初一英语上册知识点归纳与总结1.doc

初一上册具体单元的知识点：
Starter unit1 Good morning
1. 字母A-H
2. 元音发音要领及记忆
3. 男生名和女生名的区别
4. 问候语：Good morning! Good afternoon! Good evening!及其答语； How are you? I’m fine, thanks.

Starter unit2 What’s this in English?
1. 字母I-R
2. 单词：in English; map; cup; ruler; pen; orange; jacket; key; quilt
3. 句型：---what’s this in English?
---It’s a jacket.
--- what’s that in English?
--- It’s an orange.
--- spell it, please.
--- O-R-A-N-G-E.
4. 辅音的发音要领及记忆
5. a / an 的用法： 用于单数可数名词前，表示“一”
a 用于以辅音发音开头的单词之前
an 用于以元音发音开头的单词前

Starter unit3 what color is it?
1. 字母S-Z
2. 辅音发音要领及记忆; 音标拼读
3. 单词：red; yellow; green; blue; black; white; purple; brown
4. 句型：---what’s this in English?
---It’s a key.
--- spell it, please.
--- K-E-Y.
--- what color is it?
--- It’s yellow.

Unit 1 My name is Gina.
1. 单词
2. 句型：What’s your/his/her name？--- My/His/Her name is ….
Nice to meet you.
Nice to meet you, too.
What’s your/her/his phone number？--- It’s 5352375
First /Family /Last name my/ your/her/his....
Is he jack?--- Yes, he is.
Are you Helen? --- Yes, I am.
3. 代词
1、人称代词和物主代词
人称代词

第一人称
第二人称
第三人称

单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
she\ he\ it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
her\ him\ it
them
物主代词

my
our
your
your
her \his\ its
their
2、指示代词: this (these) that (those)
4. 短语
很高兴认识你
电话号码
姓
名

Unit 2 This is my sister
1. 单词：mother; father; parents; brothers; grandmother; grandfather; friend; grandparents; sister; uncle; aunt; cousin
2. 句型：
This is my friend, Jane.
These are my brothers.
Who is he? ---- He is my brother.
Who are they?--- They are my grandparents.
Here are two photos of my family.
3. 短语
我明白了 I see
祝你愉快 have a nice day!
在下一张照片里
一张...的照片
4. Reading
5. Writing: write about your family

Unit 3 Is this your pencil?
1. 单词：pencil; pen; books; eraser; ruler; pencil box; schoolbag; dictionary; baseball; ID card; ring; watch; key; computer game; notebook; bag
2. 短语：
铅笔盒
身份证
学生证
电脑游戏
丢失
一串钥匙
给我打电话
给...发邮件
3. 句子：
Is this your pencil? --- Yes, it is.
Is that your schoolbag?---- No, it isn’t.
Are those your books?--- No, they aren’t.
Ask the teacher for it.
Call me at 6856034.
My phone number is 4953539.
How do you spell it?
4. Reading: lost and found
5. Writing: write about the lost things.

Unit4 where is my schoolbag?
1. 单词：table; bed; bookcase; sofa; chair; schoolbag; books; keys; radio; tape player; tape; clock; model plane; hat
2. 短语：
录音机
模型飞机
在椅子下
在桌子上
英语书
在书架里

3. 句子
Where is the map?--- It’s in your grandparents’ room.
Where are my books?--- They are on the sofa.
I think it’s in your grandparents’ room.
I’m tidy, but Gina is not.
Gina’s books are everywhere-- on her bed, on the sofa and under the chair.
The white model plane is hers.
4. Reading
5. Writing: write about your room.

Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?
1. 单词：tennis ball; ping-pong bat; soccer ball; volleyball; basketball; baseball bat; interesting; fun; relaxing; boring; difficult
2. 短语：
棒球
乒乓球
足球
听起来不错
打排球
看电视
打篮球
上同一所学校
热爱运动
和...一起玩
3. 句子：
Do you have a baseball? --- Yes, I do.
Does she have a tennis ball? --- No, she doesn’t.
Do they have a basketball? --- Yes, they do. They have a basketball.
I don’t have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does.
We go to the same school and we love sports.
I only watch them on TV！
After class, I play ping-pong with my classmates.
4. Reading
5. Writing: sports

Unit6 Do you like bananas?
1. 单词：hamburgers; tomatoes; oranges; ice-cream; salad; bananas; strawberries; pears; milk; bread; eggs; rice; chicken; carrots
2. 短语：
生日晚会
你是对的
晚饭后
3. 句子：
Do you like salad? --- Yes, I do.
Dose she like tomatoes? --- No, they don’t.
We like rice.
He likes ice-cream.
Let’s think about the food.
I think it’s healthy.
I like chicken for dinner.
I don’t want to be fat.
4. 重点难点
名词的单复数形式。
5. Reading
6. Writing: write about the food.

Unit 7 How much are these socks
1. 单词： socks; T-shirt; shorts; sweater; bag; hat; trousers; shoes; jacket; skirt; clothes; sale;
2. 短语：
多少钱
有何需要帮助的
一双
两双
大促销
3. 句子：
How much is the hat? --- It’s five dollars.
How much are these socks? --- They are two dollars.
What color do you want?
Two dollars for one pair and three dollars for two pairs.
Come and buy your clothes at our great sale！
We sell all our clothes at very good prices.
4. 重难点：名词单复数和how much的提问及回答；数字表达；
5. Reading
6. Writing: write about the price.

Unit 8 When is your birthday?
1. 单词：January; February; March; April; May; June; July; August; September; October; November; December;
2. 短语：
English test;
school trip;
basketball game;
art festival;
book sale;
soccer game;
School day;
Sports day
3. 句子：
When is your birthday? --- My birthday is on May 2nd.
When is her birthday? --- It’s in August.
When is your father’s birthday? --- His birthday is on April 21st.
We have some interesting and fun things for you this term.
This is a really busy term!
October is a great month.
4. 重难点
月份的表达及单词记忆； 序数词；
5. Reading
6. Writing: write about your family’s birthday.

Unit 9 My favorite subject is science.
1. 单词：P.E.; art; science; music; math; Chinese; geography; history; boring; difficult; busy; easy; free; cool; fun
2. 短语
Favorite subject
Play games
Difficult but interesting
3. 句子：
What’s your favorite subject? -- My favorite subject is science.
What’s his favorite subject? -- His favorite subject is Chinese.
Why does Bob like history? -- Because it’s interesting.
Who is your music teacher? -- My music teacher is Ms. Xie.
I am very busy on Friday.
The teacher says it is useful, but I think it is difficult.
My classes finish at 1:50, but after that I have an art lesson for two hours.
4. 重难点
学科名；谈论课程安排
5. Reading
6. Writing: write about your favorite subject.

知识点、考点归纳
一、词
（ 一 ） 名词
1、 名词的复数
（1）、一般的直接加s，如 desk（desks） 、pen(pens) 、ruler(rulers)
（2）、以 x 、s、ch、sh结 尾 的 加 es如 box(boxes)、class(classes)、watch(watches)等
（3）、以辅音字母加y结尾的要变y为i加es， 如 family ,comedy,documentary等
(4)、以0结尾的名词，有生命的加es如：tomato(tomatoes) 、potato (potatoes ); 没有生命的加s,如
photo(photos)、piano(pianos)、zero(zeros)
2、 名词所有格在名词的后边加’s ,表示后面的名词属于前面的名词所有 ， 如 LiLei’s bag Tom’s desk 、her mother’s brother
3、 专用名词的大写
如 English、Brown 、Rush 、Sunday 、January 、December、 Beijing Opera
（ 二 ） 动词
1、 动词的种类(四类)
系动词如 be(is am are)； 情态动词如 can 、may、need；助动词（ do does）；行为动词如 take 、bring、eat、have(has)、like、sell、buy、sale、play、see、find、go、watch、thank、think 等
2、 动词的第三人称单数（与名词的复数一样 ）
如 eat(eats) take (takes) buy (buys) play (plays) have(has) are (is)
3、 动词的时态（一般现在时 ）
（ 1）含有系动词的
I’m a Chinese boy .
She is twelve .
He is Tim’s brother .
Her mother is an English teacher .
含有系动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只将“主语和系动词交换位置”，上面句子变成一般疑 问句时分别为
Are you a Chinese boy ?（ 注意第一人称通常变为第二人称 ）
Is she twelve ?
Is he Tim’s brother ?
Is her mother an English teacher ?
含有系动词的句子在变否定句时只须“在系动词的后边加上not”，前面的几个了陈述句变否定句分别为
I’m not a Chinese boy.
She isn’t twelve .
He is not Tim’s btother .
Her mother isn’t an English teacher .
(2)含有情态动词的句子 （ can ）,
She can play basketball.
His mother’s cousin can sing many English songs.
含有情态动词的句子在变一般疑问句时只须将“主语和情态动词交换位置”，上面两句变一般疑问句分别为
Can she play basketball ?
Can his mother’s cousin sing many English songs ?
含有情态动词的句子在变否定句时直接在情态动词的后边加上not ,上面两个陈述句变否定句分别为
She can not play basketball .
His mother’s cousin can not sing many English songs .
(3)含有行为动词的句子
We have many friends.
They watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students take their books to school .
I have lunch at school .
You have a sister .
含有行为动词的句子在变一般疑问句时要在原句子的前面加do.上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为
Do you have many friends ?
Do they watch TV at 7 in the evening ?
Do the students take their books to school ?
Do you have lunch at school ?
Do you have a sister ?
含有行为动词的句子在变否定句时只须在行为动词前加don’t .上述五个陈述句变否定句分别为
We don’t have many friends.
They don’t watch TV at 7 in the evening .
The students don’t take their books to school .
I don’t have lunch at school .
You don’t have a sister .
含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词要加s (或es)如：
She has a red pen .
He has eggs for breakfast .
Her mother buys a skirt for her .
She likes thrillers .
My brother watches TV every evening .
He wants to go to a movie .
含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变一般疑问句要“在原句子的前面加上does , 同时行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变成一般疑问句分别为：
Does she have a red pen ?
Does he have eggs for breakfast ?
Does her mother buy a skirt for her ?
Does she like thrillers ？
Does your brother watch TV every evening ？
Does he want to go to a movie ？
含有行为动词的句子，当主语是第三人称单数时，变否定句时“在行为动词前面加does’nt , 同时原行为动词要还原”。上面的句子变否定句分别为：
She doesn’t have a red pen .
He doesn’t have eggs for breakfast .
Her mother doesn’t buy a skirt for her .
She doesn’t like thrillers .
My brother doesn’t watch TV every evening .
He doesn’t want to go to a movie .
（三）形容词
本册所学的形容词不多，注意拼法和反义词
big (small) long (short) sad (happy) boring (interesting\funny ) exciting difficult
relaxing great healthy old (new) successful white (black)
（四）代词
1、人称代词和物主代词
人称代词

第一人称
第二人称
第三人称

单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
主格
I
we
you
you
she\ he\ it
they
宾格
me
us
you
you
her\ him\ it
them
物主代词

my
our
your
your
her \his\ its
their
2、指示代词: this (these) that (those)
3、不定代词 some someone
4、疑问代词 who what how much how old (疑问副词：when where )
5、反身代词 yourself
(五)数量词
1、基数词 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen
2、序数词 first second third fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth ninth tenth
（六）介词：本册的介词较少，主要用在介词短语里面，如
on：on sale (销售) \ on weekends (在周末) \ on April 8th, (在四月八日) \ on the desk (在桌子上) \ on TV (在电视上) \
in：in English (用英语) \ in the afternoon (在下午) \ in the case (在盒子里) \
T-shirt in red (红色T恤) \ be in the movie（出演这部电影）\ in September (在九月)
be in our school music festival （参加我们学校的音乐节）
at：call sb.at 3356 (拨打3356找某人) \ at your school (在你们学校里) \ at Huaxing Clothes Store （在华兴服装店）\ at a very good price (以非常优惠的价格) \ at six (六点钟)
have a look at (看一看)
of：a set of (一串…) \ the photo of your family (你的全家照) \ lots of =a lot of (许多) \
date of birth（birthday）(生日)
with：with sb. (同某人一起) \ be good with (和…相处得好) \ help sb. with sth. (帮助某人做某事)
for：thanks for =thank you for (谢谢某人的….) \ bag for sports (运动包) \ pants for $30 (卖30元的裤子) \ see for yourself (亲自看看) \ for girls (对女孩子来说) \ like sth. for lunch (喜欢吃……当作午餐)
about：about Chinese history (有关中国历史)
under：under the desk (在桌子下面)
（七）副词：除疑问副词外，本册的副词有only too very well often also really
副词only often also really 等在句中的位置都是在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。
注意几组词的区别：
1、too 和also ：too一般放在句子的末尾，also在行为动词前面或是系动词的后面。
2、well 和 good ：两个词都有“好”的意思，但well 是副词，而good 是形容词，well修饰动词，放在动词的后面，good 修饰名词，放在名词的前面。如play basketball well
speak English well a good student Good morning
（八）冠词：只有不定冠词a (an)和定冠词the 两个
1、不定冠词a和an ：a用在辅音前，如 a pen a chair \ an apple an egg an 用在元音前。an old teacher an English book an action movie
注意辅音字母第一个音是元音的情况：F H L M N S X这七个字母的第一个音是元音，在说一个以上字母时要用an ,如an“F” (一个F) an “X” (一个X)。
同时注意字母U,它是元音字母，但它的第一个音是辅音，因此说一个U，应为 a “U” 。
2、定冠词the：当一个名词第二次出现时前面用the 。
注意在三餐饭（breakfast lunch dinner ）前不用the ,月份和星期前都不用the ,体育活动的球类运动前面不用the 。如:have dinner \ in January \ December \ Sunday \ play basketball
play tennis (volleyball \ soccer \ Ping Pong \ chess \ baseball) 在乐器的前面要用定冠词the 。如：play the guitar (the violin \ the piano \ the drum )
(九)连词：本册所学连词有and but or then
and 连接两个词或两个句子，表示前后的句子意思顺接。
如：I like thrillers and I like action movies.
but 连接两个句子，表示后面意思转折。
如：He likes tomatoes but she doesn’t like broccolis or 表示选择关系。如：Can you play the piano or the violin?
then表示动作的先后顺序。
二、句子
（句子的种类）：句子分为四种即 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
这里重点介绍疑问句和祈使句
（一）疑问句：一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句 1、一般疑问句：见前面的动词部分。一般疑问句的回答用“yes”或“no”开头，用“yes”作肯定
回答时后面不能出现“not”，用“no”作否定回答时后面要出现“not”。
2、特殊疑问句：其结构为“ 特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句的结构 ”本册出现的特殊疑问句有
My name is Jim. What’s your name ? His name is Marry. What’s his name ?
Her first name is Brow. What is her first name?
Her bag is on the bed . Where’s her bag ? The oranges are in the room. Where are the oranges?
My telephone number is 2975. What is your telephone number?
I’m fine. How are you? She is fine. How is she?
I’m fifteen years old. How old are you?
This skirt is twelve dollars. How much is this skirt?
These pants are 18 dollars. How much are these pants?
Her birthday is September 23rd. When is her birthday?
The apple is red. What color is the apple?
What’s this in English?
How do you spell this word?
What kind of movies do you like?
（二）祈使句：表示命令、请求。本册所学的祈使句类型有
Spell it, please.
Please take these things to your sister.
Let’s play ping-pong.(tennis\basketball\volleyball)
Come and buy your clothes.
Have a look at Zig Zag’s Clothes Store.

四、本册出现的短语
first name 名字 last name/ family name 姓氏
phone number 电话号码 an ID card 一张身份证
pencil case 铅笔盒 pencil sharpener 铅笔刀
computer game 电脑游戏 play computer games玩电脑游戏
call sb．at 347-2365 给某人打347-2365 lost and found 失物招领
a set of keys 一串钥匙 in English 用英语
an eraser 一块铅笔擦 pen friend 笔友
thanks for 为…感谢 a photo of your family 你家人的照片
on the sofa 在沙发上 behind the door 在门后
next to the bookcase 在书柜旁边 in the drawer 在抽屉里
under the chair 在椅子下 on the floor 在地板
between the dresser and the bookcase 在梳妆台和书柜之间
an alarm clock 一只闹钟 video cassette 录象带
soccer ball 英式足球 math book 数学书
take sth to sb. 把…拿(去)给某人 bring sth. to sb. 把…带(来)给某人
play basketball 打篮球 play ping-pong /table tennis 打乒乓球
play volleyball 打排球 play soccer/football 踢足球
play baseball 打棒球 play tennis 打网球
tennis racket 网球拍