1、高中常见的电解电极反应方程式总结1电解CuCl2溶液阳极:2Cl- - 2e- = Cl2 阴极:Cu2+ + 2e- = Cu总反应式:2Cl- + Cu2+ Cl2 + Cu2电解精炼铜阳极(粗铜):Cu - 2e- = Cu2+ 阴极 (纯铜) :Cu2+ + 2e- = Cu总反应式:无3电镀铜阳极(纯铜):Cu - 2e- = Cu2+ 阴极(待镀金属,如Fe):Cu2+ + 2e- = Cu总反应式:无4电解饱和食盐水阳极:2Cl- - 2e- = Cl2 阴极:2H2O + 2e- = H2 + 2OH-总反应式:2Cl- +2H2OH2+Cl2 +2OH-5电解HCl溶液阳极:
2、2Cl- - 2e- = Cl2 阴极:2H+ + 2e- = H2总反应式:2Cl- + 2H+ Cl2 + H26电解NaOH溶液阳极:4OH- - 4e- = O2 + 2H2O 阴极:4H2O + 4e- = 2H2 + 4OH-总反应式:2H2O 2H2 + O27电解H2SO4溶液阳极:2H2O - 4e- = O2 + 4H+ 阴极:4H+ +4e- = 2H2总反应式:2H2O 2H2 + O28电解KNO3溶液阳极:2H2O - 4e- = O2 + 4H+ 阴极:4H2O + 4e- = 2H2 + 4OH-总反应式:2H2O 2H2 + O29电解CuSO4溶液阳极:2H2O - 4e- = O2 + 4H+ 阴极:2Cu2+ + 4e- = 2Cu总反应式:2Cu2+ + 2H2O 2Cu + O2 + 4H+10电解AgNO3溶液阳极:2H2O - 4e- = O2 + 4H+ 阴极:4Ag+ + 4e- = 4Ag总反应式:4Ag+ + 2H2O 4Ag + O2 + 4H+