雅思写作步骤PPT课件.ppt

Judge the type of topic判断题目类型题目1：Some people argue that the government should discourage private car ownership while other people suggest that they can choose any means of travel as they like.Discuss both views and give your opinion.1.题目2：More and more people travel by car today,instead of using public transport.Do you think it is a positive or negative development？2.题目3：Some people argue that car users should rely on public transport rather than their own cars.To what extent do you agree or disagree?3.题目4：More and more people travel by car today,instead of using public transport.How does it affect individuals and society?What measures should be taken to solve this problem?4.题目5：More and more people travel by car today,instead of using public transport.Why has this happened?How does it affect individuals and society?5.Task2 作文第2步 思考观点雅思作文大致可分为两种题材：非教育类和教育类非教育类：经济（效率；收益和成本）科技（进步；缺陷）社会（价值和传统观念；环境；社会关系）个人（生活方式；基本权利；健康快乐；行为）6.教育类：身体健康 学习能力 社会能力和实践经验（与人相处、调节情绪等）工作能力（动手能力、价值观和道德观、遵守法律等）7.Task2 作文第3步 写开头段讨论类文章的开头段：Sentence 1：background（general statement）文章的背景（一般的介绍）Sentence 2：rephrase the topic（thesis statement）改写题目（点明论题）Sentence 3：personal opinion or brief description of the main body 个人立场或者中间主题部分的简单描述（注：考生在考场上可以按照实际情况，自由掌握句子的数量，未必一定要写三句。）8.如何写背景句三种方法：方法1：强调某个话题一直是争论的焦点，或者强调某个长期存在的现象。e.g.There has long been controversy about the negative effect of travelling by car.e.g.Travelling different places has long been a leisure activity on vacation.9.方法2：讨论类题目之所以热门，往往因为最近某个事情的发生，可以就此事情进行描述。e.g.Some societies have seen the erosion(削弱)of some traditional values recently.e.g.(As an increasing number of students study overseas),it is interesting to analyse the value of finishing a university education in a foreign country.10.方法3：定义某个具体的对象或者人，包括特点、功能等。e.g.The main duty of government is to improve citizens living standard.（适合题目：讨论政府使用资源）e.g.The university is normally considered as a place for increasing knowledge and conducting academic studies.（适合题目：讨论大学的职能）11.如何改写题目注意：考生切记照抄题目，或者只修改少数几个单词改写题目的两种主要方法：1.使用替换词 2.改写句子结构（加入并列结构或者从句）12.PracticeExample1：Nowadays it is more convenient and easier for people to travel to other countries.Is it development a positive or negative effect?(真题2012年10月20日）13.Example1：Nowadays it is more convenient and easier for people to travel to other countries.Is it development a positive or negative effect?(真题2012年10月20日）方法一：替换词nowadays in the modern world/in the contemporary worldmore convenient and easier can be achieved easily/realisticto other world overseas 14.Example1：Nowadays it is more convenient and easier for people to travel to other countries.Is it development a positive or negative effect?(真题2012年10月20日）方法二：改变句子结构 In the modern world,travelling overseas can be achieved easily.加入并列结构或者从句easily,especially for those from rich countries.15.Practice（Homework）Example2:In some countries,young people are not only richer but also safer and healthier than ever before.However,they are less happy.Why has it happened and how to deal with it?(真 题2 0 1 2年9 月22日）16.替换词 in some countries in many parts of the world richer more affluent/economically better off healthier or happier well-being17.改变句子结构 In many parts of the world,young people are economically better off,but their well being does not improve.加入并列结构或从句 In many parts of the world,young people are economically better off and able to afford luxury goods,but their well-being does not improve.18.如何写第三句话两种方法方法1：表明立场e.g.I am of the opinion that car ownership should be discouraged.e.g.From a personal point of view,it is necessary to discourage non-essential travel.19.方法2：简单介绍主体部分或讨论的内容，并不表明立场e.g.The problem and benefits of car ownership will be discussed below.e.g.This essay will briefly review the pros and cons of imprisonment on comparison with job training.20.问题类文章的开头段方法：（背景+主体部分简单介绍）e.g.It seems that people today are not as friendly as they used to be.In addition to outlining the causes of this problem,this essay will propose solutions.21.e.g.Today,children appear to spend most of their free time watching TV and playing computer games.The focus of this essay is on the causes of and solutions to this problem.22.Task 2 作文第4步 写中间段题目：The unlimited use of cars may cause many problems.What are those problems?In order to reduce the problems,should we discourage people from using cars?(2007年9月8日)23.题目：The unlimited use of cars may cause many problems.What are those problems?In order to reduce the problems,should we discourage people from using cars?(2007年9月8日)Step1：阅读题目，确定题目的要求 此题讨论的是汽车的影响。混合类题目：第一个问题是报告类，需要说清楚汽车使用的问题；第二个问题是观点类，需要说清楚是否应该鼓励人们不用汽车。24.Step2：思考观点私人汽车会造成污染。Step3：思考原因和结果（注意逻辑关系）燃烧汽油（原因）产生废气（结果）Step4：转化成英文。Private car use can cause air pollution.It involves fuel consumption and creates exhaust fumes.25.Step5：使用并列句、3大从句（名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句）进行拓展。Private car use is a major environmental issue around the world,because it can cause air pollution.It is a habit that involves fuel consumption and creates exhaust fumes.Step6：使用举例、对比、强调结果的方法拓展段落。Private car use is a major environmental issue around the world,because it can cause air pollution.It is a habit that involves fuel consumption and creates exhaust fumes.As air quality deteriorates,many people can suffer from respiratory diseases and hospital admission will increase considerably.26.Task 2 作文第5步 写总结段写作流程：总结段一般有两个任务（大概是两至三句话）1.重新阐述你的立场和观点 2.重新总结主体部分讨论过的要点（注：问题类题目不需要阐述立场）e.g.In conclusion,advertising plays an essential role in society,not only making consumers well-informed buyers but also stimulating sales.However,consumers should be aware that advertising can give an exaggerated account of products in many cases.27.雅思作文需要注意的几个问题：1.不要用自己不熟悉的词 2.避免过分使用从句 3.少用名言 4.杜绝中国谚语 5.减少使用第一人称和第二人称 6.避免口语化的词语 7.尽量避免使用问号或者感叹号28.8.单词拼写：单词拼写要用英式拼法，而不是美式拼写 A.E.B.E.or vs.our -ze vs.se-ll vs.l-er vs.re-ense vs.ence-ling vs.lling-ed.vs.t9.不要用缩写：dont 改成 do not，isnt改成 is not等等10.不要用比喻29.11.连接词 主体段落的句子连接有两种方法:第一是使用连接词：引言：in general,as a general rule,more often than not,in may cases,in most cases,by and large,not surprisingly,undoubtedly并列或者递进：besides,in addition,moreover,furthermore,whats more,let alone,last but not least,likewise,in extreme cases30.转折：however,nonetheless,meanwhile,nevertheless,nevertheless,on the other hand,at the other extreme,on the negative side,on the positive/plus side,on the downside,under exceptional circumstances,conversely选择：alternatively,instead,rather,conversely对比和比较：by comparison,by contrast,in contrast31.Task 2作文要点总结：1.观点最好是符合常识的观点，切记标新立异而又不知道如何论证。2.观点一般体现在段落的中心句上。3.中心句最好出现题目的关键词，直接回应题目。4.主体段落的论述注意两点：第一，解释原因；第二，阐述结果和影响。5.整篇文章最好不要出现信息和单词上的大量重复。6.结论段不要给建议。32.