1、单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,绿色圃中小学教育网,*,北师大版六年级数学下册,运算律,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,学习目标,1.通过学习,理解运算律的相关知识,能运用运算定律进行一些简便运算。,2.在学习过程中,继续体验运算律的价值,增强应用数学的意识。,Evaluation only.,Created with Asp
2、ose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,观察下面算式,想一想,说一说怎样计算可以又快又准确。,499+37+501 25784,125(80+8)10169,72341025 63+78+37+22,我们学过哪些整数运算的运算律呢?,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty
3、 Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,加法交换律,a+b=b+a,加法结合律,(a+b)+c=a+(b+c),乘法交换律,ab=ba,乘法结合律,(ab)c=a(bc),乘法分配律,(a+b)c=ac+bc,你能用字母表示出来吗?,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,举一些例子验证这些运算律。,(2+3)+4=,2+(3+4)=,一共有多少?,。,。,。,。,45或,54,面积是多少?,
4、可以是:,4(5+3),也可以是:,45+43,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,整数运算律在小数、分数运算中成立吗?举例说明。,1.(3.98+5.7)+6.02=(3.98+6.02)+5.7,每千克苹果2.5元,每千克香蕉1.8元,各买3千克,共需多少元?,可以是2.53+1.83,也可以是(2.5+1.8)3,2.+=+,3,8,3,8,5,8,5,8,Evaluatio
5、n only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,计算,46+32+54 546+785-146,0.7+3.9+4.3+6.1 25494,=(46+54)+32,=(546-146)+785,=(0.7+4.3)+(3.9+6.1),=(254)49,=100+32,=132,=400+785,=1185,=5+10,=15,=10049,=4900,Evaluation only.,Created with
6、 Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,计算,8(36125)8412.50.25,2.74.8+2.75.2 90599+905,13,10.2,=(8125)36,=(812.5)(40.25),=2.7(4.8+5.2),=905(99+1),=100036,=36000,=1001,=100,=2.710,=27,=905100,=90500,=13,(10+0.2),=13,10+130.2,=130+2.6,=132.6,Eval
7、uation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,这两种水果小明家各买了4箱,共需要多少元?,方法一:264+744,=104+296,=400(元),方法二:(26+74)4,=1004,=400(元),答:共需400元。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright
8、2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,(1)82=4,42=2,22=1,12=?,(2)42=2,32=1,22=0,12=?,这个结果是整数吗?,这个结果是多少?,这个结果是正数或零吗?,这个结果是多少?,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,数的扩充(二),从数的运算来看,任何两个正整数相加,结果仍然是正整数,我们说加法运算在正整数范围内是“通
9、行无阻”的。但是,任何两个正整数相减,结果却不一定是正整数,有了0和负数,减法运算在整数范围内也就没有“障碍”了。同样,一个整数乘一个整数,结果还是整数,但是,一个整数除以另一个整数,结果不一定是整数,于是又有了分数由此可见,满足运算的需要,是数的扩充的另一个重要原因。,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,谢谢!,Evaluation only.,Created with Aspose.Slides for.NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0.,Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.,绿色圃中小学教育网,