完形填空-------语境理解.docx

完形填空-------语境理解
完形填空在命题设计上不仅考查语法和固定句型，还侧重于考查学生的逻辑思维能力和对具体语境的把握，尤其是对整体语境的理解能力。设题重在文意的干扰，即把具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境中去，考查大家通过上下文的前后提示或暗示，对整体文意进行把握的能力。这种考查方式所占的比例较大，难度也较大，若单从句子或个别段落来分析，或许所给的四个答案在语法和结构上都是正确的，但放在全局，则不一定正确。因此，快速浏览全文，领悟文章主旨，通过上下文的语境来选择答案是解决这类题的关键。
My English is poor. I used to be afraid to answer questions in class. I think that the good students may 19_____ me when I make mistakes. Now I feel much more relaxed.”
19. A. laugh at B. listen to C. look after D. wait for
要点讲解
完形填空命题的原则一般是第一句话不设空，目的是使读者快速进入语境，因此一定要认真阅读这句话，快速了解文章主旨。
Have you ever offered a helping hand to those who are in trouble? (2014 河北)
1. 看清上下文，找准定位词。
充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。这些词有时可能是同义词或反义词。
例如：Some parts of the water are very shallow. But in some places it is very ______.
A.deep B.high C. cold D. dangerous
Perhaps some may say that these are not ______ (54) things. That is right. But such a little thing shows that you have a thoughtful mind and a feeling heart. 54. A. little B. good C. great D. bad
解析:最后一句话中的” such a little thing”提示第一个句子应为"这些不是什么伟大的事情",所以答案为C.
My family was very poor during those years. I wore welfare socks, which cost only a little, but those__13__welfare socks didn’t last long.
13. A.free B.wet C.dirty D.cheap
解析：题干中的 “which cost only a little”提示本题应填写那些便宜的福利袜子。答案为D 。
Many books have been written about“the art of giving”. And we also know that it’s hard to give people a gift, 46 a personal one. If we want to make it better, we should understand who you will give the gift to and their likes and 47.
46. A. specially B. especially C. commonly D. usually
47. A. displays B. disadvantages C. disagreements D. dislikes
46. 我们也知道给人送礼物很难，特别是私人的礼物，“特别”为单词especially，为B.
47. 如果我们想做得更好九应该了解被赠送的人的喜好，剧中的like提示本题选dislike, 为D。
2. 通顺逻辑，寻求搭配。
注意固定的搭配，包括动词与 介词的搭配，动词与名词的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等，同时要根据内容选择正确的短语。例如：
Here’s a fellow who just walked into a bank and helped himself_____ much money.
A.for B. by C.to D. of
解析：表示“自取，随便拿”为help oneself to 。所以答案为C.
If you are going to a concert, wear earplugs to protect your ears 42 the terrible music!
42.A. for B. from C. with D. at
解析：Protect …from … 为固定短语，表示保护 某人或某物免于某种伤害，答案为B。
We stayed in her house for a night. David was only 4 years old, and was still 　　31　　 　of the dark., so Mary left the hall light on when we slept.
31. A. afraid　　　 B. sure　　　 C. proud　　　 D. happy
解析： 为固定短语，表示害怕某人或某物。 最后一句话的含义为：所以在我们睡觉的时候玛丽让大厅的灯开着。它提示前面的句子应为大卫只有4岁，他害怕黑暗，答案为A
Each nation has many volunteers(志愿者) who help to take care of others. They 44 books to the people in hospitals or homes for the aged. Sometimes they just visit them and play games with them or listen to their 45.
44. A. sell B. read C. throw D. show
45. A. voices B. speeches C. songs D. problems
44. 他们在医院或家里为老人读书。读书为固定短语read a book|read books,所以答案为B。
45. 考查语境，介绍的是志愿者为医院或家里为老人提供服务，这里表志愿者去看他们听他们遇到的一些问题。答案为D。
3. 根据语境提示搞清差异，特别是一些同义词，意思差别非常的微妙，需要辨析词语含意。
Soon I heard a ____like that of a door burst in and then a climb of feet.
A. sound B.cry C.voice D.shout
The passengers come from 14 countries and areas. Nobody knows what happened to the plane. Over twenty countries took part in 39 it.
39.
A. searching out
B.searching for
C. looking for
D.looking out
解析：20 多个国家参与了马航失联飞机的搜索。根据语境选择B。
Listening to loud music a lot can be bad for ears, especially when headphones (耳机) are used. So 39 the volume(音)when you're wearing headphones or try not to wear headphones.
39.A. turn on B. turnoff C. turn down D. turn up
解析：语境为常听大声的音乐对耳朵不好，特别是在带耳机的时候，所以这里为带耳机的时候要调低音量。答案为C
Hearing is very important to all of us. We can 33 beautiful music, nice songs of birds, the laughter of people or other different kinds of 34 in the world with our ears.
33.A. listen B. hear C. listening D. hear of
34.A. sounds B. noise C. voices D. barks
解析：33. 我们用耳朵可以听优美的音乐，这里表示听到，选B。
解析：34 用耳朵还可以听到世界上其他各种不同的声音。选A。
4. 根据上下文，把握语境，看清执行者，确定所选词。
And video cameras can be used to ___pople’s actions at home.
A.keep B.make C.record D. watch
句中动作的发出者是video cameras，因此答案是C，意思是“记录”.
Natural resources are things that we use that come from Earth.Out natural resources are limited（有限的）.This means that they will not 16 forever.
16. A. last B. spread C. burn D. change
解析：最后句子中，根据上下语境，应指自然资源，所以这里选A,表“持续”.
5. 联系上下文，根据语境寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系。
It has been many years since I was last in London___I still remember something that happened during that visit.
A.and B.for C.but D.as
根据句前的many years和句后的still remember答案应选表转折的but.
“Something is biting her right foot,__18__she doesn’t let us take off her shoe,”One of my classmates answered.
18.A.because B.but C.or D.so
解析：语境为：有东西在咬他的右脚，但她却不让我们脱掉她的鞋。前后两个句子为转折关系，所以用连词but.
“I’m worried that some students may think they are in the lower class 47 lose interest in the subject,” their math teacher, Mr. Wang said.
47. A. and B. but C. till D. or
解析：根据lower class知道与lose interest之间为并列关系，即觉得水平低而且失去兴趣，所以本题用连词and答案为A。
要点小结
1.认真阅读文章首句，快速进入语境，看清上下文，找准定位词。2.通顺逻辑，寻求搭配。
3.根据语境提示搞清差异，特别是一些同义词。4.根据上下文，把握语境，看清执行者，确定所选词。5. 联系上下文，根据语境寻求上下逻辑，从容确定关系。