高必修一英语3-5.doc

必修一 Unit 3 4 5
Prefer: vt.宁愿更喜欢
I prefer walking to cycling.
He pefered that he should walk to the cinema.
Prefer to do 与perfer doing 的区别

Some companies prefer to employ women workers because men’s hands and fingers are too big.

Prefer+that 从句的时候， 从句中用 that+动词原形。
I pefer that you (should) not stay here too long

长考的词义辨析：
Prefer doing to doing.
Prefer sth to sth.
Prefer to do rather than do:
n.perference. 偏爱，有待， 爱好，喜欢
give preference to sb.
in prefer to:
persuade: persuade sb. of sth.=persuade sb. that
we may find it is not easy to persuade people to drive less and walk more.
Persuade sb.to do sth. =persuade sb into doing sth.
Advise/persuade/convince区别

Schedule: now she is planning our schedule for our trip.
we are following our usual schedule for debates.
His official visit to Beijing is scheduled for June 24 to 27
常考短语： ahead of schedule /on schedule/Behind schedule:
Be scheduled for sth/， be scheduled to do sth.
I had such a tight schedule that I could hardly spare any time to keep my parents company
The president is scheduled to inspect the school this Friday.
Determain:vt. 决定， 确定， 下定决心
Determine on , determine to do
Be determined to do sth.
n.determination.
determine to do sth.
be determined to do sth.
prepare for/be prepared for
View: come into view.， in view:
In view of:。 In one’s view:
Care about: 关心，忧虑， 惦记
He doesn’t seem to care about the situation he is in.
Don’t you care about losing your job?
Care for/ take care / take care of / with care:
Care about , /care for:
Change one ‘s mind:
Make up one’s mind:
Keep…..in mind:
Call/bring…….to mind:
Fix one’s mind on
Never mind:
We shouldn’t change our minds no matter what would happen.

Give in :
Give away /give back: /give off/give out/give up
Burst：
Burst out: 突然迸发， 爆发。
Burst out doing sth.=burst into n
Burst in/into
Burst with anger/grief/joy:
When the balloon burst, the little boy burst out crying=burst into tears

Ruin: vt:毁坏， 毁灭， 成为废墟， 使破产
Lie/be in ruins/ Come/go/gall to ruin
Bring…to ruin:
Ruin oneself
Ruin one’s health/fame(声誉)/future
Ruin/damage/destroy的区别

Thousands of houses were seriously ( )by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month.
The whole city was completely ( ) in the sudden flood,leaving nothing to the native people.
The constant rain in the north of China this summer has ( ) cash crops such as cotton and peppers
Injure: vt：损坏，伤害，使受伤
Injure/hurt/wound/harm的区别
Bury: bury oneself in/be buried in: 埋头于，专注于，be aborbed in, be devoted to, be lost in, focas on ,concentrate on

A (great) number of: 许多，大量的
”the number of +可数名词得复数形式
Devote: 献身于，专心于
Devote oneself to
Devote……to….
Adj. devoted:
Be devoted to:
n.devotion
Her son, to whom she is so devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small town.
His devotion to his wife and family is touching
Devote….to，
Look forward to ， get down to ，be/get/become/grow used (accoustomed) to
lead to，pay attention to: ， object to
Equal:
Be equal to sth. /doing sth.
A equals B in…..
Without equal
Reward:
As a reward for/ in reward for/reward sb. for sth/doing sth, reward sb. with sth.
You deserve a reward for being so helpful
Award/reward区别
In trouble:
have trouble （in）doing sth. /with sth.,
Get into/out of trouble. make trouble
Take trouble to do sth.
重点句型：
1. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly,

2．When I told her the air would be hard to breathe and it would be very cold , she said it would be an interesting experience.

3.i felt bad the first time I talked to a group.

4. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

5. . It was my sister who first had the idea to cycle along the River.

6. Although she didn’t know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that we (should) find the source of the river.

7. 　 It seemed as if the world was at an end.
　　It seemed as if …"似乎，好像"

类似的时间状语归纳：
each time /at the time
/any/next/the first/the last time
the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly
She went to see him directly she got the letter.

Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.

She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.

The last time we talked he said he needed another two days.
例题：
（1）单项填空
She said to me, “I’ll tell you the result of test _____ I know it.”
A. Because                   B. the moment
C. After                        D. though
（2）同义句转换
I gave Mary the money when I saw her.
I gave Mary the money _____ _____ I saw her.

2. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it ...
With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest.
She ran and ran with beads of sweat running down her face.
例题：
翻译句子
①老师微笑着走进教室，身后跟着一群小朋友。      
②随着考试的结束，我们的假期开始了。

代词指代题
例：
Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot, a real “mechanized hired hand” that will be able to move and, in some ways, think like a human being. Agricultural engineers believe that computer-aided robots will make shocking changes in farming before the end of the century. Unlike farmers of the present, farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them. Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear (修剪) sheep, drive tractors, and harvest fruit. Even complex jobs will be done by robots. For example, in order to milk their cows, farmers must first drive them into the barn, then connect them to the milking machines, watch the machines, and disconnect them when they are finished. In the future, this will all be done by robots. In addition, when the milking is completed, the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure. The complete change of the farm is far in the future, but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long.
1.  the underline “this” in the last paragraph refers to:
A. driving the cows into the barn
B. watching the machine
C. connecting the cows to the milking machines
D. milking the cows
例题二：
One Earth day is about 24 hours long. Over the course of a year, the length of a day normally changes gradually by one millisecond. It increases in the winter when Earth moves more slowly, and decreases in the summer.
What does the word “It” in the 4th paragraph refer to?
A. The length of a day. B. The axis.
C. One millisecond. D. The change of the day.

例题三：
Seated on a rock, she could be waiting for a bus. But if so, she could be in for a terribly long wait.
A photo of what looks remarkably like a female figure with her arm outstretched was among several taken on Mars and sent back to Earth by NASA’s Mars explorer Spirit, Britain’s Daily Mail reported yesterday. Though no official confirmation has come from NASA on whether the figure is an alien or an optical illusion(视错觉)caused by landscape on Mars, it has set the Internet an excited discussion whether there really is life on Mars.

What does “she” in the first paragraph refer to?
   A. an unknown woman      B. a mystery alien
   C. an optical illusion     D. a lady-shaped image
例题四：
With smart phones taking the world by storm, a phone that can only send and receive voice calls and text messages may seem like a relic from a bygone age. Yet in East Africa, simple phones like these are changing the face of the economy, thanks to the "mobile money" services that are spreading across the region.
Using the text-messaging capability built into the GSM system(全球通) used by most cellphone networks, these services allow people without a bank account or credit card to use their phone as an electronic wallet that can be used to store, send or receive cash.
It works like this: you pay cash to your local agent who then tops up your mobile money account using a secure form of text messaging. That money can be transferred (转账) to another person by sending a message to their cell phone account.
The word “it” in the third paragraph refers to .
A．the GSM system B．the cell phone networks
C．the credit card service D．the mobile money service

例题五
Many creative thinkers state that they have completely devoted themselves to the subject matter of the problem, often over fairly long periods of time. Indeed, it would be strange if they had not done this. Nothing in such statements supports the idea that there is anything very different about the problem solving that leads to discoveries of the great contributions to the society. The act of discovery, even in the relatively predictable(可以预见的) sense that it occurs in everyday learning, involves(涉及) a “sudden insight” which changes the problem situation
What does the underlined word “this” refer to?
A. Great contributions to the society. B. Long-time study of the subject matter.
C. Various statements about problem solving. D. Complete devotion to artistic creation
例题六
The scientists’ next research job was clear: Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing. Their search led to some really strange thing made up of a protein (蛋白质) never before seen in the blood of a fish. When it was removed, the blood froze at seawater temperature. When it was put back, the blood again had its antifreeze quality and a lowered freezing point.

What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A. A type of ice-salt mixture. B. A newly found protein.
C. Fish blood. D. Sugar molecule.
例题七
Only a few years ago, it was impossible to find green products in supermarkets, but now there are hundreds. Some supermarket products carry labels (标签) to show that the products are green. Some companies have made the manufacturing (生产) of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.

1.The underlined word “it” refers to _________.
A. the manufacturing of green products   
B. a great demand for health foods
C. a selling point   
D. the company name
例题八
Yes, we have come to depend on technology to fulfill our needs, but we still need our natural environment. Unless we start developing technology to protect our natural world, it may soon pollute and poison us.

. The underlined word “it” refers to _________.
A. pollution     B. poison   
C. technology       D. natural world
例题九
Goods must be of proper quality, must be as described on the package and must be fit for any particular purpose made known by the seller. Those three rules used for the goods you buy can also be used for the goods you get on hire, or for the goods you get as part of a service.
There are also rules which deal with the standard of services you get — from, say, travel agents, shoe repairers, hairdressers and builders. These tell you what you should expect from any service you pay for.

3. The underlined word “these”（in Paragraph 2） refers to _________ .
A. the services    B. the workers   
C. the goods    D. the rules