中考总复习全解.doc

代词
一、人称代词
人称
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
反身代词
第一人称
I
me
my
mine
myself
第二人称
you
you
your
yours
yourself
第三人称
he/she/it
him/her/it
his/her/its
his/hers/its
him/her/it-self
第一人称复数
we
us
our
ours
ourselves
第二人称复数
you
you
your
yours
yourselves
第三人称复数
they
them
their
theirs
themselves
This is ____ book.（我的）
Her car is black. ____ are big and bright.（我们的）
This bag is ____.（我的）
teach oneself learn…by oneself enjoy oneself help yourself/yourselves to… say to oneself leave sb. by oneself
二、指示代词
单数
this
that
复数
these
those
1、 表远近
2、 比较级中指代人或物 The weather in Beijing is colder than ____ in Shanghai!
3、 介绍某人或电话用语This is Bob. Who’s that speaking? This is Mike speaking.
三、不定代词
some
any
There aren’t ____ students in the classroom.
Would you like ____ coffee? –Yes, please.
all
none
every
____ of the three Germans have lived in China for three years. ____ of them know Chinese.
____ student in the class passed the examination.
the other
another
one…the other
one…another…another
some…the others
some…others
There is one shoe here. Where is ____ one?
This jacket is too small. Would you give me ____ one?
I have two sisters. ____ is a doctor. ____ is a teacher.
I don’t like this skirt. Please show me ____ (one).
There are ten cars here. Six are red; ____ are black.
Some people believe it, but ____ not.
both， neither
either, each
____ of his parents are teacher. But ____ of them teaches English.
There are many flowers on ____/____ side of the street.
There are many flowers on ____ sides of the street.
many， much
few， a few
little， a little
____ of us have been to Qingdao. 我们中有几个人去过青岛。
He says much, but does ____.他说得多，做得少。

some/any/no/every-body
some/any/no/every-one
some/any/no/every-thing

四、疑问代词
1 Who is the girl? 2 Whom are you looking for? 3 Whose is this bike?
4 What are they talking about? 5 Which is better, the red one or the green one?
数词
一、基数词
1-9
11-19
10-90（整十）
21-99（非整十）
two
twelve
twenty
twenty-two
three
thirteen
thirty
thirty-three
four
fourteen
forty
forty-four
nine
nineteen
ninety
ninety-nine

hundred

thousand

million

billion
二、序数词
one
first
1st

two
second
2nd

three
third
3rd

five
fifth
5th

eight
eighth
8th

nine
ninth
9th

twelve
twelfth
12th

twenty
twentieth
20th

twenty-one
twenty-first
21st

twenty-four
twenty-fourth
24th

三、数词的常用表达
分数
one- third two-thirds two-fifths
one second=one/a half one fourth=one/a quarter three fourths=three quarters
小数
0.05 zero point zero five;point zero five;point o five
28.29twenty-five point two nine
百分数
46% forty-six percent 100% one hundred percent
倍数
once twice/double …times
This factory is twice as big as that one.
His house is three times bigger than mine.
China is almost five times the size of Mexico in area.
编号
the fourth lesson=Lesson Four
the No. 556 Room= Room 556
日期
November 25th,2015（美）=25th Novermer，2015（英）
in the 1990s=in the 1990’s
in the 21st century
年龄
15 years old in his twenties at the age of seven=When sb. was seven years old
时刻
six o’clock
seven twenty=twenty past seven
three fifty-five=five to four
eight fifteen=a quarter past eight
ten thirty=half past ten
ten forty-five=a quarter to eleven
四、数字的读法
1，004 186，574，210 4，000，000，000

情态动词
一、分类
1、只能用作情态动词的有：must, can/could, may/might
2、既可作情态动词又可作实意动词的有：need
3、既可作情态动词又可作助动词的有：shall/should, will/would
4、具有某些情态动词特征的词组有：have to, ought to, used to, had better
二、特征
1、表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度，认为可能、应当、必须等。
2、有自己的词义，但不能单独做谓语，必须与动词原形一起作谓语。
3、除have to外没有人称和数的变化。
4、有助动词的作用，可以用来构成疑问句、否定句及用于肯定、否定的回答中。
三、用法
1、主要根据词语的意思来选择。
2、need do needn’t do
need to do don’t need to do
need to be done=need doing Your car need cleaning.=your car need to be cleaned.
3、Must we hand in our exercise books today? Yes, you must. No, you needn’t./don’t have to.
4、had better do had better not do
5、Maybe you are right.=You may be right.
6、It can’t be true.
You mustn’t smoke in the library.

系动词=连系动词
1、 常用的系动词有：be, become, feel, get, keep, look, taste, smell, sound, seem, turn等。
2、 系动词本身具有一定的词义，但它不能独立作谓语，必须和其后的形容词、名词、或介
词短语一起构成复合谓语。
3、不能用于被动语态。
如：
1、 The day is getting longer and longer.
2、 That sounds like good news.
3、 They became friends.
4、 It seems rainy.
5、 The leaves turn green when spring comes.

非谓语动词
动词不定式
1、做主语
To learn a foreign language is important for us.
=It is important for us to learn a foreign language.
=It is very kind of you to do that.
It takes me half an hour to do my homework every day.
2、做宾语
I plan to buy a new computer.
Please remember to post the letter.…

want to do sth.
hope to do sth.
choose to do sth.
wish to do sth.
like to do sth.
begin to do sth.
start to do sth.
forget to do sth.
remember to do sth.
need to do sth.
ask to do sth.
learn to do sth.
decide to do sth.
prefer to do sth.
would like to do sth.

promise to do sth.
try to do sth.
offer to do sth.
plan to do sth.
pretend to do sth.
refuse to do sth.
agree to do sth.
…
I found it very easy to make a paper plane.
I can’t decide where to go.
3、作表语
He seems to have few friends here.
You duty is to water flowers every day.
4、做补语
My teacher told me not to play on the road.
I often help my mother to do housework.
The boss made the workers work all day.
It isn’t happy to force sb. to do whatever they don’t want to.
ask sb. to do sth.
tell sb. to do sth. would like sb. to do sth.
order sb. to do sth. teach sb. to do sth. want sb. to do sth. allow sb. to do sth. warn sb. to do sth. encourage sb. to do sth.
wish sb. to do sth. advise sb. to do sth. cause sb. to do sth.
force sb. to do sth.

hear sb. do/doing sth
see sb. do/doing sth
watch sb. do/doing sth
notice sb. do/doing sth
let sb. do sth
make sb. do sth
have sb. do sth

5、做定语
I have a lot of work to do.
I have no paper to write on.
6、做状语
In order to catch up with others, he studied harder.
I’m glad/happy/pleased to hear the good news.
7、不带的不定式的常用句型。
Why not do sth.
would rather do sth.
would rather do sth. …than do …
prefer to do …rather than do …
动名词
1、动名词（短语）作主语
Reading is an art.
2、动名词作宾语
Would you mind opening the door?
I’m busy sweeping the room.
Thanks for inviting me.
You can learn English by asking the teacher.
I don’t feel like eating anything.

finish doing sth.
enjoy/like/love doing sth.
practise doing sth.
keep on doing sth.
go on doing sth.
spend…doing sth.
miss doing sth.
give up doing sth.
put off doing sth.
suggest doing sth.
consider doing sth.
can’t help doing sth.
stop/keep/prevent…from doing sth.
be proud of doing sth.
dream of doing sth.
be good at doing sth.
look forward to doing sth.
be worth doing sth.
be used for doing sth.
be used to doing sth.
begin/start doing sth.
hate doing sth.
prefer doing to doing sth.

3动名词（短语）作表语
My hobby is listening to music.=Listening to music is my hobby.

分词（现在分词、过去分词）
1、分词作定语
The boy standing there is my younger brother.
I like the books written by Lu Xun.
2、分词作表语
The news is exciting.
He is very interested in the interesting book.
My pen was broken.
3、分词作状语
The teachers came in the classroom, talking and laughing.
Given more time, I can do it better.
4、分词作宾语补足语
I saw him drawing on the blackboard.
I will have my bike repaired tomorrow.