语法填空解题技巧(16届).doc

高考英语语法填空答题技巧

1. 纯空格填空题：主要是填冠词、介词、代词和连词(含从属连词和并列连词)四类。一个空格只能填____个词。
2. 给提示词题：通常考动词，形容词和副词的比较级，词类转换等。一个空格可以填一到三个词。

一、 纯空格试题的解题技巧 

首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。

考点一：冠词（不定冠词a/an,定冠词the）：名词之前
解题技巧：
1.下列情况很可能填不定冠词
(1)____+可数名词单数
(2)+形容词+可数名词单数
2.下列情况很可能填定冠词
（1）___(+定语)+名词+of等介词短语（表示特指）
（2）___(+定语)+名词+定语从句（表示特指）
（3）___(+定语)+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表示特指）
1. I still remember taking __ visiting friend from Canada to our school.
2. there once were a goat and a donkey….So the farmer killed ___goat and gave the donkey medicine made from its heart.
3. the is ___law of American—of all successful people.

考点二：介词（名词或代词前）
1.与名词相连构成介宾短语。
2.与不及物动词构成动词短语接宾语。
1. Some kinds of animals are ___ danger.
2. It is not polite to laugh ___a disabled person.
3. He was very tired____ doing this for a whole day…..

考点三：代词
作主语用主格，作宾语用宾格; 形容词性物主代词修饰名词，注意和名词性物主代词的区别;
指示代词（this和that），不定代词，it用作形式主语和形式宾语，在强调句型中的用法；反身代词的用法;疑问代词的用法。
1. She remembered how difficult __ was to choose a good job after graduating from the college.
2. I can’t send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and __1__ gets there almost in a second.
3. I have no confidence, so I can’t believe ____.
4. It is said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960—1279) was very anxious to help ___33___rice crop grow up quickly. (2008年广东高考)

考点四：连词或从句引导词
技巧：
1. 连接两个功能对等(词性、时态等一致)的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and, or ,but等。
…two world-famous artists, Pablo Picasso    4   Cabdido Poitinari, which are worth millions of dollars.
He ran quickly into the classroom___ found that the teacher was not in.
2. 若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。
He was very tired after doing this for a whole day, ______he felt very happy.
The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini ___ _died in 1926.
They had to have a rest ____they worked for a long time.

二．给提示词题型

考点一：给出了动词的试题的解题技巧
首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按以下两点进行思考。

1.谓语动词（与主语构成主谓结构）
技巧：1.判断所给的动词是作谓语
2.考虑谓语动词的时态和语态
I was sure she would like it because I ____(tell) by my classmate that she loved hot food.
When the old man died, he   13   (give) everything to his neighbour

2.：非谓语动词（除谓语以外的动词形式）
技巧：
若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定是v-ing形式，-ed形式，还是不定式（to do），确定的方法主要有：
    (1) 作主语或宾语，通常用v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。
    例18：…but it is not enough only _18_(memorize) rules from a grammar book.
    例19：  19 _(speak) out your inner feeling won’t make you feel ashamed, on the contrary…
    (2) 作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。
    例20：_20_(complete) the project as planed, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
    (3) 不论非谓语动词在句中作何种成分，若判断需要用分词，与逻辑主语是主动关系用—ing形式，是被动关系用—ed形式。如：
Lessons ___39___ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.。
 He saw the stone, __21_(say) to himself: “the night will be very dark.”
The headmaster went into the lab, _22_(follow) by the foreign guests.

考点二：词类转换题
技巧：
1.作主语、在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。如：
[例31] When China’s ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.
[例32] These people have made great ___39___ (contribute) to China with their work.
[例33] …instructors expect students to be familiar with ___32___ (inform) in the reading…

2. 作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。
    例26：The youngster immediately fell _26_(silence) as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.
例27：Teachers must try their best to make most of their students _27_(interest) in the subject.

3.修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。
    例28：As I looked _28  (close) at this girl, I found that…
例29： 29  (fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.

4 .括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。
通常，有表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用最高级; than前面一定要用比较级。
One of the ____(bad) gift choices I ever made was for my high school English teacher……
5.括号中所给词有可能是要求词义转换，词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un—, im—等，在词根后加—less等。如：
[例39] People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use).
[例40] Your mistake caused a lot of ________ (necessary) work in the office.

语法填空练习
Last Friday Miss Wang gave us a lesson on the history of English. I learned much from it. She said __1__ English was not the language of English until the 5th century when the Germans came. I never expected English has many French words just __2__ a Frenchman William became the king of England __3__ 1066. What’s more, we really couldn’t believe our ears when Miss Wang told __4__ that English has become an international language __5__ (part) because its grammar is easy! Miss Wang said that other language in Europe have __6__ (difficult) grammar than English.
The lesson of that day was so strange __7__ interesting. Well, I think it is foolish __8__ us to learn a very difficult language, isn’t it? Once I didn’t like English, but after this lesson, I find I am interested in it. Miss Wang __9__ (promise) that she would tell us more about English the next week. I cannot wait __10__ (have) the coming lesson.

语法填空答题技巧参考答案：
1. it    2. his    3. as    4. and     5. who     6. but     7. it     8. it     9. it    10. Only    11. that     12. than    13. will give    14. closed      15. were taken 16. results in    17. celebrated      18. to memorize    19. Speaking   20. To complete 21. saying    22. followed    23. uncomfortable    24. equipment      25. contributions    26. silent    27. interested     28. closely      29. Fortunately   30. useless      31. unnecessary    32. harder     33. worse     34. higher
语法填空参考答案：
1. that    2. because    3. in    4. us     5. partly    6. more difficulty   7. but   8. of   9. promised     10. to have

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