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裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记 第三十三课 单词学习
老猴子咬菜根学习交流
darkness n (u) 黑暗,漆黑
反义词:brightness
eg. The house was in complete darkness. 房子一团漆黑。
dark
1) adj. 黑暗的 (light)
a dark street 黑暗的街道
a dark night 黑漆漆的晚上
2) 深色的,暗色的
dark suit 深色的西服 dark hair 深色的头发
3) 阴暗的,忧郁的
dark expression 忧郁的表情
4) 不吉利的
a dark sheep in his family 害群之马
sheep not horse 一直以来黑羊是不受欢迎的,因为黑羊的毛买不了好价钱,一个家族中黑色的羊指不受欢迎的人,害群之马的意思
a dark horse 黑马(在竞赛中实力不明但被认为可能获胜的人)
adj. + ness (名词后缀) → n.
dark → darkness
bright → brightness
careful → carefulness
careless → carelessness
good → goodness
bad → badness
explain [iks'plein] v. 解释,叙述,辩解,辩护,成为…的理由
explain sth. to sb. 对某人解释某事
explain + that/wh 从句
eg. Could you explain that question once again? 你能再次解释一下那个问题吗?
eg. The manager explained to the customer why the goods were late.
经理对顾客解释货物晚到的原因。
eg. A week later, the girl was able to explain what had happened.
一周以后,那姑娘才能解释到底发生了什么事。
eg. He was late. He explained that the bus had broken down.
他迟到了。他解释说是公共汽车抛锚了。
eg. How do you explain your rude behavior? 你怎样为你粗鲁的行为辩解?
eg. That explains her sudden anger. 那就是她突然生气的原因。
/That explains why she got angry all of a sudden.
explain oneself 为自己的行为立场辩解
explanation [,eksplə'neiʃən] n. [U] 解释 [C] 解释的语言,事实,情况
eg. He resigned without explanation . 他没有解释就辞职了。
eg. Do you have any explanation for your being later? 你迟到有解释吗?
coast [kəust] n. 海岸,海滨(临近海或洋的较宽阔或狭长的地域)
eg. We live on the coast. 我们住在海滨。
shore 湖或海的边缘或水边的狭长陆地,比coast范围小。 海岸,海滩
eg. She swam to the shore. 她游到岸边。
beach: shore 的倾斜部分,往往在涨潮时被漫过的
bank 河岸(江河,溪流的)
Tongue twister
She sells seashells at the seashore. And the shells she sells are seashells. I’m sure. Because if she sells shells at the seashore, the shells she sells are seashells, for sure.
storm
1) n. 风暴,暴风雪(常用构成复合词)
a rainstorm 暴风雨
a snowstorm 暴雪
a dust storm 尘暴
a sandstorm 沙暴
a thunderstorm 大雷雨
brainstorm 头脑风暴,群策群力
eg. After a storm comes a calm. (谚)雨过天晴,否极泰来。
2) n.(喝彩、责难等的)嘈杂声,(枪弹的)纷飞,(感情的)激动
a storm of applause [ə'plɔ:z] 暴雨般的鼓掌喝彩声
3) be caught in a storm 遭遇暴风雨
be baught in the rain 淋雨
a storm in a teacup 小事惹起的轩然大波。小题大做,大惊小怪
4) wind 风
breeze [bri:z] 微风
tornado [tɔ:'neidəu] 龙卷风
cyclone ['saɪ,kləʊn] 暴风,旋风
gust [ɡʌst] 阵风
gale [ɡeil] 强风
hurricane ['hʌrikən] 飓风
typhoon [tai'fu:n] 台风
storm 风暴
rock
1) n. 岩石
The house is built on a rock. 房子建在岩石上面。
climb up a rock 爬上岩石
2) pl. rocks 暗礁
run up on the rocks 触礁
3) rock (candy) 冰糖 (美)
(sugar) candy 冰糖(英)
4) v. 摇动,震动,晃动
rock a baby to sleep 晃动婴儿睡觉
/rock a baby asleep
eg. Our boat rocked to and fro on the waves. 我们的船随波摆来摆去。
eg. Rock your body, every body. 大家一起,摇动身体。
后街男孩(Backstreet Boys)《Everybody》
5) 使(某人)震惊
eg. The news of the president’s death rocked the company.
总裁的去世震惊了整个公司。
rock the boat 兴风作浪
rock’n’roll [rəul] 摇滚乐
light
1) n. 光线,光亮
the light of the sun 阳光
the light of a lamp 灯光
the light of the fire 火光
2) n. 光源,尤指电灯
turn on the light 打开灯
turn off the light 关掉灯
eg. From the TV tower, we can see the lights of Beijing.
从电视塔上,我们可以看到北京的万家灯火。
eg. Keep going ; the lights are green. 继续开吧,是绿灯。
eg. A sea of lights and a river of cars, have you noticed the beautiful night-scenes in Beijing? 灯的海洋、车的河流,你注意到北京的夜景有多美吗?
3) 火柴、打火机等的火
eg. Can you give me a light? 能借个火吗?
put a light to sth. 点火
according to one’s lights 根据自己的判断能力
bring sth to light 揭露
eg. His past was brought to light. 他的过去被公之于众。
in (the) light of 鉴于
ahead [ə'hed]
1) adj./adv. (空间性的)在前面,向前
反义词:behind
eg. He passed me and ran ahead. 他经过我身边,又向前跑了。
eg. The tree ahead was in the way. 前面的树挡了道。
eg. She saw a light ahead. 她看到前面有灯光。
eg. ------May I use your dictionary? 我可以借用一下你的词典吗?
------ Go ahead. 请用吧。
2)(时间性的)预先,事先
think ahead 事先考虑
plan ahead 事先计划
eg. Try to look ahead to the future. 努力事先计划将来。
eg. Our team is ahead by three runs. 我们队领先三分。
a- 表语行容词
asleep 睡着的 alike 相似的 alone 独自的 alive 活着的ahead 前面的
cliff [klif] n.悬崖,峭壁,绝壁 (pl. cliffs)
stand on the edge of a cliff 站在悬崖边上
precipice ['presəpɪs] n. 绝壁,断崖
stand on the edge of a precipice 濒临危机
eg. The country’s economy was on the edge of a precipice.
该国经济处于崩溃的边缘。
struggle ['strʌɡl]
1) v. 斗争
struggle with sb./fight with sb. 和…打斗
eg. The landlord struggled with the thief. 店主和小偷扭打在一起。
struggle for sth. 为…斗争,努力
struggle against sth. 反对…而斗争
fight for freedom/ struggle for freedom 为自由而战
eg. The people are struggling for freedom. 人民正在为自由而斗争。
eg. Chinese people struggled against Japanese for eight years.
中国人民同日本侵略者斗争了八年。
2) v. 挣扎,艰难地前进 make one’s way with difficulty
eg. She struggled up the cliff. 她艰难地爬上悬崖。
eg. The chick finally broke through the shell and struggled out.
小鸡终于冲破蛋壳,挣扎出来了。
3) n. 挣扎,手脚乱动,奋斗
eg. Don’t give up without a struggle. 不要没有努力就放弃。
hospital n. 医院
an emergency [i'mə:dʒənsi] hospital 急诊医院
go into (the) hospital 住院
/be in (the) hospital
leave (the) hospital 出院
住院、出院在美国英语要加the,在英国英语中则通常不加the
hospitality [,hɔspi'tæliti] n. (u) 殷勤招待,厚待
give hospitality to a person
/show hospitality to a person 款待(某人)
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