have+n+indoing结构总结.doc

have+n.+in doing sth句式
  大家比较熟悉 have difficulty in doing sth这一句式，因为它不仅是一个常考句式，而且在写作中也是一个很有用的“高级结构”。除了 difficulty 之外，还有不少名词也适用于这一结构，结合近几年的高考英语命题情况，为大家归纳了以下“have+n.+in doing sth”句式（其中的介词in可以省略），供同学们复习时参考。
1. bother 麻烦，费事，费劲
用于have bother (in) doing sth，表示“做某事费劲”。如：
Did you have much bother (in) finding his office? 你是不是费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室？
We had a lot of bother finding our way to his house.我们费了很大劲才找到他的家。
We had quite a lot of bother (in) getting here because of the fog. 因为有雾，我们费了很大的劲才到达这儿。
比较其他相关结构：
(1) 用于save sb the bother of doing sth，意为“省得某人麻烦去做某事”，其中的bother后要接of doing sth。如：
I should have phoned the shop first and saved myself the bother of going there. 我本来应该先给商店打个电话的，这样也就省得我走一趟。
(2) 用于go to (all) the bother of doing sth，意为“费心做某事”“不怕麻烦做某事”。如：
I’m not going to the bother of writing again. She never writes back. 我不想费心再给她写信了，她从不回信的。
2. difficulty 困难
用于have difficulty (in) doing sth，表示“做某事有困难”。如：
I had the greatest difficulty in persuading him. 为了说服他，我费了好大的力气。
We have much difficulty (in) understanding what he says. 我们要理解他说的话有不少困难。
该句型中的动词 have 有时可用 find, there be 换之。如：
He finds little difficulty learning English. 他觉得学习英语没什么困难。
There is much difficulty in finding his office. 费了很大的劲才找到他的办公室。
3. fun 趣味，有趣
用于have fun (in) doing sth，表示“做某事有意思（有趣）”。如：
We had great fun comparing our baby pictures. 我们比较宝宝的照片觉得很有趣。
We had fun riding our bicycles to the beach today. 我们今天骑自行车去海滨玩得很开心。
该句型中的动词 have 有时可用 find, (there) be 换之。如：
There’s no fun in spending the evening doing nothing. 晚上无事可干，很无聊。
There’s no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards. 整个晚上打扑克牌没有意思。(LL)
4. luck 运气
用于have luck (in) doing sth，表示“做某事时有运气（走运）。如：
She had good luck in finding a new job quickly. 她很快便找到了一份新的工作，真幸运。
He cursed his bad luck in arriving just after she’d left. 他骂自己运气不好，他到达时她刚走。
其中的动词 have 有时可用 (there) be 换之。如：
Often there is an element of luck in getting the right answer. 答对题目通常需要一点点运气。
比较相关句型：
So far I have had no luck with finding a job. 我找工作一直不走运。
We had the luck to find good childcare quite quickly. 我们运气好，很快就找到了不错的托儿所。
5. trouble 困难，麻烦
用于have trouble (in) doing sth，表示“做某事有困难”。如：
He was having trouble hearing her. 他发现要听清楚她说话很困难。
At first she had a little trouble following the lectures. 起初她上课听讲有点困难。
No, I don’t know his number—I have quite enough trouble remembering my own. 不，我不知道他的号码，我光记自己的号码就够困难的了。
I have some trouble in reading her handwriting. 我认她的笔迹有些困难。
We had no trouble (in) finding his house. 我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的家。
6. a good time （与have连用）玩得开心
用于have a good time (in) doing sth，表示“做某事很开心”。如：
We had a good time (in) playing tennis. 我们打网球打得很开心。
比较相关句型：
It’s a good time for buying [to buy] a house. 是买房子的好时机。
7. a hard time （与have连用）过得很辛苦
用于have a hard time (in) doing sth，表示“做某事很辛苦”。如：
I had a hard time finding you. 我找你费了好大劲。
The two friends had a hard time getting here. 两位朋友到这里来一路辛苦。
I had a hard time (in) getting them to see the point. 我费了很大劲儿才让他们明白我的意思。
8. job 工作；费力的事；任务
用于have a job (in) doing sth，表示“做某事有困难（很费力）”，与have difficulty (in) doing sth同义。如：
We had quite a job finding your house. 我们费了很大的劲才找到你的家。
You’ll have a job convincing them that you’re right. 要让他们信服你是对的还要费点劲。
We were only given an hour to do the exam, and I had a job finishing the paper. 我们考试的时间只有一个小时，我好不容易才做完了卷子。
其中的job有时可用hard, difficult修饰，其中的(in) doing sth有时也可换成不定式。如：
He had a hard job to make himself heard. 他好不容易才让别人听到他的声音。
注意，下面一句中的doing sth为句子主语，其前不能有介词in：
It was quite a job finding his flat. 找到他的寓所可不是件容易事。（句中的finding也可换成to find）
比较相关结构：
(1) 表示“做某事的工作（任务）”，其后可接of doing sth。如：
A food processor makes the job of preparing food a lot easier. 一个食品加工机使做饭容易了许多。
She’s taken on the job of organizing the Christmas party. 她接受了筹办圣诞晚会的任务。
(2) 用于do [make] a good job of doing sth（其中的good也可换成其他形容词），其意为“把某事做得好（不好等）”：
She did a splendid job of decorating the house for the party. 她为了晚会把房子装饰得非常漂亮。
She made a very good job of covering up the damage. 她非常老练地完成了掩盖损失的任务。
其中的of doing sth有时也可换成in doing sth（其中的good也可换成其他形容词），其意为“把某事干得好（不好等）”。如：
The police did an admirable job in keeping the fans calm. 警察把球迷们的秩序整得很好，令人敬佩。
(3) 有时可直接跟现在分词作定语。如：
She got a temporary job stacking shelves. 她找到一份整理货架的临时工作。
9. problem 困难
用于have a problem (in) doing sth，表示“做某事有困难”。如：
Did you have any problems (= difficulties) getting here? 你到这儿来遇到困难了吗？
若表示“做某事的困难”，则可后接 of doing sth。如：
Most students face the problem of funding themselves while they are studying. 大多数学生在求学期间都会面临经济来源的问题。

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