(初一下册英语)名词性物主代词和情态动词can的用法2.doc

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名词性物主代词与情态动词
名词性物主代词
一、表示“我〞、“你〞、“他〞、“她〞、“它〞、“我们〞、“你们〞、“他们〞的词，叫做人称代词。
人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
〔1〕人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
如：I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too. We / You / They are students.
〔2〕人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。
如：Give it to me.  Let’s go (let’s =let us)
二、物主代词：表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。
数、人称、
类别
单 数
复 数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主
代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
（1） 形容词性物主代词( my / your / his / her / its / our / their )+名词。
如：her book my teacher his bike
（2） 名词性物主代词那么相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词〞,故其后不必加名词。
如：Is this your book? No,，it isn’t， it’s hers(her book) This pen is mine.
人称代词与物主代词用法的练习题
一、填表
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I

we

第二人称
you
you

you
第三人称

him
they

she

it

二、填空：

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1.Let _____ (I) help ____ (you).
2.Let _____ (we) go.
3.(I) _____ are students.
4.I can't find _____ (they).
5.Give ____ (he) the book.

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三、选择

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1.________are in the same class.
A.Her and me B.She and l
C.Me and her D.l and she
2.Please call ___ at 256-5896
A me B my C I D mine
3.-Do you like these computers?
-No,I don't like_______.
A it B them C they
5.Our tercher think_______are right.
A.We B.us C it D she
go to the party.
e,I and you B.I, you and he
C.You,I and he D.You,he and I

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四、用括号中的适当形式填空：　
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〔1〕Are these ________〔you〕pencils?
　　　　Yes, they are ________〔our〕.
〔2〕—Whose is this pencil?
　　—It’s ________〔I〕.
〔3〕I love ________〔they〕very much.
〔4〕She is________〔I〕classmate.

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五、代词练习：
A. 写出各个代词的对应项。
人称代词主格
人称代词宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
I

you

his

her
it

us

you

their

B. 用代词的适当形式填空。
1. Miss Gao teaches ____ English at school. (we)
2. I need a new schoolbag, so ___ mother buys one for ___. (I)
3. This is not my dictionary. This is _____ (she)
4. This book is not ____(he)
5. Look at ____ mouth. (I )
6. They are ____ parents. (he)
7.Your school is newer(更新) than(比) ___ . (she)
8. ____ classroom is bright(明亮).(I )
9. He is ___ father . (Bob)
10. Thank you for helping ___(I )
11.This isn’t ___pen. ___ is over there. (she)
12.___ school is far away from (远离) ___ home. (he)
六、用所给词的适当形式填空。
(we) ___ can go to the zoo by bus.
Ms Ding teaches _______(we) maths.
Bob loves _______(he) mother very much.
Do you know ________ (they) new teacher?
________(we) new model plane can fly very high.
I have a lovely(可爱的) cat, ____(it) name is Carl.
Jim is a very good boy. We all like ____(he).
The boy under the tree is Henry. This is ____ (he) bike.
She doesn’t like ____(she) new skirt.Who bought(买) it for___(she)?
Who is the man over there(那边 )? He is ___(we) teacher.
Is this red bag yours? No, _____ is yellow. ( I )
七、改错， 判断以下句子中的代词是否有错误，如果有请改正。

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1．I like he.
2. This car is your.
3.We call they lions(狮子).
4. Those model planes are my.
5. Can me help you?
6. What is she name?
7. She is reading(读) a book for they.
8. This book isn’t her, it’s mine.

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八、练习：
1. This is not _____ desk. My desk is over there.
2. －Can you spell _____ name, Harry? －Sorry.
3. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _____ room.
4. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice.
5. Mrs Green is my teacher. I’m _____ student.
6. That’s a cat. _____ name is Mimi.
7. Tom is in the room. This is _____ pencil-box.
8. Sam and Peter, look at _____ hands(手). They are so dirty.
9. －Mike, is this _____ picture? －Yes, it is.
10. －Can we put(放) _____ shorts here? －Yes, you can.
11. Mom, they are _____ classmates Rose(女) and _____brother　David.
12. Jack, where are _____ socks?
答案 11.my,her
九、用括号中的适当形式填空
〔1〕Are these _____〔you〕pencils?
Yes, they are _____〔our〕.
〔2〕—Whose is this pencil?
—It’s _____〔I〕.
〔3〕I love _____〔they〕very much.
〔4〕She is_____〔I〕classmate.
〔5〕Miss Li often looks after(照顾)_____〔she〕brother.
〔6〕—Are these _____〔they〕bags ？
—No, they aren’t _____〔their〕. They are ___〔we〕.
参考答案：1. your　ours　　2. mine　　3. them　　4. my　　5. her　　6. their, theirs, ours
情态动词
一、情态动词can有一定的词义,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语。
情态动词can没有人称和数的变化。其具体用法如下:
1. 表示"能、会",指脑力或体力方面的"能力"。
例如: I can speak English.我会讲英语。 Jim can swim but I can't.吉姆会游泳,但我不会。
2. 表示"可能",常用于否认句或疑问句中,指某种可能性。
例如:Han Mei can't be in the classroom.韩梅不可能在教室里。
Can he come here today, please?请问他今天能到这里来吗？
3. 表示"可以",常用于口语中,指许可或请求做某事。
例如: Can I have a cup of tea, please?请问我可以喝一杯茶吗？You can go out.你可以出去了？
补充:
② can在口语中可以代替may,表示许可或可以。
②can't在口语中代替mustn't时,表示禁止或不准。
例如:You can't play football in the street.不准在马路上踢足球。
③ 态动词can的过去式could,用于现在时,可使语气更委婉、更客气。
例如:Could you help me with my English?你能帮助我学习英语吗？
情态动词can的根本句型
1. 肯定句型为:主语+can+动词原形+其它。
例如: They can play basketball.他们能打篮球。 She can dance.她会跳舞。
You can go to watch TV.你可以去看电视了。
2. 否认句型为:主语+can not(can't/cannot)+动词原形+其它。表示"某人不能(不会。不可能)做……"。其中can't是can not的缩略式,英国多写成cannot。
例如:You cannot pass the ball like this.你不能像这样传球。 I can't ride a motorbike.
3.疑问句句型分为:一般疑问句句型和特殊疑问句句型两种类型。
⑴一般疑问句句型为:Can+主语+动词原形+其它。表示"某人会(能。可以)做……吗？",用于口语时,常表示请求或许可。其肯定答语用""Yes,主语+can."作答;否认答语用"No,主语+can't."作答。
注意答语中作主语的人称代词,应根据问句中的主语作相应的变化。其变化规那么为:第一人称问,那么第二人称答;第二人称问,那么第一人称答;第三人称问,第三人称答。
例如:①-Can you sing an English song for us?你可以为我们大家唱一首英语歌吗？
-Yes.行。(注意在Yes后面常省略I can)
②-Can I skate?我可以滑冰吗？ -Yes, you can.可以。
④ -Can she climb hills?她能爬山吗? -No, she can't.不,她不能。
⑵特殊疑问句句型为:a. Who+can+动词原形+其它。该句型中who相当于主语。
例如:-Who can sing in English in your class?你们班上谁会用英语唱歌？ -Lily can.莉莉会。
b.特殊疑问词(作定语)+名词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用how many, how much等。
例如:-How many boats can you see in the river?你能看见河中有多少只船吗？
--Only one boat.仅有一只。
c.特殊疑问词+can+主语+动词原形+其它。该句型中的特殊疑问词常用what, where, when等,一般用肯定陈述句作答。
例如:--What can you see in the picture?你能在图画中看到什么？
--I can see some birds and two big trees in it.我能看到一些鸟儿和两棵大树。
练习题：
1. -Can you play with a yo-yo, Jim?-Yes, I________. It's easy.
　　A. must B. can C. need D. may
2. You________go and ask Meimei. She________know the answer.
　　A. must, can B. must, may C. need, can D. can, may
3. -________I take the magazine(杂志)out of the reading room?-No, you mustn't.
　　A. Must B. Can C. Need
二、根据提示完整答复以下问题。〔完整答复〕
1．Can the Robot sweep the floor? (写两种答案)
_________________________
2．Can your brother do housework? (写两种答案)
__________________________
3．What can your sister do? (清扫卧室和浇花)
__________________________
三、根据答句写问句。
1. ________________________________________? Yes, I can do the dishes.
2. ________________________________________? Yes, we can empty the trash.
3. ________________________________________? Yes, he can make the bed.
4. ________________________________________? Yes, Tom can wash the clothes.
5 ._______________________________________? Yes, Amy can water the flowers.
6. ________________________________________? No, they can clean the bedroom.
7. _______________________________________? I can cook the meals.
8. _______________________________________? We can play football.
9. _______________________________________? Tom can use a computer.
10. ______________________________________? Sarah can sweep the floor.
11. ______________________________________? My father can wash the car.
12. ______________________________________? My mother can sing and dance.
四、句型转换

五、根据上下文提示用can的适当形式完成以下短文

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