三至六年级知识点.docx

一.名词复数规则1 一般情况下，直接加-s，如： book-books2 以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如： family-families, strawberry-strawberries ,baby-babies4 以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如： knife-knives 5 不规则名词复数： man-men woman-women policeman-policemenpolicewoman-policewomen mouse-mice child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth goose-geese fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese this-these that-those is-are it-they二.动词第三人称单数形式的构成1.一般直接在词尾加 s， 如：work-works live-lives make-makes 2.以s,x,ch ,sh等结尾的单词加 es , 如： miss-misses fix-fixeswash-washes teach-teaches watch-watches3.以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，变y为i加 es , 如： fly-flies4.以辅音字母加o结尾的单词，加 es 如: go-goes do-does5.不规则变化 have-has三.动词的ing形式（现在分词 ）1.直接在动词后面加-ing ，如：do-doing2.以不发音的e 结尾的去e 加-ing come coming dance - dancing close closing make making ride riding write writing take - taking phone - phoning dance-dancing have having leave-leaving wake-waking 3.重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-ing sit- sitting hop - hopping swim- swimming run - running cut cutting put putting get-getting shop-shopping begin-beginning forget-forgetting stop-stopping四.不规则动词过去式am/is was arewere have/hashad do/doesdid swimswam singsang sitsat comecame givegave runran drinkdrank becomebecame beginbegan gowent buybought catchcaught thinkthought teachtaughtputput cutcut readread hurthurt letlet writewrote riderode winwon drivedrove speakspoke getgot forgetforgot flyflew knowknew seesaw saysaid taketook eatate leaveleft makemade findfound 五反义词here-there good-bad quick-slow first-last far-near stop-beginhungry-full white-black cool-warm cool-hot sit-stand yes-nogo-come in-out behind-in front of on-under left-right up-down west-east north-southhappy- sad new-old laugh-cry small-bigshort-long/tall old-young young-old heavy-light hard-easy much-little many-few cheap-expensive different-same high-low cry-laughactive-quiet far-near strong-thin六.同义词bike-bicycle father-dad mother-mumkid-childevening-night glad-happy speak-talk/say see-watch/look hear-listenlove-like hello-hilaugh-smile much-many shop-storefew-littlesmall-little learn-study big-largepicture-photo七.对应词brother-sisteruncle-aunt grandfather-grandmother daughter-sonman-womanmotherfathergirl-boy this-thatthese-thosehere-there morning-evening tomorrow-yesterday八.同音词sea-seeknow-no meat -meetfor-four I-eyebuy-byetoo-twowear-where sun-sonhour-our九.基数词变序数词口诀 一、二、三，单独记；onefirst，twosecond，threethird八少t，eighteighth九除e，nineninth遇见ve变f，fivefifth，twelvetwelfth遇见y变ie；twentytwentieth，thirtythirtieth要是遇到几十几，只变个位就可以twenty one twenty first。十.形容词的比较级： 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine - finer , nice-nicer 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾，双写最后的字母再加er，如big-bigger, thin-thinner ,hot-hotter， sad-sadder，fatfatter3不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful， expensive-more expensive十一.疑问词的选择:what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why（为什么）when(什么时候）which（哪一个）how old (多大) how many （多少）how much（多少钱）十二. 四大时态类别一般现在时现在进行时时一般将来时过去式标志性单词1.often 2.usually3.sometimes4.always1.now2.look3.listen1.tomorrow2. tonight3.next+,如:next month4.this+,如:this evening5.in+表示将来的时间段1.yesterday2.ago3.last + 时间 比如（last year）4.in +表示过去的时间 比如（in 1996）构成1. I/we/you/they+动词原形2.he/she/it/单个人名+动词的第三人称单数主语+be(am/is /are)+动词ing形式1. 主语+be(am/is/are) going to +动词原形2. 主语+will+动词原形主语+动词的过去式