收藏 分销(赏)

现在完成时用法讲解.doc

上传人:仙人****88 文档编号:6090245 上传时间:2024-11-27 格式:DOC 页数:5 大小:71.01KB 下载积分:10 金币
下载 相关 举报
现在完成时用法讲解.doc_第1页
第1页 / 共5页
现在完成时用法讲解.doc_第2页
第2页 / 共5页


点击查看更多>>
资源描述
现在完成时 一、基本构成 1.肯定句: 主语(第一、二人称,第三人称复数)+have +过去分词+其他             主语(第三人称单数)+has+过去分词+其他 2.否定句: 主语+ have/has +not +过去分词+其他 3.一般疑问句: Have/Has  +主语+过去分词+其他? 4.特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问词+have/has +主语+过去分词+其他? 5.规则动词的过去分词和过去式构成相同,都是在词尾加-ed。 6.不规则的,大致分为以下几种类型: 1)      原形中的元音字母有变化: get-got-got,    sit –sat-sat  win-won-won  spit- spat- spat   shine –shone- shone find- found- found  hold-held-held  meet- met-met   stand- stood-stood   understand-understood-understood  feed- fed-fed   hang-hung-hung 2)      原形中的辅音字母有变化: make-made-made    spill-spilt-spilt   have/ has-had-had  build-built-built send-sent-sent   lend- lent- lent    spend-spent-spent   3)      在原形后加t或d: spoil-spoilt-spoilt  learn-learnt-learnt  mean-meant-meant   hear-heard-heard pay-paid-paid   say-said-said  lose-lost-lost  lay-laid-laid 4)      原形中的元音字母和辅音字母都有变化: feel-felt-felt   smell-smelt-smelt    spell-spelt –spelt  keep-kept-kept sleep-slept-slept   sweep-swept-swept  leave-left-left  sell-sold-sold tell-told-told  catch-caught-caught  teach-taught-taught  buy-bought-bought bring-brought-brought  think-thought-thought   wear-wore-worn 5)      与原形相同: hit-hit-hit  hurt-hurt-hurt   let-let-let   put-put-put   read-read-read set-set-set  shut-shut shut  cost-cost-cost   cut-cut-cut 还有些不规则动词的过去分词与过去式不相同,为便于记忆,也分类如下: 1)原形中的元音字母有变化: ring-rang-rung   sing-sang-sung   drink-drank-drunk  swim-swam-swum begin-began-begun  sink-sank-sunk 2) 在原形上加-en: eat-ate-eaten  fall-fell-fallen  ride-rode-ridden write-wrote- written be-was/were-been  rise-rose-risen  forget-forgot-forgotten 3)在原形上加-n: see-saw-seen   give-gave-given  drive-drove-driven  take-took-taken mistake-mistook-mistaken  draw-drew-drawn  blow-blew-blown grow-grew-grown  know-knew-known  show-showed-shown  throw-threw-thrown 4)在过去式上加-n: steal-stole-stolen  break-broken–broken  choose-chose-chosen  speak-spoke-spoken   wake-woke-woken  6)      与原形相同:come-came-come  run-ran-run  become-became-become 7)      原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同的: do-did-done  go-went-gone  fly-flew-flown  lie-lay-lain 个别动词有两个过去式和过去分词,一个为规则变化,另一个为不规则变化: learn-learned-learned             shined-shined     smell – smelled-smelled learnt-learnt         shine  shone-shone             smelt-smelt wake  -waked-waked              spelled-spelled        woke-woken         spell  -spelt –spelt 二、现在完成时的用法 用法:现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在。 1.表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然),once(一次),twice(两次),many times(很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今为止),during the past(last)three years(最近三年来)等连用。 副词的位置: ①just常用于肯定句中,放在have / has后,He has just come . ②never表示否定, 放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall. ③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has+主语+ever +过去分词?“…曾经……过吗?”用于询问某人过去的经历。Have you ever been to the farm? ④before用于句末,The woman has never heard of that before. ⑤yet 用于句末或not 之后.Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet. ⑥already用于肯定句, have / has 之后或句末.We have already finished it. ⑦so far(迄今为止)用于句首或句末. So far, we have visited the moon. 2.表示过去已经开始,持续到现在还可能继续下去的动作或状态,可以和表示过去的某一时刻延续到现在 (包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用。如:these days, by the end of …,(到。。。为止) since (自从。。。以来) , for+一段时间, so far (到目前为止) (1) She’s been there for over  two years 她在那两年多了。 (2) They’ve lived here since 1989. n 辨析:since 和for 1) since的四种用法 since +过去一个时间点 (如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six) I have been here since 1989. since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago. since +从句 Great changes have taken place since you left. It is +一段时间+ since从句 It is two years since I became a teacher. 当since和for与完成时态连用时,两个词容易混淆。for表示事情延续的时间。since表示事情是什么时候开始的。如: She has been in the U.S.A. for six years. 她在美国已有6年了。(强调时间的过程) She has been in the U.S.A. since six years ago. 从6年前到现在她一直住在美国。(强调时间的点) 三、现在完成时与一般过去时的区别 1. 过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情,强调动作;    现在完成时为过去发生的,强调过去的事情对现在的影响,强调的是影响。 2. 过去时常与具体的时间状语连用,而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用,或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week,…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight, this April, now, once,before, already, recently,lately 现在完成时的时间状语for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till / until, up to now, in past years, always,不确定的时间状语 3. 现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态,动词一般是延续性的,如live, teach, learn, work, study, know.过 去时常用的非持续性动词有come, go, leave, start, die, finish, become, get married等。 现在完成时与中考题 ( )1.I_______ a letter from him since he left.(天津市) A.didn't receive B.haven't got C.didn't have D.haven't heard ( )2.We have lived here _______ five years ago.(河南省) A.when B.since C.before D.after ( )3.—I have watched the game. —When you _______ it?(长沙市) A.have;watched B.do;watch C.did;watch D.will;watch ( )4.—How do you like Beijing,Mr Black? —Oh,I _______ such a beautiful city.(江西省) A.don't visit B.didn't visit C.haven't visited D.hadn't visited ( )5.The old people _______ lonely at all since we began to visit them once a week.(广州市) A.don't feel B.hasn't felt C.haven't felt D.didn't feel ( )6.My grandfather_______ in the small town all his life.He always says he likes the town.(四川省) A.lived B.have lived C.has lived D.is living ( )7.His brother has been to Stone Forest twice _______ he came to Yunnan.(昆明市) A.after B.before C.since D.for ( )8.His grandpa _______ for two years.(广西) A.was died B.has been dead C.was dead D.has died 不规则的,大致分为以下几种类型: 1)AAA型(即动词过去式、过去分词与动词原形相同)。如: 原形 过去式 过去分词 cost cost cost cut cut cut 2)ABB型(即动词过去式与过去分词相同)。如: bring brought brought buy bought bought smell smelt smelt smelled smelled 3)ABA型(即过去分词与原形相同)。如: become became become come came come run ran run 4)AAA+en型。如: beat beat beaten 5)ABA+n /en型。如: fall fell fallen show showed shown throw threw thrown 6)ABB+n /en型。如: speak spoke spoken 7)ABC型(即动词原形、过去式和过去分词各不相同)。如: 按动词所含字母排列规则: *i→ a→ u ring rang rung sing sang sung
展开阅读全文

开通  VIP会员、SVIP会员  优惠大
下载10份以上建议开通VIP会员
下载20份以上建议开通SVIP会员


开通VIP      成为共赢上传

当前位置:首页 > 教育专区 > 小学其他

移动网页_全站_页脚广告1

关于我们      便捷服务       自信AI       AI导航        抽奖活动

©2010-2026 宁波自信网络信息技术有限公司  版权所有

客服电话:0574-28810668  投诉电话:18658249818

gongan.png浙公网安备33021202000488号   

icp.png浙ICP备2021020529号-1  |  浙B2-20240490  

关注我们 :微信公众号    抖音    微博    LOFTER 

客服