中考英语完形填空做题技巧省公开课一等奖全国示范课微课金奖PPT课件.pptx

中考英语完形填空解题技巧 裙裙飘舞夏1/15“完形填空”题 是一个意在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合利用能力经典题型。它结合了单项选择题和短文填空优点，既考查词语搭配、近义词辨异、动词时态、句型结构、复合句关联和习惯使用方法等，又考查了逻辑推理和事理推断能力。2/15“完形填空”题要求填入词主要有：1.语法结构所要求功效词，如连接词、连接代词、连接副词、关系代词、关系副词等。2.含有语法改变普通词，如动词时态、语态、语气，名词数，代词格，形容词和副词级等。3.固定搭配短语或词组中特定词。4.同义词、近义词等易混同词。5.依据上、下文意思及结构必须填入确实定词。3/15完形填空题考查目标：1.考查同学们阅读了解能力。2.考查同学们语法知识。3.考查同学们综合利用英语知识水平和实践能力。4/15一、完形填空题命题特点 完形填空题是经过阅读考查学生语言知识及语言知识 综合利用能力一个测试形式。命题人在一段难度适度文章中留出10个空白，要求考生从所给A,B,C,D四个选项中选出一个最正确答案，使补足短文意思通顺、结构完整。完形填空是介于单项填空和阅读了解之间一个题型。能够说它是依据一篇文章所提供情景进行选择填空，也能够说它是在缺乏个别单词情况下阅读了解。完形填空现有对语法规则、习惯使用方法和词语搭配考查，又有对文章内容通篇了解。5/15完形填空主要考查以下三个方面内容：1、词汇：这类题目考查内容是：近义词区分，词语固定搭配和习惯使用方法。近几年陕西省中考题中完型填空题考查词汇类别包括到名词、代词、动词、介词、连词、形容词、副词和短语动词。2、语法：这类题目考查是：各种语法规则在文章中利用。其中包含名词单复数，形容词、副词比较等级，动词时态和语态，介词、数词、代词和连词使用方法，主谓一致，各种从句使用方法等。3、结构：这类题目考查是：文章中间句子与句子之间，段落与段落之间，上文与下文之间逻辑关系。从设空类型看可分为三个层次：1、句子层次 2、句组层次 3、全篇层次 设空难度，从句子层次到句组层次，再到全篇层次，依次增加。分析近几年陕西省完形填空题，我们能够看出陕西省完形填空题设空主要以句子层次为主，以句组层次为辅，几乎没有全篇层次题目。所以总体难度较低。6/15二、完形填空解题技巧 前面我们已经分析过，完形填空是在全方面了解短文基础上选择填空。所以做“完型填空”题应遵照以下步骤：1、通读全文，了、通读全文，了解大意解大意 做这类题目是，首先应该把文章通读一遍，了解一下文章大约内容。千万不要读一句填一句，因为“完形填空”题里所给大多数选项填入单句后都可成立，但从全文看又不可取 7/15比如：年北京海淀区中考试题中完形填空题：A hot dog is one of the most popular American foods.It was named after frankfurter,a German food.You may hear“hot dog”1 in other ways.People sometimes say“hot dog”to express 2.For example,a friend may ask 3 you would like to go to the cinema.You might say“Great!I would love to go.”Or,you could say,“4!I would love to go.”People 5 use the expression to describe(描写)someone who is a“show-off”,who tries to show everyone else how 6 he is.You often hear such 7 called a“hot dog”.He may be a baseball player,for example,who 8 the ball with one hand,making a(n)9 catch seem more difficult.You know he is a hot dog because when he makes such a catch,he bows(鞠躬)to the crowd,hoping to win their 10.，“hot dog”在这里不是“被吃”，“被做”，“被拿”，而是“被使用”，只能选used1.A.eaten B.used C.cooked D.picked8/151.A.eaten B.used C.cooked D.picked2.A.strength B.practice C.pleasure D.reply 3.A.if B.how C.when D.where 4.A.Hot dog B.Dont worry C.Never mind D.Excuse me 5.A.ever B.also C.still D.yet 6.A.hopeful B.careful C.kind D.great 7.A.a dog B.a land C.a person D.an action 8.A.catches B.plays C.passes D.throws 9.A.hard B.funny C.exciting D.easy 10.A.thanks B.cheers C.medals D.matches9/15假如不看后面文章内容，短文第一个题所给第四个选项都能够填入空白处，不论是从语法角度，还是从这个句子意思完整角度，都是能够站得住脚。但假如继续看完这一段短文之后，你就会领悟到。有些同学一拿到“完形填空”题，就着手去填，填到最终，才发觉所选答案语全文意思不符，不得不在从头开始。费时又费劲，还不易做准确，这种方法是不可取。10/152、瞻前顾后，逐步填空、瞻前顾后，逐步填空 了解文章大意之后，就可逐步填空。普通来说，文章后面所给选择答案可分三类：一类是语法正确，而意思不对；另一类是意思正确，而语法错误；第三类是语法正确，意思也正确。在选择答案时，一定要考虑到上下文意思，还要考虑到句子结构，习惯使用方法，固定搭配和词类功效，尽可能使选出答案及复合语法又符合原文意思。3、认真复查，适当调整、认真复查，适当调整 填空全部做完以后，应把短文从头到尾再读一遍，检验一下填空以后文章是否连贯，情节是否合理，语法结构是否正确。普通来说，假如意思连贯，情节合理，语法结构正确，就意味着选答没有问题；假如发觉个别填空使文章文理不通，语法结构有问题，就说明选答不正确。对这么填空应该认真推敲，进行调整。11/15下面来做【中考范例】（年陕西省中考试题）12/15Once upon a time,some children were playing at seaside when they found a turtle(海龟).They began to beat the turtle.Just at that time,a young man came and said to them,“Stop!”The children ran 31 quickly.The turtle was very thankful and said,“Thanks for your kindness.I really would like 32 you to a wonderful palace now.”The young man rode on the back of the turtle and was taken to the secret palace in the sea.When he 33 the palace,he was very surprised and said to the turtle,“What a nice palace!”To thank him,the king of the turtles gave him 34.He had never seen such a dinner before.He received a warm welcome there and was very 35 everything.After dinner,the king of the turtles said,“I am going to give you two boxes,36 you can open only one.”“You mustnt open both.Dont forget it!”the turtle warned him.“All right.I will open only one,”the young man promised(许诺).At this time,a large wave sent him out of the sea.After he 37,he opened the bigger one of the two boxes.38 the box was full of gold.“My God!”he cried.“Im 39 now.”Then he thought,“Things in the other box must be expensive,too.”He could not wait any longer.He broke his promise and opened the other box.As soon as he opened it,he became an old man.His hair turned white.His face 40 an old man over eighty years old.It all happened in a moment.He was sorry for what he did,but it was too late.31B 依据上下文判断，那些孩子们应该是跑走了。所以应选away。32D would like 之后应接不定式，年轻人就了海龟命，海龟应是“邀请年轻人到宫殿去。”33.C 抵达某个地方应用arrived at。34.A 按照逻辑，海龟国王要感激他，必定设盛宴招待他。所以应选a big dinner。35.A 海龟国王盛情招待他，所以他对一切都满意。pleased with everything表示就是这个意思 36.C 海龟国王给了他两个盒子，但只准他打开一个。这里有一个转折关系，所以应选but。37.C 海龟国王给了他两个盒子，但只准他打开一个。这里有一个转折关系，所以应选but。38.D 使他感到诧异是，用英语表示就是To his surprise。39.B 他得到了金子，当然应该是a rich man。40.C 因为贪心，他头发变白了，脸“看起来”像八十多岁老头。13/1531.A.through B.away C.into D.out 32.A.wanting B.asking C.to let D.to invite 33.A.left for B.arrived on C.arrived at D.got away 34.A.a very big dinner B.a very poor dinner C.a very bad dinner D.a very small dinner 35.A.pleased with B.strict in C.angry with D.sorry for 36.A.so B.or C.but D.as 37.A.went back to home B.was back home C.went back to the sea D.was back the sea 38.A.To his surprising B.To ones surprising C.To ones surprise D.To his surprise 39.A.a poor man B.a rich man C.an old man D.a young man 40.A.liked B.felt like C.looked like D.looked 14/15从年完形填空题来看，难度不大，全部题目都属于句子层次。只要看懂了短文意思，掌握了一些短语固定搭配，再多做一些精选练习，做好完形填空题是不难。15/15