线程同步与异步套接字.doc

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线程同步与异步套接字编程 1.利用事件对象来实现线程间的同步新建一个win32 console application,取名Event,再建一个Event源文件，编辑： #include <iostream.h> #include <windows.h> DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter); DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter); int tickets=100; HANDLE g_hEvent; void main() { HANDLE hThread1; HANDLE hThread2; hThread1=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun1Proc,NULL,0,NULL); hThread2=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun2Proc,NULL,0,NULL); CloseHandle(hThread1); CloseHandle(hThread2); //g_hEvent=CreateEvent(NULL,TRUE,FALSE,NULL);//创建一个匿名的有信号状态的事件对象 //g_hEvent=CreateEvent(NULL,FALSE,FALSE,NULL);//创建一个匿名的无信号状态的事件对象 g_hEvent=CreateEvent(NULL,FALSE,FALSE,"tickets");//创建一个命名的无信号状态的事件对象 SetEvent(g_hEvent);//将事件对象设置为有信号状态 if(g_hEvent) { if(ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS==GetLastError()) { cout<<"only one instance can run!"<<endl; return; } } Sleep(4000); CloseHandle(g_hEvent); } DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc( LPVOID lpParameter // thread data ) { while(TRUE) { WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent,INFINITE); // ResetEvent(g_hEvent);//将事件对象设为非信号状态 if(tickets>0) { Sleep(1); SetEvent(g_hEvent); cout<<"thread1 sell ticket : "<<tickets--<<endl; } else { SetEvent(g_hEvent);//将事件对象设为有信号状态 break; } } return 0; } DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc( LPVOID lpParameter // thread data ) { while(TRUE) { WaitForSingleObject(g_hEvent,INFINITE); // ResetEvent(g_hEvent);//将事件对象设为非信号状态 if(tickets>0) { Sleep(1); SetEvent(g_hEvent); cout<<"thread2 sell ticket : "<<tickets--<<endl; } else { SetEvent(g_hEvent);//将事件对象设为有信号状态 break; } } return 0; } 2.利用CriticalSection实现线程同步 #include <iostream.h> #include <windows.h> DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter); DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter); int tickets=100; CRITICAL_SECTION g_cs; //定义一个全局的临界区对象 void main() { HANDLE hThread1; HANDLE hThread2; hThread1=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun1Proc,NULL,0,NULL); hThread2=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun2Proc,NULL,0,NULL); CloseHandle(hThread1); CloseHandle(hThread2); InitializeCriticalSection(&g_cs);//初始化一个临界区对象 Sleep(4000); DeleteCriticalSection(&g_cs);//释放这个临界区对象 } DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc( LPVOID lpParameter // thread data ) { while(TRUE) { EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);//获得临界区的所有权，进入临界区 if(tickets>0) { Sleep(1); cout<<"thread1 sell ticket : "<<tickets--<<endl; } else { break; } LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);//离开临界区，并释放所有权 } return 0; } DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc( LPVOID lpParameter // thread data ) { while(TRUE) { EnterCriticalSection(&g_cs);//获得临界区的所有权，进入临界区 if(tickets>0) { Sleep(1); cout<<"thread2 sell ticket : "<<tickets--<<endl; } else { break; } LeaveCriticalSection(&g_cs);//离开临界区，并释放所有权 } return 0; } 3.线程死锁 #include <iostream.h> #include <windows.h> DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc(LPVOID lpParameter); DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc(LPVOID lpParameter); int tickets=100; CRITICAL_SECTION g_csA; //定义一个全局的临界区对象 CRITICAL_SECTION g_csB; void main() { HANDLE hThread1; HANDLE hThread2; hThread1=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun1Proc,NULL,0,NULL); hThread2=CreateThread(NULL,0,Fun2Proc,NULL,0,NULL); CloseHandle(hThread1); CloseHandle(hThread2); InitializeCriticalSection(&g_csA);//初始化一个临界区对象 InitializeCriticalSection(&g_csB); Sleep(4000); DeleteCriticalSection(&g_csA);//释放这个临界区对象 DeleteCriticalSection(&g_csB); } DWORD WINAPI Fun1Proc( LPVOID lpParameter // thread data ) { while(TRUE) { EnterCriticalSection(&g_csA);//获得临界区的所有权，进入临界区 Sleep(1); EnterCriticalSection(&g_csB); if(tickets>0) { Sleep(1); cout<<"thread1 sell ticket : "<<tickets--<<endl; } else break; LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csB);//离开临界区，并释放所有权 LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csA); } return 0; } DWORD WINAPI Fun2Proc( LPVOID lpParameter // thread data ) { while(TRUE) { EnterCriticalSection(&g_csB);//获得临界区的所有权，进入临界区 Sleep(1); EnterCriticalSection(&g_csA); if(tickets>0) { Sleep(1); cout<<"thread2 sell ticket : "<<tickets--<<endl; } else break; LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csA);//离开临界区，并释放所有权 LeaveCriticalSection(&g_csB); } return 0; } 4.利用异步套接字编写网络聊天室程序新建一个基于单文档的MFC的应用程序，取名叫Chat2,编辑资源，如下图：在预编译头文件中添加： #include <winsock2.h> //使用winsock函数要使用它 #pragma comment(lib,"Ws2_32.lib") 编辑函数InitInstance： BOOL CChat2App::InitInstance() { WORD wVersionRequested; WSADATA wsaData; int err; wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD( 2, 2 ); err = WSAStartup( wVersionRequested, &wsaData ); if ( err != 0 ) { return FALSE; } if ( LOBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 || HIBYTE( wsaData.wVersion ) != 2 ) { WSACleanup( ); return FALSE; } AfxEnableControlContainer(); .......... .......... } 添加虚函数： Chat2.h中编辑： class CChat2App : public CWinApp { public: CChat2App(); ~CChat2App();//增加一个析构函数，去调用WSACleanup .......... .......... } Chat2.cpp中编辑: CChat2App::~CChat2App() { WSACleanup(); } 并在CChat2Dlg.h中添加： public: CChat2Dlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // standard constructor ~CChat2Dlg();//析构函数 private: SOCKET m_socket; 在CChat2Dlg.cpp中添加： CChat2Dlg::~CChat2Dlg() { if(m_socket) { closesocket(m_socket); } } 再添加成员函数BOOL CChat2Dlg::InitSocket，编辑： BOOL CChat2Dlg::InitSocket() { m_socket=WSASocket(AF_INET,SOCK_DGRAM,0,NULL,0,0); if(INVALID_SOCKET==m_socket) { MessageBox("创建套接字失败！"); return FALSE; } SOCKADDR_IN addrSock; addrSock.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htol(INADDR_ANY); addrSock.sin_family=AF_INET; addrScok.sin_port=htons(6000); if(SOCKET_ERROR==bind(m_socket,(SOCKET*)&addrSock,sizeof(SOCKADDR))) { MessageBox("绑定失败"); return FALSE; } if(SOCKET_ERROR==WSAAsyncSelect(m_socket,m_hWnd,WM_SOCK,FD_READ))//请求一个基于消息的网络读取事件通知 { MessageBox("注册网络读取事件失败！"); return FALSE; } return TRUE; } 并在BOOL CChat2Dlg::OnInitDialog()调用一下： BOOL CChat2Dlg::OnInitDialog() { .............. .............. // TODO: Add extra initialization here InitSocket(); return TRUE; // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control } 接着编写WM_SOCK消息：在Chat2Dlg.h中添加： #define UM_SOCK WM_USER+1 //消息定义 afx_msg void OnSock(WPARAM,LPARAM);//消息函数声明在Chat2Dlg.cpp中编辑：添加消息映射： BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CChat2Dlg, CDialog) //{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CChat2Dlg) ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND() ON_WM_PAINT() ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON() //}}AFX_MSG_MAP ON_MESSAGE(UM_SOCK,OnSock) //消息映射 END_MESSAGE_MAP() 消息函数实现： void CChat2Dlg::OnSock(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParama) { switch(LOWORD(lParama)) { case FD_READ: WSABUF wsabuf; wsabuf.buf=new char[200]; wsabuf.len=200; DWORD dwRead; DWORD dwFlag=0; SOCKADDR_IN addrFrom; int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR); CString str; CString strTemp; if(SOCKET_ERROR==WSARecvFrom(m_socket,&wsabuf,1,&dwRead,&dwFlag, (SOCKADDR*)&addrFrom,&len,NULL,NULL))//接收数据,并判断 { MessageBox("接收数据失败"); return ; } str.Format("%s说：%s",inet_ntoa(addrFrom.sin_addr),wsabuf.buf); str+="\r\n"; GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,strTemp); str+=strTemp; SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,str); break; } } 双击发送按钮，接下来编写发送端： void CChat2Dlg::OnBtnSend() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here DWORD dwIP; CString strSend;//用于存放发送的字节数 WSABUF wsabuf; DWORD dwSend; int len; ((CIPAddressCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS1))->GetAddress(dwIP); SOCKADDR_IN addrTo; addrTo.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(dwIP); addrTo.sin_family=AF_INET; addrTo.sin_port=htons(6000); GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,strSend);//获取要发送的数据 len=strSend.GetLength(); wsabuf.buf=strSend.GetBuffer(len); wsabuf.len=len+1;//有一个'\0'作为结尾 SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,""); if(SOCKET_ERROR==WSASendTo(m_socket,&wsabuf,1,&dwSend,0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrTo,sizeof(SOCKADDR),NULL,NULL))//发送数据,并判断 { MessageBox("发送数据失败"); return; } } 5.利用主机名发送数据 void CChat2Dlg::OnSock(WPARAM wParam,LPARAM lParama) { switch(LOWORD(lParama)) { case FD_READ: WSABUF wsabuf; wsabuf.buf=new char[200]; wsabuf.len=200; DWORD dwRead; DWORD dwFlag=0; SOCKADDR_IN addrFrom; int len=sizeof(SOCKADDR); CString str; CString strTemp; HOSTENT *pHost;//定义一个HOSTENT结构体指针 if(SOCKET_ERROR==WSARecvFrom(m_socket,&wsabuf,1,&dwRead,&dwFlag, (SOCKADDR*)&addrFrom,&len,NULL,NULL))//接收数据,并判断 { MessageBox("接收数据失败"); return ; } pHost=gethostbyaddr((char *)&addrFrom.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr,4,AF_INET);//将地址转换成主机名 //str.Format("%s说：%s",inet_ntoa(addrFrom.sin_addr),wsabuf.buf); str.Format("%s说：%s",pHost->h_name,wsabuf.buf); str+="\r\n"; GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,strTemp); str+=strTemp; SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_RECV,str); break; } } void CChat2Dlg::OnBtnSend() { // TODO: Add your control notification handler code here DWORD dwIP; CString strSend;//用于存放发送的字节数 WSABUF wsabuf; DWORD dwSend;//用于指向存放the number of bytes sent by this call int len; CString strHostName; SOCKADDR_IN addrTo; HOSTENT* pHost;//定义一个HOSTENT结构体 if(GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_HOSTNAME,strHostName),strHostName=="NULL")//获取主机名，并判断其是否为空 { ((CIPAddressCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS1))->GetAddress(dwIP);//从IP地址控件中获取IP地址 addrTo.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=htonl(dwIP); } else { pHost=gethostbyname(strHostName);//根据主机名获取地址 addrTo.sin_addr.S_un.S_addr=*((DWORD*)pHost->h_addr_list[0]); } ((CIPAddressCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_IPADDRESS1))->GetAddress(dwIP); addrTo.sin_family=AF_INET; addrTo.sin_port=htons(6000); GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,strSend);//获取要发送的数据 len=strSend.GetLength(); wsabuf.buf=strSend.GetBuffer(len); wsabuf.len=len+1;//有一个'\0'作为结尾 SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEND,""); if(SOCKET_ERROR==WSASendTo(m_socket,&wsabuf,1,&dwSend,0, (SOCKADDR*)&addrTo,sizeof(SOCKADDR),NULL,NULL))//发送数据,并判断 { MessageBox("发送数据失败"); return; } } 运行，OK!

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