冠词词组(定冠词-不定冠词及零冠词).doc

冠词用法补充知识
1. 定冠词the 可以用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛，某些国名，组织机构，报纸，杂志，书籍，会议，条约，信仰等名词前。如：

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the Atlantic 大西洋
the Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠
the Yangtze ( the Yangtze River) 长江
the Philippines 菲律宾群岛
the Netherlands荷兰
the Thames 泰晤士河
the Alps 阿尔卑斯山
the Grand Canal 大运河
the Taiwan Strait 台湾海峡
the Yellow Sea 黄海
the Antarctic Circle 南极圈
the Senate 参议院
the House of Representatives众议院（美国）
the Duma 杜马
the House of Commons 下议院（英国）
the Book of Poetry 诗经
the Three Gorges 三峡
the Louvre 卢浮宫
the Imperial Palace故宫
the Pentagon 五角大楼

Note: ①但是下列这类名词前零冠词：

Life 《生活》周刊
Time《时代》周刊
News Week《新闻》周刊
Congress国会
Parliament议会

②含有Mount , Lake, Cape 等表示孤岛，独山，湖泊的名词前一般不加定冠词，但中国湖泊名词前却常带定冠词。如：

Lake Baikal 贝加尔湖
Hainan Island
Mt, Fuji 富士山
Mt. Ali阿里山
Lake Michigan Cape of Good Hope 好望角
Mount Jolmo Lungma 珠穆朗玛峰
the Dongting Lake
the Taihu Lake

2. 下列惯用语中要求用定冠词

at the same time
by the way
all the year round
in the distance
on the run 在流传
on the spot
at the scene
at the end of …
for the better 好转
in the long run
on the side of 在某人一边
on the ground
to the left
on the increase
on the whole
with the exception of 除…外
go to the doctor
take the consequence
be armed to the teeth
in the end
for the time being
on the air 在播送中，流传
on the other hand
by the hour
in the shade
on the way
the other day 前几天
under the circumstances
to tell the truth
go to the theater
break the ice 打破沉默
keep the peace 维持治安
show sb. the door
（不客气地）请某人离开
3. 下列成对使用的名词或名词，形容词等固定搭配中，零冠词。
这类用法的词，词义有些很接近，有些指同一事物或含有对比，对照的含义。如：

right and wrong
friend and foe
side by side
husband and wife
rich and poor
town and country
pencil and notebook
track and field
face to face
father and son
from right to left
young and old
arm in arm
hand in hand
pen and ink
from south to north
hands and knees
bread and butter
step by step
all in all
head and shoulders 远胜于
hand and foot 手脚一起，周到地
back to back
time after time
word for word
bit by bit
back and forth
from top to bottom
light and dark
fish and chips
law and order
life for life
from cover to cover
one by one
from ear to ear 咧嘴笑
inch by inch

4. 下列短语有无定冠词意思不同。如果名词表示的是具体的建筑物或事物，有定冠词the，但如果是与这些建筑物或事物有关的情形或活动，或表明其用途或作用等则零冠词。
如：

in red
in the red
in office
in the office
behind time
behind the time
in school
in the school
in hospital
in the hospital
in class
in the class

out of office
out of the office
in secret
in the secret
keep house
keep the house
come out of prison /hospital
come out of the prison /hospital
go to school /university
go to the school /university
by day
by the day

at school
at the school
in prison

in the prison
in bed
in the bed
go to prison
go to the prison
go to bed
go to the bed
go to town
go to the town
at table
at the table
at sea
at the sea
5. 下列惯用语要求不用冠词（零冠词）
by heart
in return
in fear
in danger
at present
in effect
by mistake
in honour of
in force
in peace
in short
in trouble
in debt
at war
by way of
on sale
on board
in office
on guard
out of hand
at hand
give way

under way
out of mind
out of date
at home
according to plan
run for life
from bad to worse
in sight of
in common
make way
lose heart
in charge
out of place
at bottom
keep pace with
on arrival
out of job
without question
catch fire
at risk
leave school
by chance
on duty

6. 下列惯用语要求使用不定冠词。
in a way
all of a sudden
in a sense
at a loss
of a size
have a word with
have a try
make a living
take an interest in

at a distance
for a while
in a hurry
in a word
keep an eye on
take a walk
take a chance
lend a hand
make a fuss
at a disadvantage

as a matter of fact
as a rule