常用的标准薄膜电容器术语.docx

常用的标准薄膜电容器术语
1、电容器元件（或元件）/Capacitor element（or element）
由被电介质隔开的两极构成的部件。
A device consisting essentially of two electrodes separated by a dielectric.
2、电容器单元（或单元）/Capacitor unit（or unit）
由一个或多个电容器元件组装于同一外壳中并有引出端子的组装体。
Assembly of one or more capacitor elements in the same container with terminals brought out.
3、电容器组 capacitor bank
电气上连接在一起的两个或多个电容器单元的组装体。
Number of capacitor units connected so as to act together.
4、电容器 capacitor
在不需要表明其是元件、单元或电容器组时的一个通用名词。
General term used when it is not necessary to state whether reference is made to an element, a unit or capacitor bank.
5、电容器设备 capacitor equipment
电容器单元和用来连接到网络上的附件的组合体。
Assembly of capacitor units and their accessories intended for connection in power electronic equipment.
6、电力电子电容器 power electronic capacitor
用于电力电子设备中并能在非正弦波电流和电压下连续运行的电力电容器。
Power capacitor intended to be used in power electronic equipment and capable of operating continuously under sinusoidal and non-sinusoidal current and voltage.
7、金属箔电容器（非自愈型） metal-foil capacitor（non self-healing）
电极通常是由被电介质隔开的金属箔组成的电容器。在电介质被击穿后，电容器不能自行恢复绝缘性能。
Capacitor in which the electrodes usually consist of metal foils separated by a dielectric. In the event of a breakdown of the dielectric, the capacitor dose not restore itself.
8、自愈式金属化电介质电容器 self-healing metalized dielectric capacitor
电极为金属化层（通常以蒸发形成）的电容器。在电介质被击穿后，电容器能自行恢复绝缘性能。
Capacitor of which at least one electrode consists of a metallic deposit on the dielectric. In the event of local breakdown of the dielectric, the electric properties of the capacitor are rapidly and essentially self-restored.
9、交流电容器 A.C. capacitor
主要为在交流电压下运行而设计的电容器。
Capacitor essentially designed for operation with alternating voltage.
注：交流电容器可用于高达额定值的直流电压下，但需经购买方与电容器制造厂协商确定。
NOTE:AC capacitors may be used with d.c.voltage up to the rated voltage only when authorized by the capacitor manufacturer.
10、直流电容器D.C. capacitor
主要为在直流电压下运行而设计的电容器。
Capacitor essentially designed for operation with direct voltage.
注：直流电容器可用于交流电压下，但需经购买方与电容器制造厂协商确定。
NOTE:DC capacitors may be used with a specified a.c.voltage only where authorized by the capacitor manufacturer.
11、模型电容器 model capacitor
模拟完整单元或元件的，在电气试验中，电、热和机械状况的严酷度均不降低的较小单元。Unit which simulates a complete unit or element in an electrical test, without reducing the severity of the electrical, thermal or mechanical conditions.
注：应考虑各应力的总和，例如温度、机械状况和电应力的总和。
Note : The combined sum of stresses should always be considered, for instance the sum of temperature and mechanical conditions as well as electrical stresses.
12、内部（元件）熔丝 internal（element）fuse
一种组装在电容器内部的，当发生击穿时能将一只元件或一组元件隔离开来的器件。
Fuse connected inside a capacitor unit, in series with an element or a group of elements.
13、过压力隔离器 overpressure disconnector
一种为在内部压力异常增大时开断电流通路而设计的隔离器件。
Disconnecting device inside a capacitor, designed to interrupt the current path in case of abnormal increase of internal overpressure.
14、内部放电器件 internal discharge device
一种组装在电容器内部并与单元端子连接的，当电容器从电源脱开之后能将剩余电压有效地降低到零的器件。
A device which may be incorporated in a capacitor, capable of reducing the voltage between the terminals practically to zero, within a given time, after the capacitor has been disconnected from a network.
15、额定交流电压（UNAC） rated a.c. voltage(UNAC)
设计电容器时所采用的反复型波形的任一极性的最高运行峰值周期电压。
Maximum operating peak recurrent voltage of either polarity of a reversing type waveform for which the capacitor has been designed.
注：Note
1 波形可能有多种形状，其例见GB/T 17702.1-1999附录A。
The waveform can have many shapes.Examples are given in GB/T 17702.1-1999 Annex A.
2 波形的平均值可能是正值或负值。
The mean value of the waveform may be positive or negative.
3 重要的是要注意到额定交流电压不是均方根值。
It is important to note that the a.c.voltage is not an r.m.s. value.
16、额定直流电压（UNDC） rated d.c. voltage（UNDC）
设计电容器时所采用的非反复型波形的任一极性的可连续运行的最高运行峰值电压。Maximum operating peak voltage of either polarity but of a non-reversing type waveform, for which the capacitor has been designed,for continuous operation.
17、纹波电压（Ur） ripple voltage（Ur）
单向电压的峰到峰的交流分量。Peak-to-peak alternating component of the unidirectional voltage.
18、非周期冲击电压（us） non-recurrent surge voltage（us）
由切换或系统中任何别的扰动所导致的峰值电压，此电压只允许持续比基本周期短的时间和出现有限的次数。
Peak voltage induced by a switching or any other disturbance of the system which is allowed for a limited number of times and for durations shorter than the basic period.
19、绝缘电压（Ui） insulation voltage（Ui）
电容元件和端子对外壳或对地电压的额定值（方均根值）。如果未作规定，此绝缘电压的方均根值等于额定电压除以。
r.m.s. value of the sine wave voltage designed for the insulation between terminals of capacitors to case or earth.
20、最大峰值电流（）maximum peak current（）
在连续运行中瞬时发生的最大电流的幅值。
Maximum repetitive peak current that can occur during continuous operation.
21、最大电流（Imax）maximum current（Imax）
连续运行的最大电流的方均根值。
Maximum r.m.s. current for continuous operation.
22、最大冲击电流（）maximum surge current（）
由切换或系统中任何别的扰动所导致的允许峰值电流，此电流只允许出现有限的次数。
Peak non-repetitive current induced by switching or any other disturbance of the system which is allowed for a limited number of times, for durations shorter than the basic period.
23、脉冲频率（fp）pulse frequency（fp）
周期电流脉冲的重复率。
Repetition rate of periodic current pulses.
24、电流脉冲宽度（τ）current pulse width（τ）
在电容器从一电压值充电或放电到另一电压值时电流流动的时间。
Time of current flow during charging or discharging from one voltage value to another, of the capacitor.
注：脉冲电流波形的例子示于GB/T 17702.1-1999附录A。
Note: pulse current waveform examples are shown in GB/T 17702.1-1999 Annex A
25、谐振频率（fr）resonance frequency（fr）
电容器的阻抗成为最小时的最低频率。
Lowest frequency at which the impedance of the capacitor becomes minimum.
26、工作周期 duty cycle
a）连续工作 continuous duty
电容器大部分时间处于热平衡状态的运行。
Operation time such that a capacitor is at thermal equilibrium for most of the time.
b）间歇工作 intermittent duty
不连续的工作或在变动负荷下的运行，它们应以“通/断”或“高/低”周期与持续时间来说明。Discontinuous working or operation with variable loads which should be described in terms of ON/OFF or HIGH/LOW periods with their durations.
27、最高运行温度 highest operating temperature
在热平衡状态下电容器外壳最热点的温度。
Temperature of the hottest point on the case of the capacitor when in thermal equilibrium.
28、最低运行温度（θmin）lowest operating temperature(θmin)
电容器可以赋能的最低温度。
Lowest temperature of the dielectric at which the capacitor may be energized.
29、外壳温升（Δθcase）container temperature rise(Δθcase)
外壳最热点温度和冷却空气温度之差。
Difference between the temperature of the hottest point of the container and the temperature of the cooling air.
30、冷却空气温度（θamb）cooling-air temperature (θamb)
在稳定状态条件下，在电容器组最热区域的两单元之间中途所测得的冷却空气的温度。如果仅涉及一单元，则为距电容器外壳大约0.1m和距基底三分之二高度处所测得的温度。Temperature of the cooling air measured at the hottest position of the capacitor, under steady-state conditions, midway between two units. If only one unit is involved, it is the temperature measured at a point approximately 0.1 m away from the capacitor container and at two-thirds of the height from its base.
31、最高运行温度（θmax）maximum operating temperature(θmax)
电容器可以运行的外壳最高温度。
Highest temperature of the case at which the capacitor may be operated.
32、稳定状态条件 steady-state condition
电容器在恒定的输出和恒定的冷却空气温度下所达到的热平衡。
Thermal equilibrium attained by the capacitor at constant output and at constant cooling-air temperature.
33、电容器的损耗 capacitor losses
电容器所消耗的有功功率。
Active power dissipated in the capacitor.
注：除非另有说明，电容器的损耗应理解为包括作为电容器组成部分的熔丝和放电电阻器的损耗。在高频下电容器的损耗主要是由连接件、接触点和电极产生的损耗。
Note: Unless otherwise stated, the capacitor losses are understood to include losses in fuses and discharge resistors forming an integral part of the capacitor. At high frequency, the capacitor losses are predominantly due to losses in connections, contacts and electrodes.
34、电容器的损耗角正切（tanδ）tangent of the loss angle(tanδ)of a capacitor
在规定的正弦交流电压和频率下，电容器的等效串联电阻与容抗的比值。
Ratio between the equivalent series resistance and the capacitive reactance of a capacitor at a specified sinusoidal alternating voltage, frequency and temperature.
35、电容器的等效串联电阻(Resr) equivalent series resistance of a capacitor(Resr)
一个有效电阻，当它和所探讨的电容器有相等电容值的理想电容器相串联时，在规定的运行条件下，该电阻中最大的损耗功率将等于该电容器中耗散的有功功率。
Effective resistance which, if connected in series with an ideal capacitor of capacitance value equal to that of the capacitor in question, would have a power loss equal to active power dissipated in that capacitor under specified operating conditions.
36、最大损耗功率（Pmax)maximum power loss(Pmax)
在最高运行温度下电容器可以承载的最大损耗功率。
Maximum power loss at which the capacitor may be operated at the maximum case temperature.