Tess-of-the-D’Urbervilles(英美文选).ppt

TESS OF THE DURBERVILLESThomasHardyThomas Hardy的创作的创作长篇小说14部、短篇小说集4部、诗集8部、史诗剧列王三部。小说分为三类：“传奇和幻想作品”（罗曼史）“机巧和实验小说”（爱情阴谋故事）“性格和环境小说”（最重要的部分）Wessex Novels威塞克斯小说威塞克斯小说 哈代的系列小说总题名，包括哈代的系列小说总题名，包括14部小说。威塞克斯是部小说。威塞克斯是哈代家乡的古地名，哈代用威塞克斯的同一背景把多部哈代家乡的古地名，哈代用威塞克斯的同一背景把多部小说联成一体。全部作品分为三大类，小说联成一体。全部作品分为三大类，“罗曼史和幻想罗曼史和幻想”、“爱情阴谋小说爱情阴谋小说”、“性格和环境小说性格和环境小说”。主要内。主要内容是描写容是描写19世纪后半期英国宗法制农村社会的衰亡，表世纪后半期英国宗法制农村社会的衰亡，表现下层人民的悲惨命运。现下层人民的悲惨命运。哈代的哈代的“性格和环境小说性格和环境小说”，表现出作者对造成威塞克，表现出作者对造成威塞克斯社会和威塞克斯人悲剧命运的探讨。经历了斯社会和威塞克斯人悲剧命运的探讨。经历了“命运悲命运悲剧剧性格悲剧性格悲剧社会悲剧社会悲剧”的发展过程。代表作是的发展过程。代表作是德伯家的苔丝德伯家的苔丝。他这些小说展示了英国农村的恬静。他这些小说展示了英国农村的恬静景象。景象。简介：Tess of the DUrbervillesisthemostfamousnovelofThomasHardy.FocusingonthetragicexperienceofitsheroineTess,theplotofstorybegins.Tesscomesfromafarmersfamily,theDurbeyfields.Shehaslivedapoorbutpeacefullife.However,God,“ThePresidentoftheImmoral”beginstoplayacrueljokeonthisinnocentgirl.Onedayherfather,JohnDurbeyfiedlearnsthattheyaredescendedfromtheDUrbervilles,anancientfamilyoncerenownedinEngland.Tesssparentsareinanecstasyofdelightoverthenews.HermotherurgesTesstoclaimkinshipwiththeremainingDUrbervilles,sothatTesscouldmarryagentleman.Unwillingly,thegirlcomesincontactwiththeStoke,DUrbervilles.ThereshemeetsAlecDUrbervilles,whoshowsofftheestateandalwaysseducesher.Havingreceivedajoboftendingtochickens,TessstaysintheDUrbervilles.Hertragiclifehasjustbegun.BeforelongtherichandguilefulAlecmanagestoseducethegirlandmakeherpregnant.Beinghumiliatedandresolute,Tessreturnshome.Despitetherumorsallaround,shegivesbirthtoachild,whoiscalledSorrowbutdiessoonbecauseofgraveillness.Forseveralweeks,Tessisoverwhelmedbygriefandsorrow.Nevertheless,withoutfinancialsupport,Tesshastoleavehomeandgoestoworkasadairymaidatadistantfarm,whereshemeetsAngelClaire.Theyhavemeteachotherbefore,andTesshasmadeafavorableimpressiononAngel.AfterAngelpersistentpursuitofTess,thetwofallinloveandbecomeengaged.Thencomestheweddingnight,toohonesttokeepanysecret,TessadmitsaboutAlecDUrbervillesandthechild.Shebegsforforgiveness,butAngelleavesherindisgust.Tessagainreturnshomealone,onlyfindthatherfamilyremainsimpoverishedandsheevenhasnoplacetostay.Inthemeantime,AlecDUrbervilles,theevilpersonappearsagain.HetakesadvantageoftheDurbeyfieldspovertyandcontinuestotemptTess.Hepromisestosupportherfamily,onlyasameanstomakeTessdependent.Attheendofhope,thegirljumpsintothetrapoftheshamelessman.However,thetragedyhasnotfinishedyet.AngelClaire,whoisremorsefulforhismercilessness,comesback,buttofindthecruelreality.AndhisarrivalmakesTessevenmoredesperate.AfterAngelleaves,shestabsAlecintheheartandkillshim.ThenshefollowsAngelandescapewithhim.TheymanagetohideforawhileinawoodbeforetheycometoStonehenge,wheresheisarrested.Sheishangedlater.人物性格分析：Tess:aninnocentcountrygirlbroughtupwiththetraditionalideaofwomanlyvirtues,suffersthepovertyanddenunciationofthesociety.Inmostpeopleeyes,Tessisabadwomanwithoutmorality,sheisamistress,acriminal.MaybethewholelifeofTessisendedupwithtragedy,butherbravetotheevil,persistenttothetruth，pursuetoherloverepresentsheisthemodelofmoderntime.ToHardy,Tessisthedaughterofnature,shemixesthepurewithresolute.AlthoughTessishangedattheend,sheisluckybecausesheisfreefromthisearthlyworld.Noonecanbetheperfectone,theweaknessofTessmakesherarealperson,whichisshowedvividlybeforeus.Keywords:nature,pure,brave,weakness,rebel.Clare:livedinsuchconditionswhichthemasculineauthorityplayedanimportantroleintraditionalsociety.AngelClarewasoneofthevictimsofthissociety.Maybesomeofhisideasisadvanced,buthestillcantgetridoftheshacklesoftheoldmoralprejudices.苔丝的悲剧与她生命中的两个男人息息相关,一个是诱奸她的亚雷德伯;一个是抛弃她的安琪克莱尔。亚雷德伯在苔丝眼里就是“撒旦”,是魔鬼的象征,他就是毁灭苔丝终身幸福的罪魁祸首。他第一次看见苔丝,就垂涎她超凡脱俗的美貌。亚雷德伯对苔丝的纠缠玩弄代表了资产阶级恶势力对农民阶级的蹂躏。安琪克莱尔是苔丝心目中的“天使”,苔丝很早就对他产生了爱慕之情,但是安琪克莱尔表面上“具有一定的开明思想”,其实并没有真正摆脱旧道德偏见的束缚,“一旦事出非常”,那种以男性为中心的旧道德观念就使他成为“成见习俗的奴隶”。如果说亚雷德伯从肉体上毁了苔丝,让她成为一名“不贞洁”的女人,那么,安琪克莱尔则从精神上给了苔丝致命的一击,让她对生活失去了希望。安琪克莱尔对苔丝的抛弃则表现了资产阶级的传统道德观念对她的迫害。克莱尔在本质上也是男权社会的化身,他和亚雷德伯共同摧毁了苔丝。