上海市延安中学2021-2022学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题.docx

上海市延安中学2021学年第一学期期中考试
高三年级英语试卷
（考试时间：120分钟 总分值：140分）
L Listening Comprehension （25 分）Section A
Directions: In Section A, you'll hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. Boss and secretary. B. Teacher and student. C. Clerk and customer. D. Coach and athlete.
2.
3.
B. At a travel agency.
D. In a museum.
A. In a library.
C. In an information center.
A. The girl should tell her feelings to her sister.
B. The girl should talk to her sister's boyfriend.
C. The girl should not interfere in her sister's love affairs.
D. The girl should express her dislike in a silent way.
4.
5.
A. 30 dollars.
B. 45 dollars.
C. 15 dollars.
D. 75 dollars.
6.
A. He ignored the woman's words.
C. It is not allowed to park any car there, there.
A. Not more than two hours.
C. More than three hours.
B. The woman is asking the man to leave.
D. The man insisted on parking the car
B. Not less than two hours.
D. Less than half an hour.

7.
A. Professor Green serves as a wake-up call to the students.
B. Many students are bored with the class.
C. Few students think the class is dull.
D. Few students meet the professor^ requirements.
8.
9.
10.
A. He is waiting for the winter to come.
B. He can get a discount of the heavy jacket now.
C. He needs to buy a warm jacket.
D. He has prepared for the winter.
A. A 100% pure cotton shirt in blue.
C. A 100% pure cotton shirt in white.
A. Dismiss Simon from the company.
B. A shirt in navy blue and pink.
D. A nylon shirt in bright color.
B. Ask Simon to attend the meeting at once.

D. Talk with Simon about his serious
C. Warn Simon not to call in sick, problem.
Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. Zero degrees Celsius.
C. Minus twenty degrees Celsius.
12. A. For up to one year.
B. Minus fifteen degrees Celsius.
D. Minus fifty degrees Celsius.
B. For twenty-four hours.

D. his tyrannical and exploitative behaviors imposing forced labor on the CongoleseWhich of the following statements will Mr Daughton probably disagree with?
A. European bureaucrats9 intention to bring prosperity to the Africans led to unintended consequences.
B. The African workers involved in the railway construction were enslaved and ill-treated.
C. Despite being crowned as a masterpiece of engineering, the railway is of little benefit to local people.
D. Some colonists led no better lives when governed by civilized leaders than by tyrants.
64. Why did the documents made by the French state about the construction workers, being abused barely contribute to improving the condition?
A. Because the local governor turned a blind eye to the instructions given by higher officials.
B. Because some of the descriptions were groundless and denied by the inspector on the site.
C. Because the local agents fought back by filing a lawsuit against the alleged documents.
D. Because the workers on the railway were contracted volunteers though being treated cruelly.
65. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. A Brief History of Forced LaborB. Blood on the Tracks
C. Treasure of ColonialismD. The Vanishing HumanitySection C
Directions: Fill in each blank in the article with a proper sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
A. The commission estimates this impact to be modest, with a slight dip in employment.
B. If Europe's steel mills must pay for the carbon they spew, so will their Chinese rivals selling to the EU.
C. But the firm also expects governments to cough up a similar amount.
D. A few are reacting as the plan intended: by trying to decarbonise.
E. The reaction, however, has been mixed with many firms griping about increased import of cement due to the lack of compensation.
F. The European Commission wants to end this handout.
A Green and Level Field
Since the EU launched its emissions trading system in 2005, industries have followed divergent greenhouse-gas trajectories. The power sector has cut them by half. Among cement- and steelmakers, which got free allowances for four-fifths of their exhausts to stop the shift of production abroad, they have barely budged.
67 In July, the EU's executive arm proposed new rules to help the bloc meet itsgoal of cutting emissions by 55% from levels in 1990 by 2030. One proposal would withdraw free allowances for producers of aluminium, cement, fertiliser, iron and steel, and levy import tariffs on these products based on their carbon content. This “carbon border adjustment mechanism^^ (CBAM) aims to level the playing field. If enacted, CBAM would not start until 2026 and take a decade to roll out. Still, it is a test case that governments and firms elsewhere will study.
ICIS, a research firm, predicts that by 2030 CBAM-covered companies will receive 145m fewer tonnes of annual allowances than they would have done. That adds up to about €12bn ($14.2bn) a year, or 2% of the newly covered sectors9 sales. Four-fifths of the burden will fall on steel and cement.
Heavy industry may pass the costs of CBAM to EU firms that use the carbon-intensive inputs.
68 Not everyone agrees. Farmers and unions are furious. Pekka Pesonen, head ofCopa Cogeca, a farmers9 lobby, says that fertilisers account fbr about 35% of the cost of crops such as wheat. The CBAM would thus make it harder to compete with cheaper foreign grain. And the costs will be hard to pass on, because consumers are reluctant to pay more for low carbon products, says Mr Pesonen.
Some trade groups are responding by lobbying lawmakers. With some success: in March the European Parliament passed a non-binding vote to keep the free allowances. Others will hedge by buying extra allowances when carbon prices are low, as power companies now do routinely.
69 In May Thyssen krupp of Germany teamed up with the Port of Rotterdam to import renewable hydrogen to make green steel. Antoine Vagneur Jones of Bloombergnef, a research firm, identifies 24 small-scale hydrogen projects in the CBAMed sectors.
Decarbonisation is costly. Making cement with a third less carbon adds some 15% to the cost. Arcelor Mittal, the world's biggest steelmaker and one of Europe?s largest emitters, expects to invest an extra $10bn to cut carbon by 2030. That could raise its capital spending by a third.
70 Its boss, Aditya Mittal, noted recently that renewable-energy firms enjoyed supportfrom politicians. Other executives call for infrastructure, such as pipelines to funnel captured carbon dioxide from factories, as well as financial aid. The EU may need more carrots to go with its new stick.
IV. 71. Summary Writing (10 分)
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
How Come Scientists Draw Opposite Conclusions?
One of the biggest concerns in science is bias-that scientists themselves, consciously or unconsciously, may put their thumbs on the scales and influence the outcomes of experiments. But gathering the data and running an experiment is not the only part of the process that can go awry. The methods chosen to analyse the data can also influence results even if being based on the same dataset.
A new paper, headed by Martin Schweinsberg, a psychologist at the European School of Management and Technology, in Berlin, helps shed some light on why. Dr Schweinsberg gathered 49 different researchers with each handed a copy of a dataset consisting of nearly 8,000 comments made on an online forum for chatty intellectuals. Dr Schweinsberg asked his guinea pigs to explore a seemingly straightforward hypothesis (假设)that a woman's tendency to participate would rise as the number of other women in a conversation increased. Crucially, the researchers were asked to describe their analysis in detail by posting their methods and workflows, which allowed Dr Schweinsberg to see exactly what they were up to.
As it turned out, no two analysts employed exactly the same methods, and none got the same results. Some 29% of analysts reported that women do indeed participate more, if plenty of other women are present. But 21% concluded that the opposite was true. (The remainder found no significant difference.)
The problem was not that any of the analyses were “wrong“ in any objective sense. The differences arose because researchers chose different definitions of what they were studying, and applied different techniques. When it came to defining how much women spoke, some analysts plumped fbr the number of words in each woman's comment. Others chose the number of characters. Still others defined it by the number of conversations that a woman participated in, irrespective of how much she actually said. The statistical techniques chosen also had an impact, though less than the choice of definitions. Some researchers chose linear-regression analysis; others went for logistic regression or a Kendall correlation.
Truth, in other words, can be a slippery customer, even for simple-sounding questions. What to do? One conclusion is that experimental design is critically important. It is recommended that scientists specify exactly how they chose to perform their analysis, allowing those decisions to be reviewed by others. It is probably not practical, he concedes, to check and re-check every result. But if many different analytical approaches point in the same direction, then scientists can be confident that their conclusion is the right one.
V. Translation (15 分 3+3+4+5)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72 .近几年，人工智能在养老行业应用广泛。(witness v.).这个藏在岩石里的原始生物几乎不太可能进化成一个高级物种。(There)
73 .市长企图振兴该城不景气的经济，却因缺少具体可行的措施被投资者驳回。(attempt n.) 75.尽管对手作为主队比我们更占上风，我们还是凭借各种战术扭转了局势，卫冕冠军。 (Despite)VI. 76. Guided Writing (25 分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
近几年，各大科技公司纷纷推出配备有多种智能操控系统的仿生机器狗(robot dogs), 被称为“人类高质量宠物”。有人认为，智能宠物的市场潜力巨大，随着技术的精进，它们 会代替真实宠物，成为人类的好伙伴和好管家。面对机器宠物和真实宠物，你会如何选择， 请通过比拟阐述你选择的理由。

2021学年第一学期高三期中考试参考答案
I . Listening comprehension （25 分）
Section A. 1—10 （每题 1 分）BACBB
Section B. 11—20 （每题 1.5 分）CAD
II Grammar and vocabulary （20 分）
Section A.（每题 1 分）
21. had lain （had been lying） 22. on
25. designed26. embracing
29. where30. nothing
ABCCD
DBC DDCA
23. so
27. what
24. less difficult
28. whose
Section B.（每题 1 分）31—40
GCAHB
IIL Reading comprehension （45 分）
Section A （每题 1 分）
Section B （每题 2 分）
41—55 BCABD
56—59 CBDB
JFKED
BACBD DBCDA
60—62 CAC 63—66 DCAB

Section C.（每题 2 分）67—70 FADCIV 71. Summary writing （10 分）
Besides bias, scientists' choice of methods may also affect experiment results. Some researchers were asked to explore how the presence of other women influenced women's degree of participation in conversations. Interestingly, they drew mixed conclusions. This resulted from different definitions of research contents and the statistical techniques adopted. One solution is to specify analytical approaches for review in experimental design. （60 words）V. Translation （15 分:3 +3+4+5）
72. The recent years have witnessed the widespread application of artificial intelligence in the senior care industry.
73. There is little chance that the primitive creature hidden in the rock may evolve into an advanced species.
74. The mayor's attempt to revive the city's gloomy economy was rejected by investors fbr the lack of specific practical measures.
75. Despite the fact that our opponents had an advantage over us as the host team, we reversed the situation by means of various strategies and defended the championship.
VL 76. Writing （25 分）
C. For a few hours.D. For a few weeks.
13. A. After foods have been unfrozen, they can be frozen again.
B. Whether the freezing process is fast has nothing to do with the taste of the food.
C. To start the freezing process, it is important to lower the temperature to Zero degrees Celsius.
D. Generally, if frozen food is left unfrozen for more than twenty-four hours without being eaten, it must be thrown away.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. He was an anti-apartheid activist.
B. He was also the leader of the African National Congress.
C. He spent many years in prison.
D. He won his presidency in a fully representative democratic election.
15. A. The winning of the Nobel Peace Prize.
B. The transition towards multi-racial democracy in South Africa.
C. The continuous efforts to win the honorary title of Madiba.
D. The planning of sabotages against racial discrimination.
16. A. To honor the multi-racial democracy in South Africa.
B. To celebrate Mandela's being elected as President.
C. To mark Mandela's contribution to world freedom.
D. To appease the controversy aroused by his opponents.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following passage.
17. A. Medicine.B. Education.C. World history. D. Foreign
commerce.
18. A. Because she wants her daughter to be a doctor or a teacher.
B. Because few people choose foreign commerce as their major nowadays.
C. Because she has seen the bankruptcy of many big companies.
D. Because commerce is losing its popularity against the background of economy crisis.
19. A. A life in which she can face up to the crisis.
B. A life with dynamism and unpredictability.
C. A life in which she can foresee her future.
D. A life full of different chances.
20. A. He thinks it is hopefully on the way of recovery.
B. He thinks it is getting worse sooner or later.
C. He thinks nobody can foresee how the world economy will be.
D. He thinks the world economy is not bad at all.
IL Grammar and Vocabulary (20 分)Section A
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Barcelona Embraces Its Wild Side
At the end of April last year, Barcelona's inhabitants emerged from a six-week lockdown. To their amazement, they found that while the city (21)(lie) dormant (休眠的),nature had been busy transforming the streets