培优练习--6.doc

培优练习 6
阅读理解： A　　
A black hole is a place in space where gravity pulls so much that even light cannot get out. The gravity is so strong because matter has been squeezed into a tiny space. This can happen when a star is dying.
　　Because no light can get out, people can’t see black holes. Space telescopes with special tools can help find black holes. The special tools can see how stars that are very close to black holes act differently from other ones.
　　Black holes can be big or small. Scientists think the smallest black holes are as small as just one atom. These black holes are very tiny but have the mass of a large mountain. Mass is the amount of matter, or “staff”, in an object.
　　Another kind of black hole is called “stellar”(星球黑洞). Its mass can be up to 20 times more than the mass of the sun. There may be many stellar mass black holes in Earth’s galaxy. Earth’s galaxy is called the Milky Way.
　　The largest black holes are called “supermassive”(超大质量黑洞). These black holes have masses that are more than one million suns together. Scientists have found proof that every large galaxy contains a supermassive black hole at its center. The supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy has a mass equal to about four million suns and would fit inside a very large ball that could hold a few million Earths.
　　Scientists think the smallest black holes formed when the universe began. Stellar black holes are made when the center of a very big star falls in upon itself, or falls apart. When this happens, it exploded part of the star into space. Scientists think supermassive black holes were made at the same time as the galaxy they are in.
　　A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting a black hole.
　　When a black hole and a star are close together, high-energy light is made. This kind of light cannot be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light.
　　1. The gravity of a black hole may become so strong that light cannot get out when ____________.
　　 A. the star is going to die           B. special tools are used on it
　　 C. other stars come close to it       D. it is seen from the space telescopes
　　2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
　　 A. A black hole can be very tiny but extremely heavy.
　　 B. The gravity of a black hole holds all light in its center.
　　 C. Scientists observe high-energy light through their own eyes.
　　 D. Some small black holes came into being as early as the universe.
　　3. Which can be inferred from the passage?
　　 A. Every galaxy must have a black hole.        B. A galaxy is the center of the universe.
　　 C. A galaxy consists of a large group of stars and planets.      
D. Earth’s galaxy is called the Milky Way.
　　4. What does the last sentence in Paragraph 5 suggest?
　　 A. Neither the sun nor the earth is as heavy as a black hole.
　　 B. There is only one supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way.
　　 C. The supermassive black hole had existed before the Milky Way was formed.
　　 D. There is a reason why the large black holes are called “supermassive”.
　　5. The last two paragraph mainly focus on the question of _________.
　　 A. what a black hole is         B. how black holes form
　　 C. how big black holes are      D. how scientists know about black holes
B
The computer keyboard helped kill shorthand—a system of rapid handwriting, and now it’s threatening to finish off handwriting as a whole. When handwritten essays were introduced on the SAT exams for the class of 2012, just 15% of the most1.5 million students wrote their answers in cursive(草写字母). The rest? Block letters.
　　And those college hopefuls are just the first edge of a wave of US students who no longer get much handwriting instructions in the primary grades, frequently 10 minutes a day or less. As a result, more and more students struggle to read and write cursive.
　　At Keene Mill Elementary School in Springfield, all their poems and stories are typed. Children in Fairfax County schools are taught keyboarding beginning in kindergarten. Older students who never mastered handwriting say it doesn’t affect their grades.
　　There are those who say the culture is at a crossing, turning from the written word to the typed one. If handwriting becomes a lost form of communication, does it matter?
　　It was at University Virginia that researchers recently discovered a previously unknown poem by Robert, written in his unique script. Handwritten documents are more valuable to researchers, historians say, because their authenticity(真实性) can be confirmed. Students also find them more fascinating.
　　The loss of handwriting also may be  a cognitive(认知的) opportunity missed. Several academic studies have found that good handwriting skills at a young age can help children express their thoughts better—a lifelong benefit.
　　It doesn’t take much to teach better handwriting skills. At some schools in Prince George’s County, elementary school students use a program called Handwriting Without Tears for 15 minutes a day. They learn the correct formation of manuscript letters through second grade, and cursive letters in third grade.
　　There are always going to be some kids who struggle with handwriting because of their particular neurological(神经系统的) writing, learning issues or poor motor skills. Educators often point to this factor in support of keyboarding.
　　6. What is the author concerned about after 2012 Sat exams?
　　 A. Keyboarding.      B. Shorthand.      C. Handwriting.     D. Block letters.
　　7. A poem by Robert mentioned in the passage is used to ____________.
　　 A. prove how valuable handwriting is   B. explain what a famous poet he is
　　 C. show how unique his poem is         D. stress how fascinating the documents are
　　8. The example of Handwriting Without Tears helps to argue that _____________.
　　 A. the schools are responsible for the loss of handwriting
　　 B. the loss of handwriting is a cognitive opportunity missed
　　 C. it doesn’t take much to teach better handwriting skills
　　 D. the culture is turning from the written word to the typed one
　　9. According to the author, when is a perfect time to learn handwriting?
　　 A. Kindergarten.                 B. Primary school.
　　 C. High school.                  D. College.
　　10. What is the author’s attitude towards this debate?
　　 A. Devotion.       B. Encouragement.        C. Critical.        D. Objective.
完形填空 ：
When I was fifteen, I announced to my English class that I was going to write my own books. Half the students smiled 1 , and even worse, the rest nearly fell out of their chairs laughing. “Don’t be 2 . Only geniuses can become writers.” the English teacher said, “And you are getting a D this term.” I was so 3 that I burst into tears. That night I wrote a short    4   poem about broken dreams and mailed it to the newspaper. To my 5 , they published it and sent me two dollars. I was a published and paid writer. I showed my teacher and fellow students. They laughed, “Just plain dumb luck,” the teacher said. I tasted 6 ; I’d sold the first thing I’d ever written. That was more than any of them had done and if it was just dumb luck, that was fine with me.
During the next two years,I sold dozens of poems and letters. By the time I graduated from high school, I had scrapbooks (剪贴簿) 7 with my published works. I never 8 _ my writing to my teachers, friends or my family again  because they were dream 9
I had four children at the time. While the children slept, I typed on my ancient typewriter. I wrote what I felt. It took nine months. I chose a 10 and mailed it. A month later I received a contract, an advance on payments, and a request to start 11 another book. Crying Wind, which became a best seller, was translated into fifteen languages and sold worldwide. My first book also became required  12 in native American schools in Canada.
    In the 13 year I ever had as a writer I earned two dollars. In my best year I earned 36,000 dollars. People ask what college I 14 , what degrees I have and what qualifications I have to be a writer. The answer is: “None.” I just write. I’m not a genius. I use an electric typewriter that I paid a hundred and twenty nine dollars for six years ago. I do all the housework and fit my writing in a few minutes here and there. I’ve written eight books. To all those who dream of writing, I’m shouting at you: “Yes, you can. Don’t listen to them.” I don’t write right but I’ve succeeded. Writing is 15 ; it’s fun and anyone can do it. Of course, a little dumb luck doesn’t hurt.

1.
A. unkindly
B. happily
C. willingly
D. crazily
2.
A. curious
B. depressed
C. excited
D. silly 
3.
A. unlucky
B. ashamed
C. moved 
D. unconfident
4.
A. sad
B. innocent
C disappointing
D. puzzling
5.
A. puzzlement
B. expectation 
C. astonishment
D. disappointment
6.
A. coldness
B. failure
C. success
D. prejudice
7.
A. furnished
B. linked
C. combined
D. filled
8.
A. remembered
B. concluded 
C. described
D. mentioned
9.
A. killers
B. makers
C. designers
D. creators
10.
A. writer
B. reporter
C. publisher
D. manager
11.
A. working on
B. going on
C. turning on
D. putting on
12.
A. writing
B. reading
C. selling
D. buying
13.
A. busiest
B. unluckiest
C. worst
D. highest
14.
A. worked
B. attended
C. admitted
D. participated
15.
A. easy
B. hard
C. convenient
D. practical

第二节: 语法填空（共10小题； 每小题1.5分，满分15分）
The task of being accepted and enrolled in a university begins early for some students. Long before they graduate 16 high school, these students take special courses to prepare for advanced study. They may also take one or more examinations that test 17 well prepared they are for the university. In the final year of high school, they complete 18 (apply) and send them, with their student records, to the universities 19 they hope to enter. Some high school students may be required to have an interview_ 20 people from the university. Neatly dressed and usually very frightened, they are determined to show that they have a good attitude and the ability to succeed.
After the new students 21 (accept), many colleges and universities offer __22__instruction program for them. In these programs, they get to know the procedures for registration and students advising, university rules, the use of the library and all the __23 major services of the university.
Beginning a new life in a new place can be very 24 (puzzle). The more knowledge students have about the school, the easier 25 will be for them to adapt to the new environment. However , it takes time to get used to college life

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