词根词缀手册.doc

来源： 博彩通

a- =of,on; form,away from,off; out,extremely
a- = not,without
ab- =form,away from,off
abio =abiosis(无生命,无机)
-ability (~~n,抽象名词) 可...性
-able (~~adj) 可…的
-ably (~~adv) 可...地
abs- =from eg. abstain tain=keep
ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
-ac 有…...关系
acanth = spinose (有刺的)
-ace (~~n,抽象名词)
-aceous (~~adj)
acid,acr =sour(酸的),sharp(锐利的)
-acious (~~n,抽象名词)
-acious (~~adj)
-acity (~~n,抽象名词) 性质等
-acle (~~n,抽象名词) 构成名词
acousto =sound(声音)
acro = high(高)
act =to act(行动)
acuti = acuate(尖的，尖锐的)
-acy (~~n,抽象名词) 性质等
ad-,ac-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
-ade (~~n,抽象名词)
aer(o),ar,aro=air(空气)
af-,ac-,ad-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
Afro-表“非洲的, 非洲以及....的”之义
ag-,ac-,ad-,af-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
ag =act
-age, (~~n,抽象名词) 费用,状态,行为,身份,总称
agog(ue) =to lead(领导)
agr(o) =farm(农)
-aholic,-oholic (~~人) 嗜好…者
ail,alter,altru,ulter =other(其他的,变更)
-ain (~~人)
-aire (~~人)
al- =all
al-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
al,ol,ul =to nourish(滋养)
-al (~~人) "具有…职务的人"
-al (~~n,抽象名词) 行为,人,物 加于动词后
-al (~~adj)
-ality (~~n,抽象名词) 性
allo = difference(分歧,不同)
-ally (~~adv) 方式，程度等
alt =high(高的)
alter,ail,altru,ulter =other(其他的) 变更
altru,alter,ail,ulter =other(其他的) 变更
am(i[c]), =to love(爱)
amb =round
ambi- =on both sides,about,around
ambul =walk(行走)
amido =amido(氨基)
amphi(c)-=both sides
ampl=large(巨大)
amylo- 表”淀粉”(amylum)之义
an- =negative(否定) = not,without
an-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ap-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
-an (~~人) …地方的人,精通…的人
-an (~~adj)
-an (~~adv) 属于...的
ana- =upon,on,up,apart
-ance (~~n,抽象名词) 情况等
-ancy (~~n,抽象名词) 情况等
ancylo =attend(参加)
andro =mankind or masculine(男性或阳性)
-aneity (~~n,抽象名词) 性质等
anemo- =wind(风)
-aneous (~~adj)
ang =to strangle(勒死；窒息)
angio- =vessel(脉管), skin(包被)
angl,angul =angle(角)
Anglo- =Britain(英国)
angul,angl =angle(角)
anim =breath(气息),mind(心) eg. Unanimous 一致同意的
ann,en(ni) =year(年)
ant(i)- =against,opposite to(与pro-相反)
-ant (~~人)
-ant (~~n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称
-ant (~~adj)
ante- =before(与post-相反)
antho- =flower(花)
anthrop(o) =man(人类)
ap-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,ar-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
apo- =away
apt =fit(适当的)
aqua, aque=water(水)
aque, aqua=water(水)
ar-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,as-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
ar,aer,aro =air(空气)
-ar (~~人)
-ar (~~n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称
-ar (~~adj)
arch =chief, leader,ruler(统治者)
arch(a)eo- 表示“古老的, 原始的”之义
ard=heat(热)
-ard (~~人) （贬义）
-arian (~~adj) 兼名词 (n,a)
-arily (~~adv)
-arium (~~n,抽象名词) 场所
arm =weapons(武器)
aro,ar,aer =air(空气)
art =skill(技巧)，art（技术）
-art (~~人) "做……的人
arthro = joint(结合) eg. arthritis n. 关节炎
-arian (~~人) …派别的人
-ary (~~人) "从事……的人"
-ary (~~n,抽象名词) 场所,物
-ary (~~adj)
as-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,at- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
-asm (~~n,抽象名词) 性质
-ast (~~人)
aster, astro=star(星)
-aster (~~人) (谦称)
astro, aster =star(星)
at-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al-,an-,ap-,ar-,as- =in,at,to,加强意义
(加与d,h,j,m,v前时后加d；加于c,k,q前时后加c;
加于f,g,l,n,p,r,s,t前时双写该字母,ad后不一定接d)
-ate (~~人)
-ate (~~n,抽象名词) 职位,职权,化学名词
-ate (~~adj)
-ate (~~v.) 成为……处理,作用 其名词形式为ation
-atic (~~adj)
-atie (~~adj)
-ation (~~n,抽象名词) 行为，情况
-ative (~~adj) 与...有关的
atom =air or steam(空气, 蒸汽)
-ator (~~人) "做……的人"
-atory (~~n,抽象名词) 场所, 地点
-atory (~~adj)
auct,aug =to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)
aud(io) =sound(声)
aug,auct =to increase(增强),to make,to grow(使产生，使增大)
aur=hear(耳)
auri =gold(金)
aut(o) =self(自我)
aux =to assist (辅助)
avi =bird(鸟)
az(o)- =azote(氮)
bacterio =bacterium(细菌)
band,bond =to beat(捆绑)
bar =bar(横木)
baro =heavy(重),press(压)
bat=to beat(打)
bat,bas =to,go(走)
bas,bat =to,go(走)
baso=base(基础, 底部)
be- =to make,upon,by,to cover with(加以..; 用...)
bell =war(战争)
bene- =well,good(与male相反)
benzo=benzene(苯)
bi(n)- =double,two (bi在元音之前加n)
biblio =book(书)
-bility, (~~n,抽象名词) 动作,性质,状态
bio =life(生命)
blanc =white(白色)
blasto =embryo(芽, 胚胎)
-ble (~~adj) 表示"倍数"的含义
brachio =arm(臂)
brachy =short(短)
brew,brev,bri =short(短的)
brev,brew,bri =short(短的)
bri,brev,brew =short(短的)
brig =hit(打，战斗)
broncho =windpipe(气管)
bond,band =to beat(捆绑)
by- =aside,beside,informal(非正式)
caco- =badness(恶)
cad,cas,cid,=to fall(落下，降临)
caeco =caecum(盲肠)
caeno =common(普通, 共同)
caino- =new(新), newly(最近)
calc(i) =calcium(钙) eg. Calcut
calli- =comeliness(美丽)
calor =heat(热)
camp =field(田野)
cand =white(白色),bright(光亮的)
cant,cent,chant =to sing,(唱歌)
cap =heap(头)
cap(t),ceive,cept,cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得)
car =car(车),to run(跑)
carb(o)=carbon(碳)
card =paper(纸)
cardi(o) =heart(心)
carn =flesh(肉)
carpo- =fruit(果实)
caryo-, karyo- =karyon(细胞核)
cas,cad,cid,=to fall(落下)
cast =to throw(投掷)
cata, cath, kata =under(下面),against(对)
cate- =down,downwards,fully
cath, cata=under(下面),against(对)
cauli-, caulo- =caudex(茎)
caulo-, cauli- =caudex(茎)

cav =hollow(中空的)
-ce, (~~n,抽象名词) 行为,性质,状态
ceal,veal =to hide(隐藏)
ce(e)d,cap(t),ced(e),cess =to go(去)，to yield(让步)
ced(e),cap(t),ce(e)d,cess =to go(去)，to yield(让步)
ced(e),ce(e)d,cap(t),cess =to go(去)，to yield(让步)
ceive,cept, cap(t),cip(ate) =to take(取) to catch(获得)
celer =swift(快速)
celio- =abdomen(腹部)
cellul- =cellular(细胞的)
celo-, coel =cavity(内腔)
cent,cant,chant =to sing,(唱歌)
ceno-, coeno- = common(普通, 共同)
cent =hundred(百)
centi- =one percent (百分之一,厘)
centr-=central(中心)
cephal- =head(头)
cept, cap(t),ceive, cip(ate) =to take(取);to catch(获得)
cern,crel =to separate(分离,区别)
cer(c)- =cauda(尾), caudate(有尾的)
cerebell- =cerebellar(小脑的)
cerebr- =cerebral(大脑的)
cero- =cere(蜡)
cert =sure(确定)
cervi- =deer(鹿), corvine(鹿的)
cervic- =neck(颈部)
cess,cap(t),ced(e),ceed =to go(去)，to yield(让步)
cet- =whale(鲸)
chaeto- =thorn(刺),bristle(刚毛)
chalco- =copper(铜), bronze(青铜)
chant,cant,cent =to sing,(唱歌)
cheiro- =bronze(手)
cheli- =pincers(螯)
chem- =chemistry(化学)
chil- =lip(唇)
Chino =China(中国)
Chiro =hand(手)
chlor =green or chlorine(绿, 氯)
chol =gallbladder(胆)
chondrio =cartilage(软骨)
chord, cord =cord(绳索,束缚)
chori =chorion(绒毛膜)
Christo =Christ(基督)
chrom =color(颜色)
chromat =colour or coloration(颜色, 染色)
chromo =colour(颜色)
chron =time(时间)
chrys- =gold(金), golden(金色)
-cian (~~人) ...学家
cid,cad,cas=to fall(落下)
cide,cis =to cut(切)
cine- =movie(电影)
cip(ate),cap,capt,cept=to take(取) to catch(获得)
circ(l),cyc =ring(圆,环)
circu(m)- =around,round,about
cirr- =cirri(触毛)
cis,cide =to cut(切)
cis-, citra- =on this side
cite =to call(呼叫),to urge(驱策)
citra-, cis- =on this side
-city (~~n,抽象名词) 性质
clado =sprout or branch(芽或枝)
cla(i)m =to cry(大叫)
clar =clear(清楚)
-cle (~~n,含”小”意) 表示个体、个别
cleido-, cleisto- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)
cleisto-, cleido- =lockup(锁住, 闭住)
climat- = climate(气候)
clin,cliv =to bend(弯曲,倾斜)
cliv,clin =to bend(弯曲,倾斜)
clos,clud,clus =to shut(关闭)
clud,clos,clus =to shut(关闭)
clus,clos,clud =to shut(关闭)
co,com,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地)
(接r,l时双写r,l)
coct =to cook(煮；烹调)
coel, celo- =cavity(内腔)
coeno-, ceno- = common(普通，共同)
cogn(is), gnos =to konw(知道)
col,cult =to till(耕种)
col,co,com,con,cop,cor-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地)
(接r,l时双写r,l)
colo- =colon(结肠)
con,co,com,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地)
(接r,l时双写r,l)
com,co,con,cop,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地)
(接r,l时双写r,l)
compu =computer (电脑)
commun =common(共同的)
concho =conch(贝壳)
contro,counter =against,contra(相反地)
cop,co,com,con,cor,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地)
(接r,l时双写r,l)
copro =dung(粪)
cor,co,com,con,cop,col-=together(一起,相互),with,wholly(完全地)
(接r,l时双写r,l)
coralli- =coral(珊瑚)
cord,chord =cord(绳索,束缚)
corp(or) =boby(身体),group(团体)
cortico- =skin(皮)
cosmo =order(秩序), regularity(调和)
cosm(o) =universe(宇宙)
costo- =ribbing(肋骨), nervure(翅脉)
count =to count(计算)
counter-,contro- =against,contra(相反地)
cour(s),cur(r) =to run(流，跑)
cover =to cover(掩盖)
crac(y), (~~n,抽象名词) "统治,支配"
-craft, (~~n,抽象名词) "工艺,技巧"
cranio- =skull(颅骨)
-crat (~~人) "某种政体,主义的参加者、支持者"
cre(s),creas =to make(制造),to grow(生长)
creas,cre(s)=to make(制造),to grow(生长)
cre(e)d =to believe(相信)
crel,cern =to separate(分离,区别)
crim =accnsation(控诉),crime(罪行)
crimin =space
crit =to judge(判断)
cross- =across,join
cruc =cross(十字；交叉)
crusta =shell (壳)
cryo kryo=cold(冷、冻)
crypt =hidden (隐藏)
crystall =crystal(结晶)
cub =lie(躺、卧)
-cule (~~n,含”小”意)
cul=cultivate(培养)
culp =blame(过失),guilt(罪过)
cult,col=to till(耕、种)
cumb =to lie down(横躺)
cupr =cuprum(铜)
cur(r),cour(s) =to run(流，跑)
cure =to take care(注意，留心)
curvi- =bend(弯曲)
cuss =to strike(打击),to shake(摇动)
-cy, (~~n,抽象名词) "性质,状态,职位,级别,场所"
cyano- =blue(蓝色), navy blue(深蓝色)
cyber- =computer(计算机)
cyc,circ(l), =ring(圆,环)
cyclo = circularity(圆、圆周)
cymo-,kymo- =wave(波)
cyst- =vesicle(囊, 胞)
de- =down(下),downward(向下) (与in相反)
de- =apart,from
de-=negative(否定) 除去,向下,降低, 使成...，加强意义
deb,du =to owe(负债)
dec(a), deka =ten(十), ten times(十倍)
deci- =tenth(十分之一)
dei =god(神)
dem(o) =people(民众)
demono- =demon(魔鬼)
demi- =half
dendr- =tree(树木)
dent =tooth(牙齿)
derm(a[t])=skin(皮肤)
dex- =right (右，右手，机灵)
di =day(日)
di- =double,twice
dia- =through,between,across
~dica~ =to proclaim(宣称), point out指出
dic(t),dit =to say(说)
dif- =not,against,apart 用在f前
dign =worthy(有价值的)
dipl- =pair(一对), couple(一双)
dis- =not,against,apart,make to
(有时接以s开头词时要省一个s,如distinct)
dit =give(给)
divid,divis =to divide(分割)
divis,divid =to divide(分割)
doc(t) =to teach(教导)
dogma,dox =opinion(意见)
dom =to tame(驯服),to rule(统治)
dom =dome(圆顶),house(房屋)
-dom, (~~n,抽象名词) "等级,领域,状态"
don,dot,dow =to give(给予)
dorm =to sleep(睡眠)
dot,don,dow =to give(给予)
d(o)ud,duo- =two,double
dox,dogma =opinion(意见)
dow,dot,don =to give(给予)
draw =to draw(拉，引)
drom =to run(跑),course(过程)
du =tow(拖)
du,deb =to owe(负债)
duc(t) =to lead(领导,导致)
duo,d(o)ud- =two,double
dur =to last(持续)
dur =to last(持续)
dyn(am) =power(力量)
dys- =not good,not easy(不良，恶)
e- =out, 加强或引申意义
-ean (~~人)
ec- “ex-”之变体,表示“出，出的”之义
ecclesio =ecclesia(教堂, 教会)
echin =echinate(有刺的, 有棘皮的)
eco =ecological(生态、生态学的)
eco =house(家)
ecto =outside(外面)
-ectomy =cuttling
-ecue (~~n)
ed =eat
-ed (~~adj)
-ee, (~~人) "动作承受者"
-eel (~~adj)
-eer (~~人) "从事于…的人"
ef- =out,away from 用在f前
ego =I(我),self(自己)
eka- =similar(类),to-be(准)
-el, (~~n,含”小”意)
electr(o) =electric(电的)
em- =in 用在b,m,p前
em- =to pair (配以..)用在b,m,p前 em无out 意
em- =make to be..用在b,m,p前
em(pt) =to take(取),to buy(买)
endo =witnin,inside eg. endoscope
emper，imper=order(命令)，rule(统治)
en- =in,into,on,at,near,make to be
en-=not en无out意
en(ni) ,ann年 centennial一世纪的
-en (~~人)
-en, (~~n,含”小”意)
-en (~~adj) 由某种物质形成,制成或生产的含义
-en (~~v.) "使成为,引起,使有", 加于名词、形容词后
-ence, (~~n,抽象名词) "性质,状况,行为,过程,总量,程度"
-ence (~~adv)
encephal =encephalon(脑)
-ency, (~~n,抽象名词) "性质,状态,行为,过程"
endo- =inside(内部)
-ent (~~人)
-ent, (~~n,抽象名词) 物品和物质名称的含义
-ent (~~adj)
endo- =inside
epi- =upon(在...上面),to,besides,among
eph- “向, 反”之义
ept =ability(能力)
equ =epual(相等的) 赤道的,稳定的
-er, (~~人) "从事某职业的人, 某地的人"
-er, (~~n,抽象名词)
-er (~~adj) 表示"比较程度"的含义
-er (~~v.)
erg =energe(能量)
err =to wander(流浪；漂泊), to err(偏离正道,犯错,犯罪)
-ern (~~adj) 表示方向的含义
-ery, (~~n,抽象名词) "行为,状态,习性,场所,学科,技术,物"
es- ex-之变体
-esce (~~v.)
-ese, (~~人)
-ese (~~adj) 国籍,语种,宗教的含义
eso- =inward,within eg. endoscope
-esque (~~adj) "相象,类似"的含义
ess,est =to be(存在)
-ess, (~~人) 女性人称名词
est,ess =to be(存在)
-est (~~adj) "比较程度"的含义
-et, (~~n,含”小”意)
-et (~~n,抽象名词) 小的
-ete, (~~adj)
ethno- =race(种族), peoples(民族)
-etta,-ette (~~n,含”小”意)
-ette,-etta, (~~n,含”小”意)
-ety, (~~n,抽象名词) "性质,状态"
eu- =excellent(优, 善)
-eur, (~~人) …家"
ev =age(年龄,时代)
evit=avoid(避免, 消除)
ex- =out of,fully;former 前任的,以前的;make to be
└------(ex后接以s开头词根时常省去s)
exo- =out
extra- =beyond (以外,超过)
fabl,fabul =to speak(说)
fabul,fabl =to speak(说)
fac =face(面部；正面),forehead(前额);make(制作)
fac(t),fect =to make(做),to do(做；为)
-faction, (~~n,抽象名词) "作成,…化,作用"
-facture, (~~n,抽象名词) "作成,…化,作用"
fall,fals =to deceive(欺骗)
fals,fall =to deceive(欺骗)
fam =to speak(说，论)
fan,phan =appearance(外观；出现)
fare =to go(走)
febri =fever(发烧)
fect,fac(t) =to make(做),to do(做；为)
feder =federal(联盟)
fem =woman(女人)
femto =quadrillionth (千万亿分之一)
fend,fens,fest =to strike(打击)
fens,fend,fest =to strike(打击)
fer =to carry(运；载),to bear(忍耐)
ferr =contain iron (含铁)
ferv =to boil(沸腾)
-ferous (~~adj) bearing(承受)
fess =to speak(说)
fest =festival(节目；祝宴)
fest,fend,fens =to strike(打击)
fibr =fibre(纤维)
fice =make to be(使得…) eg. effcient,proficient,deficiemcy,
sufficiency,benefic
fict,fig =to feign(假装)
fid =to trust(相信)
fig,fict =to feign(假装)
figur =to shape(形成)，figure(形状)
fil =threadlike(线状的),to spin(纺织), threadlike(线状的)
fin(it) =to end(结束),range(范围)
firm =firm(坚固的)
fissi =split(分裂, 裂片)
Fitz =one`s son (...的儿子)
fix =to fasten(缚；固定)
flabelli =fan(扇)
flagr,flam =flame(火焰),to burn(燃烧)
flam,flagr =flame(火焰),to burn(燃烧)
flat =to blow(吹)
flav =yellow(黄色)
flect,flex =to bend(弯曲)
flex,flect =to bend(弯曲) eg. reflex反省
flict =to strike(打击)
flor =flower(花)
flu =to flow(流)
-fold (~~adj) "倍数"
-folk (…人)
foli =leaf(叶子)
for- =away from ,禁止,离去,克制
forc =force(强制)
fore- =before,earlier
form =to form(形成),form(形状)
fort =strong(强壮的)
forth- =towards
found，fund =to pour,base(基础)
fract,frag =to bread(打破)
frag,fract =to bread(打破)
Franco- = Gallo(法国的)
frater =brother(兄弟) eg. fraternal
frig =cold(冷)
-ful (~~n,抽象名词) ...的量
-ful (~~adj) 表示"充分的"含义
-fully (~~adv) 有...性质地
fug =to flee(逃、散)
fund，found =base(基础)
fuse =to pour(倾;倒;流) [fuse]熔化
-fy (~~v.) 表示"使……化, 使成"
galact,lact =milk(乳)
gam =marriage(婚姻)
gangli =ganglion(神经节)
gastr gastric(胃的)
gen(er),gen(i)t =to produce(制造;生产),race(种族)
gen(i)t,gen(er) =to produce(制造;生产),race(种族)
geo- =earth(地球)
ger,gest =to carry(运；载)
Germano =Germanic(德意志的)
geront =oldster(老人)
gest,ger =to carry(运；载)
giga =billion(十亿)
glaci =ice(冰)
glor =beautify(美化)
gnos,cogn(is) =to konw(知道)
glosso, glotto =tongue(舌)