You used to be outgoing, ? A. do you B. dont you C. didnt you D. did you（ ）7. He has never watched such an important match , _ he? A. hasnt B. has C. is D. isnt （ ）8.They have to work at once,_ they? A. have B. havent C. do D. dont （ ）9. She often feels tired,_ she? A. doesnt B. does C. is D. isnt （ ）10. Lets take a short rest, _? A. do we B. arent we C. will you D. shall we （ ）11. Hundreds of people lost their lives in the accident,_ they? A. dont B. didnt C. do D. did （ ）12. -Lily didnt come to school, did she? -_. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didnt. D. Yes, she didnt （ ）13.-She isnt a teacher, is she? -_. She works in a hospital. A. No, she is B. Yes, she is. C. No, she isnt. D. Yes, she isnt （ ）14.Lily looks like Lucy,_? A. is Lily B. isnt she C. does Lilly D. doesnt she （ ）15.Tom often has lunch at school,_? A. doesnt Tom B. doesnt he C. does Tom D. doesnt he