高考英语语法——反义疑问句.doc

反义疑问句一.概念 反意疑问句是附加在陈述句之后,对陈述句所表示的事实或观点提出疑问的句子.附加疑问实际上是一种简略的一般疑问句. 二.相关知识点精讲 1.反意疑问句的结构：陈述句（主语+谓语），+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语（代词形式）？ 说明：陈述句部分如果是肯定句，反意疑问句，疑问句部分的助动词/情态动词/be动词+not （否定提问）；如果陈述句部分是否定句，反意疑问句，疑问句部分用肯定式提问。 例句： He is your teacher, isnt he? People shouldnt drop litter on the pavements, should they? You found the key in the bedroom, didnt you? They have a house in town, havent they? /dont they? The boy has to clean his room, doesnt he? I am right, arent I? Theyd rather go by bus, wouldnt they? Youd better change your wet skirt, hadnt you? Hed like to join our discussion, wouldnt he? She ought to see a doctor at once, shouldnt she? / oughtnt she? I wish to say a few words, may I? Thats nice, isnt it? This is the place, isnt it? Everybody knows the answer, dont they? Nothing is serious, isnt it? There wasnt enough time at that moment, was there? There used to a tower here, usednt there? / didnt there? What you need is more practice, isnt it? 2.某些特殊句型的反意疑问句： 1)祈使句的反意疑问句： 表示肯定意义的祈使句，即表示“请求，提示”它的反意疑问句用will you 表达：有时也可以用wont you 表示。 Go home now, will you? Close the window, please, will you? 否定祈使句：以Dont开始的祈使句：表示“不要”，用will you 提问： Dont be late again, will you? Dont forget to pay your income tax, will you? Lets引导的祈使句表示“建议”，反意疑问句部分是：shall we ? Lets go for a walk, shall we? Lets have a rest now, shall we? Let me 或 Let us引导的祈使句表示“请求”，反意疑问句部分为will you： Let me have a try, will you? Let us help, will you? 2) 感叹句的反意疑问句：一律用否定式提问。 What a clever boy, isnt he? What a lovely day, isnt it? 3) 陈述句含有情态动词must有两种情况： must表示“必须”，反意疑问句部分为mustnt? / neednt? He must study hard at English, mustnt he? / neednt he? You must go home now, neednt you? / mustnt you? We mustnt be late, must we? Must表示推测：“一定，肯定” 反意疑问句部分与must后面的动词呼应 You must be joking, arent you? He must be ill, isnt he ? 注意：用must对过去的动作推测时，反意疑问句部分的助动词用did或have, 而对过去的状态推测，反意疑问句部分的be动词用was: She must have finished her work, hasnt she? / didnt she? Jack must have arrived here yesterday, didnt he? He must have been a policeman, wasnt he? 4) 陈述句中有否定副词：hardly; never; seldom; little; few; nowhere; nothing等词，反意疑问句部分用肯定提问： Frank hardly goes to parties, does he? He has few friends, has he? 5)复合句的反意疑问句：大多数复合句的反意疑问句都对主句提问： He was punished because he violated the regulation, wasnt he? You never told me that you had been ill, did you? 注意：I dont think/suppose/believe/imagine 引导的宾语从句，这种宾语从句的反意疑问句应与从句的主语，谓语部分一致，而且用肯定式的提问。 I dont suppose anyone will volunteer, will they? I dont believe she has done it, has she? I think he will come. Wont he?