模块3unit1grammar名词性从句连接词的选用.doc

名词性从句
一、课前导学：
名词性从句在句中的作用相当于名词，共有四种：______________, _____________, _____________, _______________。引导词名词性从句的连接词见《高考零起点》P31.
二、反馈矫正：
判断下面各句中含有什么从句，并划线。
1.What you said just now has nothing to do with this matter.
2.They asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.
3. I don’t know who broke the glass yesterday.
4. How he was successful is still a puzzle.
5. The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.
6.She looked as if she was going to cry.
7. It has not been decided yet when they’ll start the project.
8.Father made a promise that he would buy me a computer.
9.Father promised that he would buy me a computer.
10.That’s why he was late.

三、名词性从句连接词的选用
（一）that 和 what的选用：
that 和 what都可引导所有的名词从句。但是，what除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可做从句的主语、宾语、或表语。而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用。
that / what
1.______ he wants is a book.
2. ______ he wants to go there is obvious.
3.The result is ______ we won the game.
4.This is _____ we want to know.
5.Is _____ he told us true ?
6.We should pay attention to ______ the teacher is saying.
7. I have no doubt _____ he will come.
8. I have no idea _____ he did that afternoon.
(二） if 和whether 的选用
不能使用if 的情况：a. 主语从句b. 表语从句c. 同位语从句
d. 介词后的宾语从句e. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用if to do.
f .whether or not 连在一起引导宾语从句时不用if.
1. I asked her __________ she had a bike.
2.______ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.
3. We’re worried about ________ he is safe.
4. I don’t know ___________ he is well or not.
5. I don’t know ________ or not he is well.
6. The question is _________ he should do it.
7.The doctor can hardly answer the question ______ the old man will recover soon.
8. I don’t know _______ to go.
（三）其它连接代词和副词的连用
主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义,正确的选择who、which、when、where、why、how 等连接词，这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。虽然表疑问，但从句的语序用陈述语序。
我们何时举行运动会还没有决定。
________ we shall hold our sports meeting is not decided.
我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃。
I don’t know _________ broke the glass yesterday.
我不知道他长的什么样子。
I have no idea _________ he looks like.
这就是我忘记眼镜的地方。
This is _________ I left my glasses.
（四）引导词that 的省略
that 可省略的情况：
单个宾语从句中的that可省略
that不可省略的情况：
a. 主语从句b.表语从句c.同位语从句d.用it做形式宾语的宾语从句
e. 并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的,引导词that 不能省略
1.I don’t think ________ she is coming.
2.It is a pity ________ he has made such a mistake.
3.The reason is _________ he is careless .
4.The news ________ our team won the match inspired us.
5.I don’t think it necessary _________ you should read English aloud.
6.He told me __________ his father had died and __________ he had to make a living alone.
五、同位语从句的引导和辨别
1.同位语从句的格式：n.+ 连接词 + 从句
2.能接同位语从句的名词有：fact、idea, news, information, order, belief, suggestion, advice等.
3.连接词通常是that,也可根据含义选用 whether, what, when, where 等来引导同位语从句.
1. I have no idea _________ he comes from.
2. He can’t answer the question ________ he got the money.
3.He gave us many suggestions ________ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.
4.I have no doubt ________ he will win.
5. I have some doubt ________ he will win.
（六） 同位语从句和定语从句的区别
1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的具体内容。定语从句中that不但起连接作用，而且在定语从句中充当一个句子成分，充当从句的宾语成分时可省略。
2.同位语从句对中 心词的内容作进一步的解释和说明，表明中心词的具体内容。引导同位语从句的that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分,只起连接作用,无具体含义,且不可省略.
1.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.
2. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.
1.The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.
2.The information that he revealed at the meeting is of great value.
（七） 名词demand, suggestion, proposal, advice等词后的同位语从句的语气要用虚拟语气,结构为 should + do, should 可省略
He gave me a suggestion that I ( should ) be calm now.
(八） 宾语从句的时态呼应
1. 如果主句时态是现在时或将来时,从句谓语可根据句意需要而选用任一种时态.
a .他相信他的梦想总有一天会实现的.
He believes _________________________ .
b .请告诉我你昨天这个时候在干什么.
Please tell me _________________________.
2. 如果主句谓语是过去时,从句谓语动词一般用过去的某种时态,但从句表达的是客观事实、真理、自然规律等时,从句谓语通常用一般现在时。
a.他告诉我他正在为考试做准备。 ______________________________________________
b.他说他已离开家乡十年了。 ________________________________________________
c.老师告诉我们光是沿直线运行的。______________________________________________
Practice: 改错
1. If she comes or not doesn’t concern me.
2. Whoever was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.
3. We never doubt whether he is honest.
4. You must give it back to whomever is the owner of it.
5. The proposal has been put forward what the flight should be cancelled.
6. The fact is what he didn’t notice the car until too late.
7. The reason why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.
8. Your brother’s health is not which it used to be.
9. Obviously there was little probability which they would succeed, but they didn’t mind.
10. What he said is not true.

答案:
一：what，that，that，what，what，what，that，what
二：if/whether , whether, whether ,whether/if , whether , whether , whether , whether
三：when ,who , what , where
四：（that），that，that，that，that （that ） that
五：where, how, that, that, whether
六：定语从句，同位语从句 ，同位语从句 ，定语从句
七：he was preparing for the examination.
He had been away from his hometown for ten years.
light travels in a straight line.
Practice: