三至六年级知识点.docx

一.名词复数规则
1． 一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books
2． 以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：
bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches
3． 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：
family-families, strawberry-strawberries ,baby-babies
4． 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如： knife-knives
5． 不规则名词复数：
man-men woman-women policeman-policemen
policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children
foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese
this-these that-those is-are it-they
二.动词第三人称单数形式的构成
1.一般直接在词尾加 s， 如：work-works live-lives make-makes
2.以s,x,ch ,sh等结尾的单词加 es , 如： miss-misses fix-fixes
wash-washes teach-teaches watch-watches
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，变y为i加 es , 如： fly-flies
4.以辅音字母加o结尾的单词，加 es 如: go-goes do-does
5.不规则变化 have-has
三.动词的ing形式（现在分词 ）
1.直接在动词后面加-ing ，如：do-doing
2.以不发音的e 结尾的去e 加-ing
come – coming dance - dancing close – closing make – making
ride – riding write – writing take - taking phone - phoning
dance-dancing have – having leave-leaving wake-waking
3.重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing
sit- sitting hop - hopping swim- swimming run - running
cut – cutting put – putting get-getting shop-shopping
begin-beginning forget-forgetting stop-stopping
四.不规则动词过去式
am/is –was are—were have/has—had do/does—did
swim—swam sing—sang sit—sat come—came give—gave run—ran drink—drank become—became begin—began go—went buy—bought catch—caught think—thought teach—taught
put—put cut—cut read—read hurt—hurt let—let
write—wrote ride—rode win—won drive—drove speak—spoke get—got forget—forgot fly—flew know—knew see—saw say—said take—took eat—ate leave—left make—made find—found
五．反义词

here-there good- bad quick-slow first-last far-near stop-begin
hungry -full white-black cool-warm cool-hot sit-stand yes-no
go- come in-out behind-in front of on-under left-right up-down
west-east north-south happy- sad new-old laugh-cry small-big
short- long/tall old-young young-old heavy- light hard-easy much-little many-few cheap-expensive different-same high-low cry-laugh active---quiet far---near strong---thin
六.同义词
bike-bicycle father-dad mother-mum kid-child evening-night glad-happy speak- talk/say see- watch/look hear-listen
love-like hello-hi laugh-smile much-many shop-store
few-little small-little learn- study big -large picture -photo
七.对应词
brother -sister uncle- aunt grandfather-grandmother daughter-son
man-woman mother father girl -boy this -that these- those
here-there morning-evening tomorrow-yesterday
八.同音词
sea -see know- no meat -meet for -four I- eye buy-bye
too-two wear-where sun-son hour-our
九.基数词变序数词口诀
一、二、三，单独记；one→first， two→second， three→third
八少t，eight→eighth九除e， nine→ninth
 遇见ve变f，five→fifth， twelve→twelfth
遇见y变ie；twenty→twentieth， thirty→thirtieth
要是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以twenty one→ twenty first。
十.形容词的比较级：
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine - finer , nice-nicer
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier
④以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，双写最后的字母再加er，
如big--bigger, thin--thinner ,hot–-hotter， sad--sadder，fat—fatter
3．不规则形容词比较级：
good--better, beautiful--more beautiful， expensive--more expensive
十一.疑问词的选择:
what (什么) who (谁)  where (哪里)  whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）
十二. 四大时态
类别
一般现在时
现在进行时时
一般将来时
过去式
标志性单词
1.often
2.usually
3.sometimes
4.always
1.now
2.look
3.listen
1.tomorrow
2. tonight
3.next+…,如:
next month
4.this+…,如:
this evening
5.in+表示将来的时间段
1.yesterday
2.ago
3.last + 时间 比如（last year）
4.in +表示过去的时间 比如（in 1996）
构成
1. I/we/you/they
+动词原形

2.he/she/it/单个人名+动词的第三人称单数

主语+be(am/is /are)+动词ing形式
1. 主语+be(am/is/are) going to +动词原形
2. 主语+will+动词原形

主语+动词的过去式