任务型阅读题型汇总.docx

高考任务型阅读
一、 题型解读与突破途径
1. 识别不同文体的特征;
2. 分析句子结构理解难句和长句;
3. 理解阅读材料中不同的观点和态度;
二、"任务型阅读",主要考查何种能力?
捕捉信息能力属基础题、组织信息能力属活用题、综合概括信息能力属概括题、信息能力捕捉信息题、组织信息题、综合概括题。
三、解题步骤与方法
1,略读.快速浏览全文,理清文章基本结构。
2,扫读.扫读图表,以利带着问题找读. ,扫读.扫读图表,以利带着问题找读。
3,细读.分析整合信息,准确表达。
4,复查.通观全篇,复读检查。
形式1（补全文章or对话）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
College life can become a great struggle because students have to balance school, a social life, and sometimes a job as well. The following steps could help the grades of college students.
Go to class. Why did your parents pay for your tuition or why are your parents paying their taxes for financial aid? Even when you don't feel like attending class, just go. 71 Many classes have in class assignments, pop quizzes, and case studies that only could be taken in class. If you are not there, you might lose points.
72 College is all about multitasking. Planners can really help you to balance homework, due dates and tests. You should try to get your work done early, then you will have less stress.
Be business-like about your education. If you had a job you would have to go to your job at 9am and stay there until 5pm. 73 If you did the same thing in college, you would be great. Go to class, go to the library, study seriously, at 5pm put away the books and go home. Once in a while you might have to work late, just like at a real job.
74 Everyone studies in different ways. Some can study with a lot of noise and others want silence. Some can't even study with music on and some need dead silence. Some like the library and some like to study with friends, or even outside.
75
A．Stay organized.
B．Always try to keep a positive attitude and have confidence.
C．You might get participation points, and the professor will also get to know you better.
D．The rest of the day would be your own time.
E．Use your time effectively and efficiently.
F．Find your own best method of studying.
G．Making friends with your classmates.

形式二（信息匹配）
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
首先，请阅读下面有关购车的五条建议：
A. Don't assume that the sticker price is the purchase price.
To get the lowest price, go in with a starting price that's based not on the sticker price but on how much the dealer paid for the vehicle. A reasonable price to start negotiations is either 4 to 8 percent over what the dealer paid or the CR Wholesale Price, depending on the demand for the model.
B. Do your homework.
Thoroughly research your choices. Read a variety of reviews. Check the reliability, safety, fuel economy, and pricing of any models you're considering. And don't wait until the day you plan to buy to test drive the vehicles. If you have a trade-in, know its approximate worth. That will depend on the vehicle's age, condition, mileage, and equipment, as well as where you trade it in.
C. Negotiate one thing at one time.
Make clear that you want the lowest possible mark-up over your starting price. Add that you intend to visit other dealerships selling the same vehicle and will buy from the dealer with the best price. Only after you've settled on the price should you discuss financing, leasing, or a trade-in, as necessary. Negotiate each item individually. Remember, you're in charge and can leave at any time. Heading for the door can sometimes jump-start a slow-moving negotiation or bring a lower offer.
D. Don't pay for extras you don't need.
Don't accept those unnecessary services and fees. If the items are on the bill of sale, put a line through them. Vehicle bodies are already coated to protect against rust. And CR reliability surveys show that rust is not a major problem with modern cars. You can treat upholstery and apply paint protectant yourself with good off-the-shelf products. You can also do your own VIN etching with a kit that costs about $25.
E. Other costs.
In addition to the vehicle price, you need to consider other costs, including: Sales tax; Registration fees; Insurance premiums Taxes and registration fees can increase your out-of-pocket cost by as much as 10 percent or more, and driving a car that’s worth more than your current one will cost more to insure. Be sure to check with your insurance agent or get insurance quotes online so you understand what you’re getting into.
F. Arrange financing in advance.
Compare interest rates at several banks, credit unions, and loan organizations before checking the dealer's rates. If pre-approved for a loan, you can keep financial arrangements out of the negotiations. Automakers may offer attractive financing terms, but make sure you qualify for them.

请结合以上建议，与下面的情形进行匹配。
21. Many dealerships prey on the unprepared. Going into a showroom “cold”-- without having gathered key facts and preliminary(初步的) pricing figures -- gives the salesperson too much control over the buying process.
22. The dealer invoice price is commonly available on Web sites and in pricing guides. But the invoice price isn't necessarily what the dealer paid. There are often behind-the-scenes bonuses（幕后红利）, such as dealer incentives and holdbacks, that give the dealer more profit margin.
23. Salespeople like to mix financing, leasing, and trade-in negotiations together, often asking you to negotiate around a monthly payment figure. This tactic gives the dealer more latitude to offer you a favorable figure in one area while inflating figures in another.
24. The salesperson may try to sign you up for a higher rate than you could get elsewhere.
25. Dealers often try to sell you extras such as rust proofing, fabric protection, and paint protection or push etching your Vehicle Identification Number on windows to deter thieves.
Key：BACFD
形式三（Q & A）
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.
One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.
The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.
It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.
(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)
81. What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?

82. What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?

83. After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.

84. From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.

答案：
81. An organization of more than 200 individuals.
82. Structuring smaller organizations and building direct personal relationships.
83. seemed to be more difficult / less satisfying
84. the close social networks / the free flow of information / the causal communication