第二讲句子.doc

第二讲 句子
Sentences
【考点概况】

英语常用的句型结构
1、 S + vi
2、 S + link verb + predicative
3、 S + vt +o
4、 S + vt + o (间接) + o (直接)
5、 S +vt+ o + o c
6、 There be + s + …

简单句的五个基本句型

种类
句型
主语
S.
谓语部分
谓语动词V.
表语P.
宾语O.
宾语补足语OC.
第1种
S +V
I
work.(不及物)

第2种
S+V+O
He
plays(及物)

Football.

第3种
S+V+P
They
are(系动词)
teachers.

第4种
S+V+Ino(间接宾语)+Do(直接宾语)
She
gave(及物)

me a book.

第5种
S+V+O+C
He
made(及物)

the girl
laugh.
第6种
There be+S
There are twenty-four hours in a day.

【名师点拨】
What is a sentence?
A simple sentence is a group of words expressing a complete thought, and it must have a subject and a verb (predicate) A verb shows action or state of being.
例如：（1） The bell rang. The boy is here. The subject tells who or what about the verb.
（2） The bell rang. The boy is here.
A verb shows the action or state of being (动作或状态）
The subject tells us who or what produces the action or the state of being.
When finding the subject and the verb in a sentence, always find the verb first and then say who or what followed by the verb.
例如： The bell rang. Find the verb - rang. Now say who or what rang? The bell rang. Bell is the subject.

谓语动词
句式结构
例句
Be 系动词
S + be + predictive
He has realized his own mistake.

Verbs of action or real meaning 实义动词
S + verb

The teacher is in the office.

句式结构
例句1
例句2
Be 系动词+介词
We are all in favor of his idea.
I come from a big city.

Verbs of action or real meaning 实义动词
We all support his idea.

I am from a big city.

在句子中也会经常用到一些连词，如：并列连词 and, but, so, or…从属连词 if, while…
不同的句型可以表达相同的意思
例如：她英语说得非常好。
（1）She speaks English very well.
（2）She speaks very good English.
（3）Her English is wonderful/great!
（4）She speaks English wonderfully
Verb
句式结构
例句
Vt. 及物动词
S +vi.
S+ vi. Adv.
S +vi. + o +adv.
The fire took place last night.
She speaks well.
Vi. 不及物动词

S +vt. +o
S +vi. + o +adv.
S+ vt.+ o +o
S +vt.+ o oc
We all support his idea.
I bought him a book.
He often makes me worried.
He often makes me happy.
My father doesn’t allow me to smoke.

对比思考：
I gave him a pen. Vs I gave a pen to him.