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Unit 3 Computers
语言要点
单元要点预览
词汇
部分
词语
辨析
1. personal / private / individual
2. after all/above all/at all/in all
3. deal with/do with
词形
变化
1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险
exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险
exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的
2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界
universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的;宇宙的
3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现
appearance n. 出现; 显现; 呈现 外表; 外貌; 外观
重点
单词
1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和
2. advantage n.优点;优势;有利条件
3. goal n. 球门;进球得的分;目标
4. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号 v. 发信号; 用信号传达; 用信号与……通讯
5. arise vi.(arose, arisen)出现; 发生
重点
词组
1. in common 共同的;共有的;共用的
2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说
3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看
4. make up 化妆;化装;捏造,虚构(故事,诗等)
重点句子
1. By the1940s工had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow larger!
2. However,this reality also worried my designers
重点语法
现在完成时的被动语态 (见语法部分)
Ⅰ 词语辨析
1. personal / private / individual
【解释】
personal 指属于或关于某人或某些特定的人,以区别于其他人。
private 指属于私人所有或具有私营性质,以区别于集体或公共的,
有时含不公开的意味。
individual 与集体的相对,指个别或个体的。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Will you do it for me as a ________ favour?
2). If you go to a _________ hospital, you must pay.
3). We traveled together, but each _________ bought his own ticket.
Keys: 1). personal 2). private 3). individual
2. after all/above all/at all/in all
【解释】
after all意为“毕竟”“尽管”“到底”“究竟”;
above all 意为“最重要的是”“尤其是”;
at all一般用在否定句中,用以加强否定语气。at all用在疑问句、条件句中,
起强调作用,意为“真的”“确实”“竟然”等。另外,not at all用来表示
“不用谢”;
in all表示“总共”“总计”。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). So you see,I was right ________.
2). ________,he wanted to succeed.
3). It will do you no harm ___________.
4). We visited, _______, 20 universities in the US.
Keys: 1). after all 2). Above all 3). at all 4). in all
3.deal with/do with
【解释】
deal with和do with二者可译为“处理”,但在特殊疑问句中, do with与what配合使用,而deal with与how配合使用。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). How would you _________ an armed burglar?
2). What have you __________ my umbrella?
Keys: 1). deal with 2). done with
Ⅱ 词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料)
1.explore vt. & vi. 勘探; 探测; 探险
exploration n. 勘探; 探测; 探险
exploratory adj. 勘探的; 探测的; 探索的
2. universe n. 宇宙; 世界
universal adj. 全体的; 共同的;普遍的;宇宙的
3. appear v. 出现; 显现; 呈现
appearance n. 出现; 显现; 呈现 外表; 外貌; 外观
Ⅲ 重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料)
1. sum n. 金额; 款项; 总数; 总和
[典例]
1). He was fined the sum of 200. 他被处以200英镑罚金。
2). The sum of 5 and 3 is 8. 5加3的和是8。
[重点用法]
in sum简言之; 总而言之
sum sb/sth up形成对某人[某事物]的看法
2. advantage n.优点;优势;有利条件
[典例]
1). He has the advantage of a steady job. 他有工作稳定的有利条件。
2). They took full advantage of the hotel's facilities. 他们充分利用旅馆的设备。
[重点用法]
take advantage of 对……加以利用;欺骗
to sb.’s advantage 对某人有利
have /get/win an advantage over (of)胜过;优于
3. goal n. 球门;进球得的分;目标
[典例]
1). He headed the ball into an open goal. 他乘虚把球顶入球门
2). We won by three goals to one 以三比一获胜。
3). You’d better set a goal before you start. 开始前最好设定一个目标。
[重点用法]
score/kick a goal 得[踢进一球得]一分
keep goal守球门
life goal/ one’s goal in life生活目标
achieve / realize one’s goal实现目标
5. signal n. 信号, 手势, 声音, 暗号
v. 发信号; 用信号传达;用信号与……通讯
[典例]
1). A red light is usually a signal for/of danger. 红灯通常是危险的信号。
2). He signaled (to) the waiter to bring the menu. 他示意要服务员把菜单拿来。
[重点用法]
signal to sb/sth for sth 用信号传达(某信息); 用信号与(某人)通讯
signal with…用……发信号
5. arise vi.(arose, arisen)出现; 发生
[典例]
1). A new difficulty has arisen.出现了新的困难。
2). Accidents arise from carelessness.疏忽大意往往会引起事故的发生。
[重点用法]
arise from /out of由……引起;由……产生
[练习] 中译英
1). 夜间起风暴了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 由于缺乏交流而产生了问题。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys: 1). A storm arose during the night.
2). Problems have arisen out of the lack of communication
Ⅳ 重点词组
1. in common 共同的;共有的;共用的
[典例]
I have nothing in common with Jane. 我和简毫无共同之处。
[短语归纳]
have nothing in common 无共同之处
have little in common 几乎无共同之处
have something in common 有一些共同之处
have a lot in common 有许多共同之处
2. in a/one way 在某种程度上, 从某种意义上说
[典例]
1). In a way, his English has improved. 从某种程度上来说, 他的英语有进步。。
[短语归纳]
in the way 造成阻碍 on the/one’s way (to) 在(去…)的路上
by the way 顺便提一下 in no way 决不
all the way 自始自终;完全地 in this way 用这种方法
与in a way同义的词组有in one way 和in some ways。
3. watch over 看守; 监视; 照看
[典例]
1). Could you watch (over) my clothes while I have a swim? 我游泳时你看着我的衣物行吗?
2). He felt that God was watching over him. 他感觉到上帝保佑着他.
[短语归纳]
watch out (for) 当心; 注意 watch for sb./sth. 观察等待
keep a watch on 监视 under the close watch 在严密的监视下
4. make up 化妆,化装;捏造,虚构(故事,诗等);弥补
[短语归纳]
make up for补偿 be made up of = consist of由……组成
make for有利于……,有助于……;走向;冲向
make it及时赶到,办成功 make it up和解;讲和
make known使知晓;传达 make out理解;懂得;辨认出
Ⅴ 重点句子
1. By the1940s I had grown as large as a room, and I wondered if I would grow
any larger!
到20世纪40年代,我已经长到一个大房间那么大,我不知道我会不会继续长大。
[解释] 1). as large as...“有……大”,后面常加数词.例如:
This playground is as large as 500squaremeters.
这个操场有500平方米那么大。
2). I wondered if..“我不知道(奇怪)是否……”,是一个常见句式,常用于口语,表示一种委婉或客气的语气。例如:
I wondered if you would mind giving me a hand.
[练习] 中译英
1). 我也不知道他们能不能准时到。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 那个男子的体重比他重一倍。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). I wonder whether they will arrive on time.
2). That man is twice as heavy as him.
2. However,this reality also worried my designers.可是这个现实也困扰着我的设计者们。
[解释] however adv.尽管;尽管如此,可是;仍然。表示转折;可放在句首、句中或句尾,但用逗号隔开。例如:
I meant to go abroad last year. However, I changed my mind later.
我本打算去年出国,但是后来改变了主意。
[练习] 中译英
1). 她仍然在等,尽管没有任何回音。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2). 他说事情就是那样,不过他错了。
_____________________________________________________________________________________
Keys:
1). She waited, however, for no answer.
2). He said it was so, he was mistaken, however.
3课文佳句背诵与仿写
1. 【课本原句】As time went by, I was made smaller. First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop, I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.随着时间的推移,我被弄得越来越小。自二十世纪七十年代以来,我一直被用在办公室和家庭里,先是用作个人电脑,后来又做成便携式。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: first…+ then…+ later….
【模仿1】毕业以后,他先是做一名工人,接着做了一个商店的经理,后来
做了一个工厂的老板。
答案:After graduation, he first worked as a worker, then as a manager
of a store and later as a boss of a factory.
2.【课本原句】I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile
phones as well as help with medical operations.我还被放在机器人里面,
被用来制作移动手机,并且用来帮助作医疗手术。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: as well as
【模仿】随着经济的快速发展,越来越多的家长能够负担得起培训课,
从中他们的孩子既可以获得一些技能也可以丰富他们的生活。
答案: With the rapid development of economy, more and more parents are
able to afford training classes, in which their children can acquire some
skills as well as enrich their life.
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