第3课时-Vocabulary.doc

第3课时 Vocabulary
预学目标
1．通过预习，了解单词的后缀。
2．了解如何用-ment，-ness，-ion来构成名词。
预学热身
◆预习课文前，请初步了解本课时的词汇并完成以下练习（英汉互译）。
1. educate vt.______ 2. invention n．____________
3．______ adj.丑陋的 4. ____________ vt.惩罚
5．______n．同意；协议 6．receive education_________________
◆自主探究，请带着下面这个问题阅读教材。
后缀-ment有什么作用？
教材导读
1. Suffixes ‘-ment’, ‘-ness’and ‘-ion’
后缀-ment，-ness和-ion
知识点：后缀 ‘-ment’ ‘-ness’和‘-ion’的用法
[指点迷津] 后缀-ment 一般加在动词末尾，表示与这一动词对应的动作、行为或具体事物。如：measure-measurement测量；尺度， develop-development发展，move-movement动作；活动，improve-improvement改善。
Electric lights are an improvement over candles.电灯与蜡烛相比，是一个进步。
◆后缀-ness加在形容词末尾构成对应的抽象名词。如：hard-hardness坚硬，thick-thickness厚度，effective-effectiveness有效，useful-usefulness有用，cold-coldness寒冷，damp-dampness潮湿，dark-darkness黑暗，bright-brightness明亮。
What caused his illness? 什么引起了他的疾病？
◆后缀-ion也可加在动词末尾构成与动词对应的名词。如：invent- invention发明，organize-organization组织，donate-donation捐赠物。
Daddy, how much did you put in the donation box just now?
爸爸，刚才你往捐款箱里放了多少钱？
[提醒] happy －y＋i＋ness = happiness celebrate－e＋ion = celebration
Invite－e＋ation = invitation
He has received higher______ (educate).
2．They should also be treated with kindness.他们也应该受到仁慈的对待。
知识点：treat在本句中的用法
[指点迷津] treat在本句中意为“对待”，be treated是被动语态，意为“被对待”。
Sparrows were treated as bad birds in the past.过去麻雀被当做坏鸟对待。
Make sure that the patients______ (treat) equally.

热身练习
A．写出下列形容词或动词对应的名词形式。
1. educate ______ 2.advertise______ 3.donate______
4. rich ______ 5.develop______ 6.collect______
7. punish______ 8.sick______ 9.improve______
10. ugly______ 11. organize______ 12. kind______
B．根据首字母或中文提示写出单词。
1. You must i______ your spoken English. I can't understand you.
2. Everybody should be ______（教育）．
3. They came to an______（协议）at last.
4. That dog is______（丑陋）．
5. The poor have no money for medical______（治疗）．
C．选择填空。
( ) 1. Most students can go to college for further ______in our country.
A. education B. information C. invention D. question
( ) 2. I don't like watching TV because there are too many ______on it.
A. advertise B. advertisement
C. advertisements D. advertising
( ) 3. Do you like ______stamps?
A. collect B. collecting C. collection D. collections
( ) 4. China is a ______country at present.
A. develop B. developed
C. developing D. development
( )5. We should not begrudge(嫉妒) our neighbours'______.
A. richness B. kindness C. business D. illness
( ) 6. They used ______a large number of money to the Red Cross every year.
A. donate B. to donate C. donating D. donation
D．翻译句子。
1．我在收音机上听到了一个为希望工程做的广告。
I heard ______ ______for Project Hope ______the radio.
2．我们应该改善贫困地区人们的生活。
We should ______ ______ ______of people in poor areas.
3．全世界有许多人失明。
Many people ______ ______ ______the world.
4．医生明天下午要给这位病人做手术。
The doctor will______ ______ ______on the patient tomorrow afternoon.

参考答案
预学热身
◆1．教育 2．发明物；创意 3．ugly 4．Punish 5．agreement 6．接受教育
◆后缀-ment可以加在动词后构成名词。
教材导读
1. education 2. are treated
热身练习
A．1. education 2. advertisement 3. donation 4. richness 5. development
6. collection 7. punishment 8. sickness 9. improvement 10. ugliness
11. organization 12. kindness
B．1. improve 2.educated 3.agreement 4.ugly 5．treatment
C．1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．B
D．1. an advertisement; on/over 2. improve the lives 3. are blind around
4. do/perform an operation

3