动词ing形式作表语、定语、宾语、补足语.doc

动词的ing形式作表语，定语，和宾补一、动词-ing形式作表语1. 表示主语的内容 ,可以转换到句首作主语Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. (= keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible is her job) 她的工作是尽量使报告厅保持干净。2. 表示主语具有的特征、性质和状态(动词ing 相当一个形容词）The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令困惑。3.常用来作表语的现在分词有astonishing, amusing, confusing, disappointing, boring, encouraging, inspiring, moving, tiring, interesting, surprising等。全析提示：动词-ing形式作表语时，其逻辑主语往往是句子中的主语，但用作表语的-ing形式也可带有自己的逻辑主语。What worries me most is her staying too late every night. (staying too late every night的逻辑主语是her)二、 动词-ing形式作定语1 单个的动词-ing形式可以作前置定语，一般具有两种含义。 说明被修饰名词的用途和性能。a reading room= a room which is used for reading 阅览室running shoes =shoes for running 跑鞋a working method=a method for working 工作方法 表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。developing countries = countries that are developing发展中国家an ordinary-looking house = a house that looks ordinary看起来很普通的房子a puzzling problem = a problem that puzzles somebody困扰人的问题2 作定语的动词-ing形式如是一个短语，则应放在被修饰词的后面,做后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south)他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basket?（=Who is playing basket)你认识在打篮球的那个小男孩吗？The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan ) is my uncle正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。三、动词-ing形式作宾补1、动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。 When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.2、当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语 的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。 They found the film very exciting. = The film is found very exciting.3、能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1) 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词，（常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等）+ sb + doing sth（作宾补）I felt somebody standing behind me.2) 表示指使意义的动词使役动词，（常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等）+sb/ sth + doing sth (作宾补）We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room.我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。4、see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式 和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： We heard the telephone ring. We heard the telephone ringing.前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作的全过程。练习题1. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs.1) _ (clean) women in big cities usually get paid by the hour.2) All of us watched the hunter _(bring) down the dangerous bear.3) When he woke up, he found himself _(lie) in hospital.4) Electricity lines were brought down by _ (fall) trees in the storm.5) The tall building_ (build) now will be a hospital.6) The man _ (wear) a sad look said, Ive lost my wallet.7) What is a water can used for? Its used to _ (water) flowers or something like that.8) There was a terrible noise_ (follow) the sudden burst of light.9) The missing boy was last seen_ (play) near the river.10) In parts of Asia you must not sit with your feet _(point) at another person.2. -ing形式作补语练与析从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Though I have often heard this song _, I have never heard you _ it.A. being sung; sang B. sang; singing C. sung; sing D. to be sung; to sing2. It was so cold that they kept the fire _ all night.A. to burn B. burn C. burning D. burned3. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be puttingC. to putD. putting4. Did you meet anyone _ at the party?No, in fact, I found the party rather _.A. interesting; boring B. interested; boringC. interesting; bored D. interested; bored5. The salesman scolded the girl caught _ and let her off.A. to have stolen B. to be stealingC. to steal D. stealing6. Dont leave the water_ while you brush your teeth.A. run B. running C. being run D. to run7. The _ boy was last seen _ near the East Lake.A. missing; playing B. missing; playC. missed; played D. missed; to play8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked