高一英语Book-2-重点单词与短语复习人教实验版知识精讲.doc

高一英语Book 2 重点单词与短语复习人教实验版【本讲教育信息】一. 教学内容：Book 2 重点单词与短语复习学习过程一、重点动词1. remain的用法remain用作不及物动词,意为“剩下、留下、呆在”，相当于stay。如：When the others had gone, Joan remained （=stayed） to clean the room. 别人走了,琼留下来清扫房间。Only a few leaves remained （=were still） on the tree. 树上只剩下几片叶子了。The Smiths remained there all through the year. 史密斯一家人在那里呆了整整一年。The soldiers were ordered to remain where they were. 士兵们接到命令呆在原地。注意： “呆在那里”可以说remain / stay there, 但“呆在家里”只能说stay （at） home remain作连系动词,意为“一直保持,仍然处于某种状态中”, 后可接多种成分作表语。1） 接名词作表语Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得当上了经理,但约翰仍然是一个工人。Their marriage remains a secret. 他们的婚姻仍然是个秘密。2） 接形容词作表语Whatever great progress you have made, you should remain modest. 无论你取得了多么大的进步,你都应一直保持谦虚。The shop remains open until 11 at night. 这个商店一直营业到晚上十一点。3） 接过去分词作表语,表示主语所处的状态或已经发生的被动动作。如：They never remained satisfied with their successes. 他们从不满足于自己的成绩。（表主语所处的状态）They remained locked in the room. 他们仍然被锁在房子里。（已经发生的被动动作）4）接现在分词作表语,表示正在进行的主动动作。如：The guests came in, but she remained sitting at the desk reading. 客人进来了,但她仍然坐在桌旁看书。（正在进行的主动动作）They remained listening. 他们一直在听。5） 接不定式作表语,表示将来的动作。如：This remains to be proved. 这有待证实。（将来被动动作）Whether it will do us good remains to be seen. 这对我们是否有好处，还要看一看。请看2002年的高考题：Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains whether they will enjoy it. A. to seeB. to be seenC. seeing D. seen 6） 接介词短语作表语I have remained in touch with the Greens for more than 10 years. 我和格林一家保持了十多年的联系。He had to remain in hospital until he was better. 他不得不住院,直到身体好转。注意： remain 作名词时,表示“剩余物“,一般用其复数形式。如：The remains of a meal can be given to a pig. 残汤剩饭可以喂猪。They found some remains of the Tang Dynasty. 他们发现一些唐代遗物。 remaining 是形容词,意为剩余的,常作前置定语；而left则只能作后置定语。如：There are only 5 books left. 只剩下五本书了。He bought me a gift with the remaining money. 他用剩余的钱给我买了一件礼物。2. consider的用法consider大致有两种含义。含义不同，用法有别。现归纳如下。consider作“考虑”解，常用于以下句型：（1）consider+名词/代词/动名词。Youd better consider my suggestion. 你最好考虑我的建议。Im considering going abroad some day.我一直考虑有一天出国。（2）consider+从句或“疑问词+不定式”。Have you considered what he suggested?你们考虑他的建议了吗？We must consider what to do next.我们必须考虑下一步要做什么。consider作“认为”解时，常用于以下句型：consider sb./ sth+.（as）+形容词/名词。其中，as可以省略。We consider him honest.我们认为他很诚实。At first they considered me as a doctor.起初他们认为我是医生。consider +sb. /sth.+不定式。其中，不定式通常是to be（可以省略）或其他动词的完成式。We consider this matter to be very important.我们认为这件事很重要。We all consider him to have stolen the bike.我们都认为他偷了自行车。consider + it+形容词/名词+不定式短语。We consider it hard to study English well.我们认为学好英语很难。I consider it my duty to help you with your studies.我认为帮助你学习是我的职责。consider+宾语从句。We consider that the music is well worth listening to.我们觉得这首音乐很值得一听。3. admit vt.&vi.（1）许可某人/某物进入This ticket admits two people to the football match.这张票可供两人入场看足球赛。（2）接纳，接受某人（入院入学等）All countries can take part if their athletes reach the standard to be admitted to the games.所有国家都可参赛，只要它们的运动员达到了参赛的标准。He was admitted to hospital with serious burns.他因重度烧伤而住院。（3）承认，招认 admit （doing） sth.承认某事/做了某事admit that +从句 承认He never admits that he is wrong.John has admitted breaking the window.4. agree是一个使用范围很广的单词，意为“同意；赞同”。它有很多相关词组，现在把其主要用法归纳如下： （1）agree （to sth） 意为“同意；愿意；答应（某事物）”。如：Is he going to agree to our suggestion? 他会同意我们的建议吗？（2）agree with sb 意为“适合（某人的健康或胃口）”，尤用于否定句或疑问句中。如：The climate there doesnt agree with him. 那里的气候对他不合适。 （3）agree （with sb.） （about / on sth.） 意为“同意；（与某人）意见一致”。如：We couldnt agree on a date/ when to meet. 关于日期（什么时候见面），我们没有能取得一致意见。 （4）agree sth意为“在某事物上取得一致意见；商定”。如：Can we agree a price? 我们能不能商定一个价格？ （5）agree （with sth.） 意为“与（某事物）相一致；相符合；相吻合”。如：Your thoughts didnt agree with mine. 你的想法和我的想法不一致。 （6） be agreed（on /about sth.）意为“达成协议；意见一致”。如：We are all agreed on the best action. 我们都同意这一最佳措施。 （7）agree后面还可以接宾语从句，即be agreed that .如：It was agreed that another meeting was necessary. 大家都认为有必要再开一次会。5. suggest表示建议；提议：（1）跟名词或代词：I suggest a visit to the theatre.我建议去看戏。What would you suggest?你的建议呢？（2）suggest（suggestion）作建议解时，其后的从句要用虚拟语气，从句中谓语由should加动词原形构成，should常被省略,其被动结构为（should） be done。这一结构常出现在下列从句中：宾语从句They suggested that she make a working plan.他们建议她做一份工作计划。I suggest that we （should） bring the meeting to an end.我建议会议到此为止。主语从句Its suggested that the meeting be put off.会议已被提议延期。It is suggested that the experiment should be made under low temperature.有人建议实验要在低温下进行。同位语从句His suggestion that we （should） go to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.我们大家对他提出去看艺术展览的建议感兴趣。Presently he made the suggestion that they carry on their conversation in French.不久他建议他们继续用法语交谈。表语从句My suggestion is that we （should） send a few people to help the other group.我的建议是我们派几个人去帮助别的小组。His suggestion is that the wounded be sent to hospital immediately.他的建议是伤员要被马上送往医院。（3）跟动名词My uncle suggested （me） getting a job in a bank.我叔叔建议我在银行找个工作。Mr. Zhang suggested putting the meeting off.张先生提议延期开会。注意：表示使联想；提醒，暗示；表明，说明（多跟从句），其后从句用陈述语气。Her yawn suggests that she is sleepy.看她打哈欠的样子，似乎很困。His expression suggested that he was angry.他的表情显示出他生气了。The sight of the birds suggested a new idea for flying machines.鸟的形态启发人类设计新型的飞行器。The white on her face suggested fear. 她苍白的面容表明她的恐惧。二、重点短语复习1. look into 调查；观察；朝里瞧They will look into the matter.联想记忆：look on观看；旁观look out当心look over（医生）仔细检查（身体）look up to敬仰；尊重look down upon/on俯视；看不起look sth. up查阅look back （on sth.）回顾过去look forward to盼望或期待某事物2. think highly of = have a good opinion of看重；器重；高度评价They think highly of your work abilities.联想记忆：What do you think of sb. /sth. 你认为某人/物怎么样？think nothing of 对无所谓；不把当回事think badly/poorly of对评价不高think of sb./ sth. as把某人/物当作3. change ones mind改变主意；变卦I am not sure Tom will go abroad because he always changes his mind easily. 联想记忆：be out of ones mind精神不正常；忘记bear/keep in mind记住；记在心里come to/into ones mind浮现在某人的脑海里speak ones mind坦率表白意见；谈出心事make up ones mind决心read sbs mind/thoughts看出某人的心思,知道某人在想些什么4. deal with（1）处理；对付How would you deal with an armed burglar?（2）与有贸易往来；与做买卖Ive dealt with this shop for 20 years.（3）关于；有关a book dealing with West Africa 一本关于西非的书区别： deal with与do with翻译：你把我的书弄到哪里去了?_我不知道怎样度过即将到来的假期。_5. die out（指物种）死光；灭绝,火慢慢熄灭联想记忆：die away减弱（以至觉察不到）；淡化die down逐渐降低；减弱be dying 垂死的be dying for/to do sth.渴望die of 死于（饥饿；病）die from死于（外界引起的）die hard很难改变；顽固Old habits die hard.旧习难改。ex. In Britain one in four people _ smoking too much.A. die ofB. die from C. die forD. die inI _ a racing bicycle when I was at middle school. A. died forB. was anxious toC. dreamt D. was dying for【模拟试题】一、根据句子意思及所给单词的首字母或汉语注释，写出该单词的正确形式。1. S_ is used for making coins, jewelry, spoons, knives, forks, dishes and so on.2. An h_ man should always tell the truth.3. When and where did the a_ Olympic Games start?4. Every four years a_ from all over the world take park in the Olympic Games.5. Within three years the b_ rate is to be reduced to less than 1 percent.6. This kind of change is called _（物理的） change.7. How many _（奖牌）will China get in the 29th Olympic Games?8. Advances in _（技术）have improved crop yields by over 30%.9. The boy made a _（诺言）to his parents about his plans.10. With so many _（人造的）flowers on the wall, the house looks more beautiful. 11. The wind was so f_ we could hardly stand up.12. Ive been taking these pills for three days, but so far theyve had no e_.13. The children were lying on their s_ in the room.14.There are many kinds of m_ and most are not the types that carry diseases.15. As we all know, Beethoven was one of the best known m_ in the world.16. Animals are kept in r_ so that they should not all be shot.17. A telephone is an _（工具） by which we can speak to people far away.18. Love your e_（敌人）, because they tell you your disadvantages.19. Cambridge looks very _（吸引人的） at this time of year.20. Colin has the _（名声） of being the worst boy in the class.二、Book 2相关单词与短语翻译练习1. 毫无疑问，他将为他所做的受到惩罚。（doubt）2. 他不可能把书带回家，因为他所有的书都在桌子上放着呢。（情态动词+have done）3. 我拿不准这礼物是谁的。（belong to）4. 她假装病了，请了一天假。（pretend）5. 专家建议我们立刻采取行动与空气污染作斗争。（advise； fight）6. 当你离开房间的时候，请一定要把门锁上。（make sure that）7. 说实话，我不习惯你那样对待我。（be used to）8. 你学习越刻苦，你取得的进步就会越大。（比较级）9. 随着时间的推移，和许多的年轻人一样，他也开始喜欢上流行音乐。（ go by； in common with）10. 他戴着墨镜，以保护眼睛不受太阳的损害。（protectfrom）11. 这位女售货员建议他改天再来。（suggest）12. 这台计算机正在由一位年轻的工人修理。（用现在进行时的被动语态）【试题答案】一、1. Silver2. honest 3. ancient 4. athletes 5. birth 6. physical 7. medals8. technology9. promise 10. artificial 11.fierce12. effect13. stomachs14. mosquitoes15. musicians16. reserves17. instrument 18. enemies19. attractive 20. reputation 二、1. There is no doubt that he will be punished for what he has done.2. He cant have taken his books home for all of them are lying on the table.3. I am not sure who/whom the gift belongs to.4. She pretended to be ill and took a day off work.5. The expert advised us to take immediate action to fight against air pollution.6. Please make sure that you lock the door when you leave the room.7. To tell the truth/To be honest, I am not used to being treated like that.8. The harder you study, the greater progress you will make.9. As the time went by, in common with many young people he began to love pop music.10. He is wearing a pair of dark glasses to protect his eyes from the sun.11. The saleswoman suggested that he should come another day.12. The computer is being repaired by a young worker.用心 爱心 专心