陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区2021-2022学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题(解析版).docx

高二年级英语试卷（202201）第一局部 听力（共两节，总分值30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂 到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每题1.5分，总分值7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项。 听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Where is the necklace now?A. In the kitchen.B. In the bedroom.C. In the silting room.【答案】B【解析】【原 文】 W: Oh, dear. I cant find my necklace now. I remember I put it in the sitting room.M: It is in the bedroom. You left it here when our daughter called you to the kitchen.L【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】What are the speakers probably doing?A. Seeing a film.B. Enjoying the scenery.C. Commenting on a book.【答案】C【解析】【原文】 M: I particularly enjoyed the description of the scenery. The characters were quite well developed.W: Oh, I feel that way, too. But I think it was a bit long. I was relieved when I finally finished reading it.推理判断题。根据第一段 Journalists arc the professionals（专业人士）that arc responsible for bringing all up-to-date information to readers from every comer of the world. By delivering their voice, many famous journalists have earned worldwide fame.可知新闻工作者是负责向世界各地的读者提供最新信息的专业人士。许多著名的记者 通过发表他们的声音而赢得了世界声誉。结合文章主要介绍四位著名的记者。由此可推知，文章最有可能 出现在报纸的“人物”版面。应选C。BStudents decide to take a job while being in university because of two reasons: on the one hand, they need money; on the other hand, they want to experience something new and they want to see what working means.But is it good to take a job while you are a university student? There are both advantages and disadvantages if we were to answer this question. If we were （o think about the advantages, we could mention the ones I have just discussed. Having a job at an early age helps us gain experience, which will be very useful to our later life. We may become financially independent and dont need to ask our parents for money each time we want to go downtown with our friends, or spend the holiday at the seaside or in the mountains.However, students who take a job might have problems in spending enough time on their study. If they work during the day, they may have to be absent from their classes, and if they work at night they will feel tired the next day. They may choose to stay at home, resting. Whats worse, some students may even get bored with study.Well, this fact happens every now and then, but there are cases when well-prepared students take a part-time job but at the same time they make time for study, too. And they have good results. Their case is a good example to follow among the students who decide to work while being in university. Anyway, we need to keep in mind that study is the most important job for a student.24. The writer believes that some college students work.A. fbr pleasureB. to learn something practicalC. to support their familyD. for further education.25. What are the benefits for college students who take a job according to the passage?A. Prepare them for their future careersMake more friendsB. Win free journeysHave complete independence from their family26. Taking a job may cause students to.A. be absent from their examsreceive punishment from their teachersB. be in conflict with their roommatesI）, lose their interest in their studies27. In the last paragraph, the writer implies that college students.A. can keep a balance between work and studyshould not take a jobC had better take a part-time job during vacationshould learn by doing【答案】24. B 25. A 26. D 27. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要分析了大学生从事兼职的利与弊。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中on the other hand, they want to experience something new and they want to see what working means.（另一方面，他们想体验一些新的东西，他们想知道工作意味着什么）”可知，作者认为一些 大学生工作是为了学习一些实用的东西。应选B项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中 “ Having a job at an early age helps us gain experience, which will be very useful to our later life.（年轻有一份工作可以帮助我们获得经验，这对我们以后的生活非常有用）”可知，大学生找工作的 好处是可以为他们未来的职业生涯做好准备。应选A项。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中 “Whats worse, some students may even get bored with study.（更糟糕的是，些 学生甚至可能对学习感到厌烦）”可知，找工作口能会使学生对学习失去兴趣。应选D项。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中but there are cases when well-prepared students take a part-time job but at the same time they make time for study, too. And they have good results （但也有一些情况是，准备充分的学生在做兼职工 作的同时，也有时间学习。他们取得了很好的结果）”和Anyway, wc need to keep in mind that study is the most importantjob for a student. 论如何，我们需要记住，学习是一个学生最重要的工作）”可知，作者暗示大学 生可以保持工作和学习之间的平衡。应选A项。CChuvina was 56 when she discovered knife throwing in 2007. Shed landed a simple job in the coat check section of the local pool. One day, two young people came by to discuss the possibility of opening a knife throwing club there.It was the first time that Chuvina had heard of knife throwing, so she decided to have a try and signed up for training. Just a month and a half into her training, she learned that her hometown would soon host a knife throwing competition. She signed up and shocked the audience by winning first place.Her victory inspired many people, but there were also those who simply called it beginners luck. Chuvina silenced the latter at the 2007 National Knife Throwing Championship in Moscow, where she beat the best knife throwers in the countiy Her very first prize had been a brand-new meat-grinder, but for her win at the nationals, she received a mobile phone and an air mattress. This greatly motivated her to participate in more competitions.In 2008, Chuvina competed in the World Knife Throwing Championship in Kaliningrad, against 36 of the worlds best knife throwers. She was (he only retiree among the participants, but she won once again, becoming the worlds number one knife thrower.Throughout her amazing career, Chuvina won 5 national championships, as well as 50 medals and titles. In most countries, she would have been considered a national treasure, but not in Russia. Chuvina got much attention from the press, giving interviews and making appearances on television shows, but she never really received any great support from anyone, including the authorities. Chuvina stopped going to competitions mostly because she couldnt afford to travel.Chuvina didnt return to her old job at the local pool, and despite getting offers from parents to teach (heir kids, these offers never materialized. Today, at age 68, she lives in a shabby house and makes ends meet on a monthly pension of 17,000 rubles ($ 220).28. Why did Chuvina sign up for knife throwing training at 56?B. To land a better job.D. Under the persuasion of others.B. won her global fameD. resulted from her long hard trainingA. Out of curiosity.B. To make more friends.29. Chuvinas first victory in knife throwing.A. made her a role modelC. brought about different voices30. What was the main driving force that Chuvina competed against other knife throwers?A. The possibility of becoming well-known.B. The material rewards offered to winners.C. The desire of obtaining financial support.). The aim to learn from people superior to her.31. Chuvinas great achievements in knife throwingenabled her to live an easy retirement lifeA. helped her to win official recognitiondid little good to her financial situation）. made her more popular at her workplace【答案】28.A29. C 30. B 31. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 Chuvina在56岁时因好奇心驱使而参加了飞刀培训并在一些 比赛中取得了优异成绩，但她最终却因缺少去各地参赛的行程费用而放弃参赛，靠每月的抚恤金生活的故 事。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段第四句It was the first time that Chuvina had heard of knife throwing, so she decided to have a try and signed up for training/这是Chuvina第一次听说飞刀，于是她决定试一下并报名参加了培训）” 可推知，Chuvina出于好奇而报名参加了飞刀培训。应选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Her victory inspired many people, but there were also those who simply called it beginners kick.（她的胜利激发了很多人，但也有人称之为初学者的运气）”可知，人们对Chuvina的胜利有 不同的看法，很多人被她的胜利鼓舞了，但也有一些人认为这只是初学者的运气。应选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第.段最后两句Her very first prize had been a brand-new meat-grinder, but for her win at the nationals, she received a mobile phone and an air mattress. This greatly motivated her to participate in more competitions/她的一等奖是一台全新的绞肉机，但由于她在全国比赛中获胜，她得到了一部手机和一张气垫。 这极大地激励她参加更多的比赛）”可知，她与其他投掷刀者竞争的主要驱动力是提供给胜利者的物质奖励。 应选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的最后一句 “Chuvina stopped going to competitions mostly because she couldnt afford to traveL（Chuvina停止了参加比赛，主要是因为她负担不起旅行的费用）”和第五段最后一句“Today, al age 68. she lives in a shabby house and makes ends meet on a monthly pension of 17,000 rubles （$ 220）.（如今，68 岁的 她住在一所破旧的房子里，靠每月1.7万卢布（约合220美元）的养老金来维持生计）可知，Chuvina不 再参加比赛了，因为她负担不起（去各地参赛的）旅行费用。如今，68岁的她住在一间破旧的房子里，靠 每月17000卢布（220美元）的退休金维持生活。由可推知，Chuvina在比赛中取得的成就并没有改善她的 经济状况。应选C。Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists dont have the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently. The device, which is about as sensitive to light and has sharper vision and a faster reaction time than a real eyeball, may outperform human eyes.The human eye owes its wide field of view and clear eyesight to the relina(视网J莫)一an area a( (he back of the eyeball covered in light-detecting cells. The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material. At the back of the eyeball, an artificial retina is lined with Nan scale light sensors(纳米级光感器).Those sensors measure light that passes through the lens(晶状体)at the front of the eye. Wires attached to the back of the retina send signals from those sensors to the processor, similar to (he way nerve networks connect the eyeball to the brain.“In the fiiture, we can use this to replace damaged human eyes/ says the lead designer. In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square centimeter. Besides, the artificial eyeball records changes in lighting faster than human eyes canwithin about 3() to 40 milliseconds, rather than 40 to 150 milliseconds. Although its 100-degree field of view isnt as broad as the 150 degrees a human eye can take in, the device can see as well as (he human eye in poor light.Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of (iny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.32. Why does Zhiyong Fan develop the artificial eye?A. To replace peoples real eyeballs.B. To gain a sharper vision.C. To help the blind regain their eyesight.i). To help normal eyes perform better.33. What is paragraph 2 mainly about?A. The design of the artificial eye.B. The structure of the human eye.C. The advantages of the artificial eye.D. The material used for the artificial eye.34. What can we Icam about the artificial eye and the human eye?A. They have the same structure.B. The artificial eye may see more clearly.C. The human eye sees better in weak light.D. The artificial eye takes in a broader view.35. Which word best describes Hongrui Jiangs attitude to the artificial eye?A. Doubtful.B. Favorable.C. Tolerant.D. Ambiguous.【答案】32.C33. A 34. B 35. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了香港科技大学的一位科学家开发人工眼帮助盲人重获光明。【32题详解】细节理解题。由第一段Blind people have long desired for brightness, but scientists dont have the technology. To bring that one step closer to reality, Zhiyong Fan, a materials scientist of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, developed a new artificial eye recently.M （盲人长期以来一直渴望光明，但科学家们没有这项技术。 为了让这一点更接近现实，香港科技大学材料科学家范志勇最近开发了一种新的人工眼。）可知，创造人工 眼的目的是帮助盲人重获光明。应选C项。【33题详解】主旨大意题。由第二段The design for a new artificial eye is based on the structure of the human eye and uses a friendly light-sensitive material.v （新型人工眼的设计基于人眼的结构，并使用了一种友好的光敏材料。）可 知，第二段主要讲人工眼的结构设计。应选A项。【34题详解】细节理解题。由第三段In theory, this artificial eye could see more clearly than the human eye, because the artificial retina contains about 460 million light sensors per square centimeter while a real retina has about 10 million light-detecting cells per square centimeter.（理论上，这种人造眼比人眼看得更清楚，因为人造视网膜每平 方厘米包含大约4.6亿个光传感器，而真正的视网膜每平方厘米有大约1000万个光检测细胞。）可知，理 论上人工眼可能比真正的眼睛看得更清楚。应选B项。【35题详解】推理判断题。由尾段Hongrui Jiang, an electrical engineer at the University of Wisconsin, though, thinks engineers need a much more practical and efficient way to produce vast series of tiny wires on the back of the artificial eyeball to give it superhuman sight, which is super hard to achieve.v （不过，威斯康星大学的电气工程师姜宏瑞认为， 工程师们需要一种更实用、更有效的方法，在人造眼球的反面生产大量的细线，使其具有超人的视力，而 这很难实现。）可知，他认为科学家们设想的很难达成。持怀疑的态度。应选A项。第二节（共5小题；每题2分，总分值10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Go greenAre you worried about our earth? Do you want to do what you can to save it? 36 It may seem like the actions of one person wont make a difference, but there are actually many ways you can help. Here are some of them. Turn it off.Turn off anything that uses electricity when not in use. 37 If you leave your television on or dont turn off lights, its wasting electricity. Remember to turn things off when you dont need them.Start recycling （回收利用）.Its not just paper, plastic and glass that can be recycled clothes can be, too. 38 Its good for the environment and youll get a new look for free!39You dont have to travel far to get what you need, and products dont have to travel far （o get to you, either. Shop at farmers markets and buy food that was produced as close to your home as possible. And when youre online shopping, try to find things that wont have to travel long distances.Save water.If you dont let the water run when youre brushing your teeth and take showers instead of baths, you will be using less water and less energy but youll still be just as clean! 4（） Use a method that requires less water to get lhe dishes clean.A. Buy things nearby.B. Think before you eat.C. Its hard （o know where to start.D. Turn short jeans youve grown out of into shorts.E. Also, dont wash dishes with the water running continuously.F. This goes for lights, televisions, computers, printers, and so on.G. Bring a reusable water bottle with you when travelling or at work.【答案】36.C37. F 38. D 39. A 40. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以拯救地球，环保的建议。【36题详解】根据上文Are you worried about our earth? Do you want to do what you can to save it?（你担忧我们的地球吗？ 你想要尽你所能拯救它吗?）以及后文It may seem like the actions of one person wont make a difference, but there are actually many ways you can help. Here are some of them.（看起来似乎一个人的行动不会带来改变，但 实际上有很多方法可以帮助你。以下是其中些）”可知，上文提到尽自己所能拯救地球，后文那么提到个人 行动不会带来改变，可知本句为过渡句，指出要知道从哪里开始拯救地球不容易。故C选项“很难知道从 哪里开始”符合语境，应选C。【37题详解】根据上文“Turn off anylhing that uses electricity when not in use.（电器设备不使用的时候把电源关掉）”以及后 文 “If you leave your television on or dont turn off lights, i（s wasting electricity. Remember to turn things off when you dont need lhem.（如果你开着电视或不关灯，这是在浪费电。当你不需要它们的时候，记得关掉它们）” 可知，本段的建议是关于电器设备不使用的时